A 


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TOPICAL    BLI  jBKE 

OF 

8¥IFTOFS 
OUTLINES  OF  HISTORY: 

Jl    SUGGESTIVE    jlNJLLYSIS 

FOR   THE   USE   OF   PUPILS 

IN 

AND  B  O.  I TA  TION  OF  LESSONS. 

i:\ 

JOHN   LOCKWOOD. 


BLAKEMAN,  TAYLOB  &  CO., 

AM)   (UK  AGO. 
1877. 


NOTE   BY    PROF.   SWTNTON". 


The  "Topical  Brief,  or  Suggestive  Analysis "  of  the  Outlines  of 
History  was  submitted  in  manuscript  to  me  by  the  distinguished 
teacher  whose  name  is  on  the  title-page  of  this  manual.  It  seemed 
to  me  so  positive  a  contribution  to  rational  methods  of  education 
that  I  was  urgent  for  its  publication,  to  the  end  that  its  benefits 
might  not  be  confined  to  one  school,  but  extended  to  many.  This 
decided  on,  I  have  had  occasion  during  its  passage  through  the 
press  to  examine  the  Brief  with  minute  detail  and  close  comparison 
with  the  Outlines,  and  my  estimate  of  its  utility  has  been  enhanced 
day  by  day.  I  believe  it  will  prove  a  most  valuable  aid  in  the  prep- 
aration of  the  history  lessons,  leading  pupils  to  a  close  and  logical 
analysis  of  the  subject  matter  ;  that  it  will  convert  the  ordinary 
dry  rote- work  of  recitation  into  a  lively  and  enlivening  exercise  ; 
and  finally,  that  in  its  training  in  the  use  of  language  and  in  the 
habit  of  connected  discourse  it  will  be  found  a  powerful  instrument 
of  mental  culture.  From  the  many  progressive  teachers  who  have 
said  good  words  as  to  the  Outlines  and  have  that  work  in  use  in 
their  classes,  I  earnestly  bespeak  a  kindly  trial  for  this  little  man- 
ual, convinced,  as  I  am,  that  it  will,  at  a  stroke,  double  the  value  of 

the  text-book. 

WM.  SWINTON. 


New  York,  1877. 


[OUCATION  DEFT 


Copyright,  1877,  by  Electrotypcd  by 

John  Lockwood.  Smith  &  McDougal. 


IW  F" 


PR  E  F  ACE 


IT  has  been  said  there  is  no  royal  road  to  learning  ;  but, 
it  may  be  added,  there  is  a  decided  preference  in  the 
5  to  that  I  ^electable  Mountain, — some  being  good, 
while  others  are  well-nigh  impassable.  Of  the  latter  sort  is, 
too  often,  the  study  of  history — a  kind  of  corduroy,  and  in 
bad  repair  at  that.  If  this  little  book  shall  prove  to  be  to 
other  classes,  as  it  has  been  to  the  author's,  a  kind  of 
asphaltum  road,  pleasant  to  travel  over,  and  admitting  of 
'rapid  progress,  his  principal  aim  in  its  publication  will  be 
accomplished. 

The  Brief  is  a  kind  of  analysis  of  Swinton's  Outlines  of 
the   World* s   History,    paragraph    by   paragraph,    presented 
ly  by  key-words  or  phrases  taken  from  the  text. 
Its  main  purpose  is  twofold:  first,  to  assist  the  student  to 
ire  his  lesson  intelligently,  and  to  remember  it ;  and 
secondly,  to  enable  him  to  make    a  handsome   recitation. 
Besides  this  main  purpose,  it  has,  incidentally,  other  uses, 
fore   the   student,   in  their  logical  order,  the 
constituent  elements  of  each  paragraph,  his  mind  will  gradu- 
ally take  on  the  habit  of  analyzing  the  subjects  of  its  thought. 
If  he  fully  comprehends  the  analysis  presented,  and  v< 
Ding  to  think  in  an  orderly,  1> 
manner; — and  this  iinal  point  in  education.     A 

the  practice,  in  recitation,  of  collecting  the  constituent  ele- 
ments of  the  paragraph  and  connecting  them  in  a  continuous 

0 


PREFACE. 


discourse  furnishes  an  exercise  in  extempore  speaking — one 
of  the  finest  of  accomplishments.  The  practice  of  reciting 
in  this  way  gives  him  confidence  in  his  powers  and  pleasure 
in  exercising  them.  The  recitation,  instead  of  being  the 
usual  battledoor  and  shuttlecock  of  question  and  answer, 
becomes  a  lively  occasion  of  speech-making,  the  scholars 
taking  the  floor  in  turn,  and  the  teacher  acting  as  moderator. 
Like  the  runners  in  the  old  Greek  game  of  the  tcrch-race, 
(each,  in  turn,  seizing  the  flaming  torch  from  the  hands  of 
the  preceding  runner,  and  bearing  it  swiftly  on,  unextin- 
guished, to  the  next),  an  animated  class,  using  this  little 
book,  will  delight  to  take  up  the  narrative  from  one  another, 
on  the  teacher's  signal,  and  continue  it  rapidly  and  unbroken. 
Thus  treated,  the  study  invigorates  the  mind,  and  becomes 
a  powerful  exercise  in  expression. 

The  proper  names  and  the  dates  with  which  history  bris- 
tles are  a  discouraging  difficulty  to  the  average  student — 
meeting  him  at  the  outset  and  keeping  him  company  to  the 
end.  They  are  a  kind  of  Old  Man  of  the  Sea,  jumping  on 
the  student's  back  the  moment  he  makes  his  appearance. 
The  Brief  is  an  answer  to  his  call  for  help.  It  comes  to 
rescue  him  from  his  tormentor  by  taking  the  Old  Man  on  its 
own  shoulders. 

Unfamiliar  proper  names  that  occur  repeatedly  are  given 
in  full  when  first  mentioned,  and  the  dates  are  nearly  always 
given.  All  teachers  appreciate  the  value  of  the  eye  and  the 
ear  as  aids  in  acquiring  knowledge.  They  may  be  called, 
respectively,  the  right-hand  and  the  left-hand  of  Memory. 
A  date  being  exhibited  in  juxtaposition  with  its  proper 
event,  the  eye  transfers  the  two  facts  to  the  memory  as  one 
picture  ;  and  afterwards,  whenever  one  of  the  two  is  recalled 
to  mind,  the  other  comes  up  along  with  it — the  date  sug- 
gesting the  event,  the  event  the  date,  on  the  principle  of  the 


If  the  teacher  will  heartily  adopt  the 
sug  made  on  be  student  will  soon  be  put  in 

ssion  of  a  valuable  body  of  dates,  whi<  h  he 
will  have  acquired  almost  without  effort.      In  the  I 

rep  nd  events  in   the  recitation-discour 

the  ear  becomes  an  instrument  of  the  memory  only  second 
to  the  eye  in  importar 

el  to  be  used  by  the  student  both 
in  the  preparation  of  his  lesson  and  in  its  recitation.     "  To 
crown  the  edifice  "  suitably,  there  should  be    frequent  re- 
in which  the  student  should  be  encouraged  to  make 
discourse  with  as  little  reference  to  his  Brief  as  pos- 
sible. 

imply  connecting  the  topics  in  the  fewest  words,  the 
student  will  be  giving  the  substance  of  the  paragraph.  This 
will  lor  junior  classes.     Older  students  should   be 

required  to  be  more  full — to  use  the  topics  as  heads  of  dis- 
course, expanding  them  into  more  elaborate  statements,  and 
connecting  them  handsome 

It  will  n  inge  if  some  teachers,  themselves  enthu- 

siastic in  the  study  of  history  and  familiar  with  its  details, 
should  fear  that  the  student  might  become  enervated  in  the 
use  of  the  Brief  by  being  helped  too  much.  But  it  should 
be  borne  in  mind  that  the  point  to  be  gained  is  the  acqui- 
>n  of  the  subject  by  the  student ;  and  if  he  can  get 
this  by  the  aid  of  the  Brief  vnth  one-half  the  labor  otherv, 
nee-  urely  the  system  must  be   useful.      But  even   if 

the  teacher  should  object  to  a  help  of  this  kind  in  recitation, 
■ill  find  it  of  great  aid  to  him  in  the  preparation 
of     ]  ipter    viii.  i  i  — the 

of  the  tudent  notes 

that  the  subject  divid  inches — "  Baby- 

lon: oenician  dan 


vi  PREFACE. 

Trade."  The  first  of  these  is  considered  under  five  heads. 
The  second  of  these  five  has  a  subordinate  division  suggest- 
ing two  distinct  lines  of  inquiry.  The  third  has  three  sub- 
ordinate divisions,  under  the  two  first  of  which  several 
minor  details  are  suggested;  and  so  on.  Now,  after  the 
student  has  carefully  read  over  the  text,  in  the  manner  de- 
scribed more  fully  on  page  xiv,  and  is  able  to  give  the  sub- 
stance of  it  readily  with  the  aid  of  the  Brief,  he  is  pre- 
pared to  take  an  important  step  in  advance.  Let  him  now 
fix  in  his  mind  the  five  leading  divisions  (indicated  by  the 
symbols  "a"  "  b"  etc.),  then  the  next  subordinate  divisions 
(indicated  by  the  numerals  "  i,"  "  2,"  etc.),  and  finally  the 
minor  details  suggested  in  the  last  analysis — all  which  he 
can  do  in  five  minutes  of  attentive  study — and  he  is  prepared 
to  give  a  connected  statement  of  the  entire  subject  of  the 
"  Babylonian  Trade  "  without  the  Brief.  That  mastered,  let 
him  go  on  to  the  next  grand  division — the  "  Phoenician 
Trade  " — treating  it  in  the  same  way,  and  finally  the  "  Cartha- 
ginian Trade."  In  an  hour  from  the  time  he  opened  his 
book,  if  he  be  bright  and  accustomed  to  study,  he  can  have 
mastered  the  entire  subject  of  the  "  Commerce  of  the  An- 
cients," so  as  to  give  independently  a  connected  statement 
of  the  whole  subject  in  all  its  details,  without  a  prompt.  And 
yet  those  four  pages  of  the  text-book  are  crowded  to  reple- 
tion with  facts  which  not  one  student  in  a  hundred  can 
acquire  in  any  reasonable  time  so  as  to  state  them  con- 
nectedly and  with  accuracy,  without  the  aid  of  some  such 
analysis  as  the  one  here  offered. 

To  facilitate  the  acquisition  of  the  lesson,  the  paragraph 
side-heads  of  the  textbook  have  been  closely  followed  in  the 
preparation  of  the  Brief  though  not  always  best  adapted 
to  the  purpose  of  the  analysis.  For  the  same  reason,  the 
analysis  generally  employs  the  exact  language  of  the  Out- 


PB1  vii 

thus   broken 

>me  other  that 
en. 

nee,  the  divisions  and  subdivi- 
sions of  the  Outlines  have  been  strictly  followed,  so  that 
the  two  tables  of  contents  correspond. 

often  employed  without  apparent 
but   they  will  be  found  to  contribute  to  the  general 
iting  influence  which  the  student  will  feel  in  the  use  of 
this  manual.     The  mind  always  takes  delight  in  the  discov- 
ery of  hidden  truth,  even  though  it  be  no  more  than  supply- 
ie  missing  links  in  a  M  suggestive  analy- 
Among  other  minor  advantages  of  the  Brief,  the  student 
will  appreciate  this :   that  it  enables  him  to  assure  himself 
before  going  to  class  whether  he  is  master  of  his  lesson 
or  not. 

As  the  method  of  this  little  book  is  entirely  new,  so  far  as 
he  is  aware,  the  author  solicits  for  it,  at  the  hands  of  his 
fellow-teachers,  a  fair  trial.  Without  asking  for  a  suspen- 
sion of  that  law  of  our  nature  which  prompts  us  to  look  upon 
the  new  way  with  suspicion  and  to  stick  to  the  old  beaten 
path,  he  hopes  that,  for  the  sake  of  overtasked  stud 
to  be  found  in  every  school  in  the  land,  this  effort  to  lighten 
their  burden  may  be  auspiciously  received. 

J.  L. 


CONTENTS. 


Page 

[ON 1 


SECTION     I. 

Till  ORIENTAL    MONARCHIES. 

Chapter 

I.    Geographical  Sketch 

II.    Egypt 4 

Historical  Outline 4 

Egyptian  Civilization B 

III.  Ti                           and  BAir,                       ....  7 

Introduction      ........  7 

!  v  Babylonian,  or  Chaldaean,  Kingdom                    .  7 

Assyria 7 

Latex  Babylonian  Kingdom 8 

IV.  The  Hebrews 9 

V.     Tin:  Pikeniciaxs 10 

VI.     The  Hindoos 11 

VII.     The  P                                          12 

lline    .        .               .                       .  12 

<  'ivilization      .......  13 

V 1 1 1                                                                   14 

MICTION     11. 
romr  a* 

I.    i  ,17 


CONTENTS. 


II.     History  of  the  First  Period  :  From  the  Dorian  Mi- 
gration   to    the    beginning    of    the    Persian   Wars, 

1100-500  b.c 18 

Beginnings  of  Greek  History IS 

Growth  of  Sparta  and  Athens 19 

III.  History  of  the  Second  Period  :    From  the  beginning 

of    the   Persian   War  to  the   victory  of   Philip   of 

Macedon  at  Chseronea,  B.C.  500-338     ....  21 

The  Persian  Invasions 21 

The  Age  of  Pericles 22 

The  Peloponnesian  War 23 

Period  of  Spartan  and  Theban  Supremacy     .         .         .23 

IV.  History  of  the  Third  Period  :    From  the  victory  of 

Philip  to  the  absorption  of  Greece  by  the  Romans     .  24 

Supremacy  of  Macedon — Philip 24 

Career  of  Alexander  the  Great 24 

Alexander's  Successors 25 

Later  History  of  Macedon  and  Greece     .         .         .         .25 

V.    Grecian  Civilization 26 

Political  Ideas 26 

Religion 27 

Grecian  Festivals 27 

Greek  Literature  and  Philosophy        ....  28 

Grecian  Art 30 

Greek  Life,  Manners,  etc 30 


SECTION    III. 

HISTORY    OF    ROME. 

I.    Geography  and  Races 31 

II.     Primeval  Rome — Period  of  the  Kings    ...  32 

III.     The  Roman  Republic 32 

Epoch  of  the;  Struggle  for  Existence  ....  33 

Great  Names  of  Early  Rome 33 

Epoch  of  the  Roman  Conquest  of  Italy                .         .  84 


I  Strife 38 





Political  

Bp  flity      ......        -1<J 

. 



SECTION     IV. 

MEDLBVAL    BISTORT. 

Introduction 

I.     The  New  &AGBB 50 

II.     Tiik:  EfiSTOBY 52 

The  Byaantine  Empire 

Italy  down  to  Charlemagne 68 



innings  of  England 64 

ns 64 

III.    Empire  of  Chablemaghb 

iv.    Tin:  Feudal  Stbtkm 

V,    Gbowth  of  the  Papal  Poweb     .... 

VI.     Tin  - GO 

Introduction 60 

Thi  61 

The  Second  Crusade 62 

The  Third  Croaade 

Th<  

. 

VII    <in\ ai  Dm  \y  .       .       .i;i 

VIII.      Civil. iz\ti<>\    in    THE   Ml:  ... 

Th(  

and  Commerce  .       GO 


xii  CONTENTS. 


IX.     Political  Outline  :  From  Charlemagne  to  the  close  of 

the  Middle  Ages 68 

The  German  Empire 68 

France 69 

England 70 

Italy        .  71 

Spain 71 


SECTION    V. 

MODERN    HISTORY. 

I.    Transition  to  Modern  History 74 

Introduction 74 

Fall  of  the  Eastern  Empire 74 

Maritime  Discoveries 75 

The  Revival  of  Learning 76 

Decline  of  Feudalism 76 

Rise  of  Great  Monarchies 77 

II.    Great  Events  of  the  Sixteenth  Century    .        .  77 

Age  of  Charles  V.    .         .         . 77 

England  under  Henry  VIII. 79 

Rise  of  the  Dutch  Republic 81 

Civil  and  Religious  Wars  of  France   ....  82 

Age  of  Queen  Elizabeth 83 

Great  Names  of  the  Sixteenth  Century      ...  85 

III.  Great  Events  of  the  Seventeenth  Century  .        .  86 

England  under  the  Stuarts 86 

The  Thirty  Years' War 90 

The  Age  of  Louis  XIV 92 

Progress  of  Civilization «),r> 

Great  Names  of  the  Seventeenth  Century  ...  97 

IV.  Great  Events  of  the  Eighteenth  Century    .        .  98 

England  under  the  Georges 98 

Prussia  and  Frederick  the  Great 100 

Rise  of  Russia 102 

The  French  Revolution 104 


th  Century       .  .ill 

ii   I  i.vn  i:y  .          .  L18 
and  the  Empire     .        .        .        .        .113 

h  Politics    .        .                .  118 

olnttans  in  French  Politics 120 

Unification  of  Italy 

Etonian  Bmpfc                      128 

Gr»  of  th.'  Nineteenth  Centnij  . 


DIRECTIONS  FOR  USING  THE  BRIEF, 


IN  preparing  his  lesson,  the  pupil  first  notes  the  main 
subject  of  the  paragraph  as  given  in  the  side-head  of 
the  Outlines  of  History,  and  also  in  heavy-faced  type  in  the 
Topical  Brief.  He  then  reads  the  paragraph  in  the  text- 
book attentively,  following  simultaneously  the  analysis  of 
the  same  as  presented  in  the  Brief  In  IT  I.  he  observes 
that  the  main  subject  is  "  History  defined,"  and  that  it 
is  considered  under  two  heads,  viz.,  "  a.  general  "  and  "  b. 
special" — the  former  having  reference  to  "mankind,"  the 
latter  to  "  civilization."  Having  read  the  paragraph,  he  tries 
whether  he  is  able,  with  the  aid  of  the  analysis  alone,  to 
give  a  connected  statement  of  the  substance  of  it.  He 
recites  to  himself  somewhat  in  this  style  : 

"  '  History  defined  ' :— in  a  'general1  sense,  history  is  the  record  of  all  '  man- 
kind;'1 in  a  '  special1  sense,  it  is  the  record  of  those  nations  that  have  contrihuted 
to  'civilization.1  " 

IT  II.  is,  like  *fT  I.,  so  simple  in  its  analysis  as  to  be  easily 
disposed  of.  IT  III.  is  a  little  more  complicated.  The  main 
subject,  "  Aids  to  history,"  is  considered  under  three  gen- 
eral heads,  viz.,  "  a.  various  sciences  ; "  "  b.  lower  stages  ; " 
"c.  our  own  times."  (These  phrases  are  all  taken  from  the 
text,  in  order  to  enable  the  student  to  trace  the  analysis 
readily  as  he  reads.)  Under  the  first  of  these — a — is  a  three- 
fold enumeration:  "  i.  Ethnol.,"  "2.  ArchaeoL,"  and  "3. 
Philol.,"  with  an  explanatory  catch-word  added  to  each,  or 
suggested.  The  second — b — calls  for  a  simple  statement 
merely.  Under  the  third — c — is  given:  "1.  Anthropol.," 
which,  standing  as  a  subordinate  topic  under  "  c.  our  own 
times,"  indicates  that  it  is  considered  with  reference  to 
"  our  own  times  "  ;  and  this  last,  standing  as  a  subordinate 
topic  under  "Aids  to  history,"  indicates  that,  in  the  para- 
graph under  treatment,  "Anthropology"  is  considered  with 
reference  to  "our  own  times,"  as  one  of  the  "aids  to  his- 
tory." Under  "1.  Anthropol,"  the  student  finds  two  sub- 
heads, viz.,  "a.  primeval  races"  and  " b.  savage  tribes," 
indicating  that  it  is  treated  under  those  two  aspects. 


1)1 

;>h  once  i  i  lively  in 

i  with  tin  ,  the  pupil  do 

hims4 

knowl- 
.'  which  treats  of  the 

of  their  ;u: 

:  '     this 

the  maxinei  • 

In  hi  tempt  at  reproducing  the  paragraph  in  hand, 

npil's  discourse  may  be  haltin  lie 

will  dp  better  after  another  perusal  J  and  he  should  not  be 
satisfied  until  he  is  able  to  connect  the  hints  of  his  Brief 
handsomely  and  fluently,  which,  after  some  practice,  he  will 
ble  to  do  with  one  or  two  attentive  perusals.  After 
having  gone  through  the  whole  lesson  in  this  way,  paragraph 
by  paragraph,  he  should  close  his  text-book  and  try  to  recite 
himself  from  the  beginning;  and  he  should 
not  consider  himself  prepared  until  he  can  give  a  connected 
account  of  the  whole  lesson  fluently,  and  without  other 
prompt  than  that  furnished  by  his  Brief. 

In  the  above  imaginary  recitations,  nothing  more  is  at- 
tempted than  to  connect  the  points  of  the  suggestive  analy- 
sis in  simple,  grammatical  language.  This  will  suffice  for 
junior  pupils.  Advanced  students  should  take  a  pride  in 
amplifying  their  discourses,  enriching  them  with  additional 
information  drawn  from  other  sources. 

The  class  being  assembled  for  recitation,  the  teacher  calls 

upon  some  pupil,  who  takes  the  floor,  Brief  in  hand,  and 

is    his    discourse,   the   next   pupil    holding  himself   in 

ike  it  up  on  a  signal  from  the  teacher,  and 

continue  it  without  break. 

In  addi:  s  ordinary  use  as  above  explained,  this 

little  manual  will  be  found  particularly  available  in  reviews. 
According  to  the  degree  of  fullness  with  which  the  topics 

rcises  may  be  made  rapid  and 
comprehensive,  or    minute    and    detailed,   at    the  teacher's 
are. 


OUTLINES    OF    HISTOllY. 


INTRODUCTION. 


1.  History  defined. 

:-.'l— mankind. 
b.  special — civilization. 

2.  Its  relation  to  nations. 

1.   polit 

b.  confines  itself. 
1.  gen.  current 

3.  Aids  to  history. 

1.   BthnoL — t}  | 

ancient 
Philol.—lan 

C.  our  own  tii: 
1.    Anthropol. 
(#.)  primeval  races. 
(b.)  savage  tri 

4.  Difference     between     an- 

thropology and  history. 

a.  nat  hist 

b.  civ. 

5.  The  real  historic  race. 
a.  one  grand  division. 

and  B., 

and  P.,  II..  P.,  <;.,  \i. 
ad  coL 

Milk. 

exceptions  : — ' 
P. 
1.   St) 


6.  Its  three  divisions. 

a.  enumeration. 

1.   A  r van,  or  Indo-European. 
Semitic. 

.'I.    Hamitic. 

b.  linguistic 

7.  The  Aryans. 

a.  we. 

b.  pres.  and  past  of  E.,  viz.,  G., 

I...  <;.  orT..  I 
ft    H.,  P. 

8.  Their  unity,  how  proved. 

a.  fain,  liken • 

1.    Sanscrit — In. 
Zend— P. 

b.  forefathers. 

1.    ancestral  scat. 
i  when  ? 

9.  Semites. 

untrics  : — S.,  A.,  T.  andE. 
}>.   peoples  :     II..  P.,  A..  A. 

10.  Hamites. 
a. 

b.    Q 

11.  Comparison  of  the  races. 
a.  civ.  world. 

1.  . 

(a.)  leading  part. 

. 

(a.)  apart 

— . 

(1.)  one(J.-J..  C.  II 


INTRODUCTION. 


(b.)  conservative  and   sta- 
tionary. 
(1.)  planters. 

(c.)  intellectual. 

(d.)  polit.  f.,  sci.,  etc. 

12.  The  Aryans  in  history. 

a.  springs  of  present  civiliza- 
tion. 
1.  R. 
(a.)  G. 
6.  primitive  age. 

1.  condition. 
C.  inference. 

1.  progress. 

2.  share  in  history. 

13.  Divisions  of  this  book. 

a,  ancient  O.  nations  : — E.,  A. 

— B.,  H.,  P.,  H.,  P. 

b.  G. 

e.  R.  D. 

d.  M.  A. 

e.  modern. 

14.  Chronologic  periods. 

a.  double  division. 

b.  triple  division. 

15.  Nature  of  the  divisions. 

a.  arbitrary. 
1.  why? 

b.  convenience. 

c.  philosophical 


1.  reservoir. 

(a.)  modern  states. 

16.  History  a  unit. 

a.  largest  sense. 

b.  epochs — drama. 
C.  thread. 

d.  "  Through  the  ages,"  etc.  * 


SYNOPSIS  FOR  REVIEW. 

I.  Definition  of  history. 
a.  ,  b.  . 

1.  how  distinguished. 

II.  Aids  to  history. 

1.  how  denned. 

III.  Divisions   of  the   Cauca- 

sian race. 

a.  A.,  or  I-E. 

1.  enumeration. 

b.  S. 

1.  enumeration. 

c.  H. 

1.  enumeration. 

IV.  Divisions  of  history. 

a.  — ,   b.  — ,   c. — ,  d.  — ,  e.  — . 

V.  Chronologic  periods. 

a.  — ,  b.  — .  c.  — . 


*  The  student  is  expected  to  give  in 

full,  the  quotations  occurring  in  abbre- 
viated form,  as  above. 


JRAPHICAL   SKI 


S  E  O  T I O  B     I . 

THE     ANCIENT     ORIENTAL     MONARCHIES. 
PV6  that  the  dates  of  \U\<  lectioo  urc  B.C.] 

(II  A.PTEB     I. 

GEOGRAPHICAL,    SKETCH. 


1.  Oriental  nations. 

1 '  .  A.   and 
I..  P.,  I .,  P. 

2.  Historic  area. 

a.  m 

I  ion. 
snail  part. 

3.  Northern  Asia. 

\ltai. 

ntnjuity. 

4.  Central  Asia. 

li'-iniT  name, 
c.  topographical  character. 
1.  arable  land. 
•  pulntion. 

1.     nun;: 

rt  in  hist. 
•  pt. 

5.  Divisions  of  S.  W.  Asia. 

B 

b.  vail. 

In. 

6.  First  region. 

I     M 

Ph. 


c.  A 
1.  import 

7.  Second  region. 

a.  Ar.— situation. 

b.  As.  proper — situation. 

iluation. 
I   h  — situation. 
>.    Mrs.      situation. 
Bu. — situation. 

8.  Nations  In  second  region. 

.  A. 
l.  absorbed  in  P.,  6th  c  b.c. 

b.   A.'s  sway. 

9.  Eastern  division. 

0.    Iran  : — M. ;   P.  proper  ;  I. 

10.  Civilization  and  geogra- 

phy. 

rliest  nations. 
L   N. 

i     and  E. 

bond.  f.  t' 
8   tin-  three  b  e 

rdingly. 

11.  Cradle  of  nations. 
(i.  probably  h  I 

1.  pn 

nditions. 

■  nt. 

(c.)  philol 


'ZE2J  V    ORIENTAL    MONARCHIES. 


12.  Province  of  history. 

a.  birth  of  the  race. 
1.  rev.  and  sci. 

b.  beginning  of  records. 

13.  Earliest  historic  theater. 
a.  venerable  figures — 23d  c.  B.C. 

1.  N. 

2.  C. 


CHAPTER    II. 

EGYPT. 

Historical  Outline. 

14,  15.  Antiquity  of  Egypt. 

a.  oldest  history. 

1.  monuments,  etc. 
(a.)  C.  and  I. 

b.  why  a  prim.  seat. 

1.  favoring  condition. 

16-18.  Physical  Geography. 

a.  the  great  river. 

1.  "Gift  of  the  Nile." 

2.  sources. 

3.  overflow. 

b.  food-plants. 

1.  spontaneous. 

2.  cereals. 

(a.)  dhourra. 
(b.)  storehouse. 

c.  effect  on  the  people. 

1.  increase. 

2.  Diodorus  Siculus — 19th  c. 
(a.)  twenty  drachmas. 

19.  Old   sources   of   informa- 

tion. 

a.  G.  historians. 

1.  Herodotus* — 5th  c.  b.  c. 

b.  Manetho— 3d  c.  B.C. 

20.  New  sources  of  informa- 

tion. 

a.  discovery. 

1.  hiero. 

*"F.ofH."— 484  B.C. 

a.  Halicarnnssu-. 
1.  Caria  (a.m.). 


(a.)  meaning. 
(b.)  key  lost. 

21.  Deciphering  of  the  hiero- 

glyphics. 
a.  engineer. 

1.  "Rosetta  stone." 
(a.)  three  texts. 
(1.)  Greek. 
(2.)  h. 

(3.)  demotic. 
(b.)  secret,  how  disclosed? 
Note. — The  Rosetta  stone. 

a.  Ptolemy  Epiphanes,  196  B.C. 
1.  line  of  G.  sov. — 4th  c.  to 

1st  c.  B.C. 

b.  command — why? 

c.  first  clue — oval  rings. 

1.  proper  names. 

2.  Ptol.  and  Cleopatra. 

3.  letter-signs. 

d.  Coptic. 

e.  Champollion. 

22.  Egyptian  race. 

a.  African. 

b.  Caucasian — Hamites,  or  K.* 
1.  resemblance  to  C. 

(a.)  b.  instinct. 
(b.)  language. 
(c.)  inference. 

(1.)  P.  Gulf. 

(2.)  before  hist.  t. 

23.  Beginning  of  Egypt's  his- 

tory. 

a.  hidden. 

b.  Abraham,  20th  c.  B.C. 

1.  a  flourishing  m. 

2.  Great  P. 

(a.)  Fourth  D.— 25th  c.  B.C. 
(b.)  inference. 

c.  26  dy. 

1.  Menes  to  P.  conq.,  Oth  C. 
B.C. 

d.  3906  B.C.;  2700  B.C. 

e.  correct  to  say. 


*  native  name. 
a.  literally. 


rrr. 


24.  The  three  periods. 

&  the  !!• 

25.  First  Period. 

B.C.— 620  y. 
55th  c 

1.  era  of  whoml 

of  H.) 
•  < '. 

3.  U 

4.  arts  of  life, 

5.  Sep.  king. 

(b.)  Shepherd  K.,  or  II. 

26.  Second  Period. 

a.  2080  B.C.— 1525  B.C.— about 

5  c. 

1.  nom. — Syria  or  A. 

2.  <•• 

b.  1900  B.C. — darkest  period. 

Abraham,  1990  B 
d.  Jacob,  i  T  *  m  ;  b.c. 

27.  Third  Period. 

revival. 

b.  i:  :.c— 1000  y. 

28.  The  grand  age— 3  c. 

rheban  prince. 

1.  reward. 

c.  1620  n.c—  1200  B 

mple-palfl 

2.  for  ex.:— E 

d.  Ram< 


y — 6  c 


29.  The  age  of  decay- 

b    <  i:.C. 

1.     ! 

d.  Ptol.— for 

l.  < 

«.    Roinai  30  B.C. 


Egyptian  Civilization. 

30.  Government. 
<i.   h.  in. 

•solutism. 
priests. 

(6.)  law. 

right  to  enact. 

31-35.  Caste. 

it? 
b.  divisions. 

1.  prhrile 

(a.)  sacerdotal . 

(1.)  richest,  etc. 

-many  occ. 

(3.)  exclusively. 

(4.)  ascendency— rel.  rit. 
(b.)  military. 

(1.)  400,000. 

(2.)  61  a.— tax. 

(3.)  art  or  trade. 

2.  lower  castes — hus.,  artif., 

herds. 
(a.)  lowest — tempi 
(b.)  pol.  rights — land. 
(1.)  rented  from  k. — one- 
fifth. 
C.  efT 

1.   prog. ;  per.  amb. ;  unif. 

36.  Population. 

a.  five. 

b.  incr< 

1.  why? 

c.  public  works. 

37.  Cities. 

0,000  (HA 
h.   \ 

1.    tw 

nt  condition. 
teh. 

3.  P.,  S.,  tombs. 

1.  rank. 

k  and  Luxor. 

(a.)  g 

38.  39.  Architecture. 
a.  advai  net. 


ANCIENT  ORIENTAL  MONARCHIES. 


b.  distinguishing  feature. 
1.  aven.  of  spn.,  etc. 

c.  pyramids. 

1.  purpose. 

2.  most  celebrated. 

3.  70— M. 

4.  450—764—13. 

5.  second  ;  third. 

6.  1600  tons. 

7.  2000— 3  y. 

40.  Sculpture. 

a.  character. 

b.  peculiarity. 

1.  explanation — fettered. 

41.  Painting. 

a.  character. 

1.  frescoes,  bril.,  etc. 
(a.)  drawing. 

b.  fettered. 

1.  prescribed  colors. 

42.  Writing. 

a.  extent  of  practice. 

1.  inscription. 

2.  every  object. 

b.  material. 

1.  "paper" 

2.  2000  B.C. 

43.  44.  Religion. 

a.  grand  conceptions. 
1.  — .     2.  — . 

b.  various  forms. 

1,  symbols. 

2.  obj.  of  w. 
C.  every  day. 

d.  Osiris  and  Isis. 

e.  worship   of  animals — strik- 

ing p. 

1.  general. 

2.  special. 

3.  highest  hon< 

4.  care  of  sacred  animals. 
(a.)  ibis  or  hawk. 

5.  extension  owing  to. 

6.  effect. 

45.  Embalming. 
a.  connected  with. 


b.  reason. 

c.  sepulchers,  why  ornamented. 

46.  Arts  and  manufactures. 
a.  adepts. 

precious  stones,  etc. 
flax  ;   metals  ;   walls  and  c, 
use  and  or. 

Science. 

extent, 
nature. 
1.  fact. 
(a.)  Pythagoras. 
(1.)  demonstration, 
astronomy. 
1.  Chaldaeans. 
geometry. 

Summary. 

a.  great  char. 

1.  seen  in  what? 

2.  mummy. 


b. 
c. 

47. 
a. 
b. 


48 


CHRONOLOGIC  SUMMARY.* 

I.  First  Period. 

a.  beg.  of  E.  hist. 

b.  P.-builders. 

c.  Hyksos. 

II.  Second  Period. 

a.  Hyksos. 

1.  complete  sub. 

b.  Abraham. 

c.  Jacob. 

d.  expul.  of  H. 

III.  Third  Period. 

a.  revival. 

b.  most  bril.  cent. 

c.  Exodus. 

d.  Cambyses. 

*  It,  is  recommended  that  the  dates 

Of  this  and  the  following  summaries— 
or,  tho  most  important  of  them,  at  any 
placed  upon  the  hoard,  and 
the  student  required  to  connect  them 
rapidly  with  their  appropriate  events. 
An  occasional  drill  of  this  kind  will 
preatly  facilitate  the  work  of  fixing 
these  important  historical  landmarks  in 
the  Btadent'l  memory. 


THE  M>    HA/lVLi 


IV    Latei  events. 


C  II  A  PT  BB      III. 

THE     ASSYRIANS     AND 
BABYLONIANS. 

Introduction. 

49.    50.    Antiquity    of    Chal- 
daean  civilization. 
compared  with  EC. 
J8d  c.  b.c. 
antedate. 
b.  Bible  record! 
l    commencement 

r,  i.  &  M. 
Babel. 
Babylonian  tradition. 

51.  Topographical. 

highlands  of  Armenia. 

L150. 

52.  Geographical  divisions. 
<t.  territorial. 

l    lies.;  Shi. 
Jhal 

na. 
b.  political. 
l.  Babylonia. 

53.  The  three  nations. 

I  .  K 

c  later  B  EL 

54.  Modern  research. 

mow.  enlar 
b.  buried  dti< 

1.  i 


Early  Babylonian,  or  Chaldaean 
Kingdom. 

55.  Physical  description. 

a.  age  ;  locality. 

b.  fertility. 
1.  wheat. 

&  date-palm,  etc. 

56.  Earliest  history. 
a.  united  kingdom. 

1.    Xinirod. 

I  <  t  rapolis  :  —  B. ;    Erech  ; 
Aecad  ;  Calneh. 
(a.)  identified. 

57.  Astronomy. 

a.  worship. 

b.  what  led  to  study. 

is.-rvatimis.  l'.» 
B.C. 

58.  Architecture. 

a.  Babel. 

b.  rude  material. 

1.  design. 

2.  sfc 

59.  Other  arts. 

Letters    character. 
1.  stamped  bricks. 

«'111S. 

ft    metals. 

<l.  fabri 

•  ships  of  I 

60.  Ur. 

b.  Abraham,  2000  i 

1.  why  an 

61.  Decline  of  Chaldaea. 

la,  loth  c, 

Assyria. 

62.  Early  history. 

.  people  of  C. 
upper  T. 

advanced  rapidly. 


s 


ANCIENT  ORIENTAL  MONARCHIES. 


2.  imp.  power. 
(a.)  625  B.C. 

63.  Two  periods  of  Assyria. 

a.  1250-745  b.c. 

1.  Tiglath-pileser  II. 

b.  745-625  6.0. 
1.  fall  of  N. 

64.  Chief  events. 

a.  first  period. 

1.  T.-p.  I.,  1130  B.C.— char- 

acter. 

2.  Asshur-idanni-pal. 
(a.)  Sardanapalus. 
(b.)  winged  bulls,  etc. 

(1.)  Calah. 

3.  "  era  of  Nabonassar,"  747 

B.C. 

b.  second  period. 

1.  T.-p.  II.,   745  B.C.— char- 

acter. 

2.  Sargon  and  Shalmaneser 

IV. 

3.  Sennacherib,  705-681  B.C. 
(a.)  golden  age. 

65.  Extent  of  the  Empire. 

a.  B.,  M.,  M.,  S.,  P.,  P.,  A.,  E. 

b.  subject  states. 

1.  local  self -gov. 

2.  horn,  and  trib. 

66.  Cause  of  decay. 

a.  bundle. 

b.  revolts,  etc. 

67.  Closing  events. 

a.  rebellion  of  B. 

b.  fall  of  N,  625  B.C. 

1.  Cy  ax  ares. 

2.  Nabopolassar. 

68.  Nineveh  described. 

a.  compar.  with  mod.  cities. 

b.  60  m. 

c.  Mosul. 

d.  rapid  disappearance 
1.  Alex. 

69.  70.  Assyrian  civilization. 
a.  genius  took  what  form? 


b.  inferior  to  C.  and  E. 

c.  architecture. 

d.  sculpture. 

1.  compared  with  G.  and  E. 

2.  grandeur,  etc. 

e.  the  arts — skill. 

1.  glass — lenses. 
(a.)  cut.  g. 

2.  arch. 

(a.)  tunnels,  etc. 
8.  mechanical  powers. 

4.  inlaying,  etc, ,  with  met. 

5.  compared  with  moderns. 

Later  Babylonian  Kingdom. 

71.  Political  situation  of  Bab- 

ylon. 

a.  eclipse. 

b.  spirit  of  indep.  ■ 

c.  N.'s  share  of  spoil. 

72.  Duration. 

a.  625-538  B.C.— 87  y. 

b.  Persia. 

73    Nebuchadnezzar,  43  y. 

a.  height  of  glory. 

b.  wars. 

1.  Tyre. 

2.  Jerusalem. 

c.  B.  rebuilt. 
1.  boast. 

74.  Babylon. 

a.  size — London. 

b.  walls,  338  >  ^. 

1.  towers  and  brazen  gates. 

c.  pal.  and  hang.  g. 
1.  queen. 

75.  Later  kings. 
a.  Nabonadius. 

1 .  Belshazzar. 

76.  Persian  conquest. 

(I.    (  THIS. 

1.  Medes. 
:    588  B.C. 

(a.)  B.  diverted. 


THE  EEBR1 


77.  Later  history. 

;>it;il. 

tenants. 

78.  Babylonian  culture. 

b.  "  wisdom  and  Learnii 
nomy  :  mathenu 

79.  Commerce. 

b.  looms— r.  and  m. 

I  .  1\;  farE. 


CHRONOLOGIC    SUMMARY. 

date  in  ('.  hist. 
,1>.  and  A.  ind. 

p  1. 
of  N. 
A.  revival — T.- 

r  I!   king. 
OH. 
Cyrus. 


II. 


(II  A  PTEB    IV. 

THE    HEBREWS. 

80.  Sacred  history. 

81.  The  race. 

inamen  of  I 

1.  wl 

b. 

1.    "  prom.  1."— 20th  r.  . 

82.  Jewish  nationality 

Saul. 
b.  second  peiii 


•  ■na  ration. 
0,  third  period,  '.'i" 
i    B  captivity. 

^G-63  B.C. 
tome* 

83.  First  Period. 

a.  theocracy. 

1..  high  priest 

b.  "Judges.'1 

1.  revelation. 

2,  honors  of  royalty. 

e,  SamueL 

84,  85.   Second  Period. 

united  m— )J 

b.  - 

r.    I>.  (son-in-law)—  rank. vl> 


d. 


1.  JernsaL 

2.  extent  of  s\vay.^vcv 

Philistines, 


\<i.)    iniiisunes,  eie. 

S.  (son-,  1015  v.dJLotc^     ■ 


1.  rank    of    tl.  rela- 

tions. 

2.  wifew^*  t>  ^^. .- 

86,  87.   Third  Period. 

a.  character./^  <yU-^- 

b.  revolt.'      y  ^?^4 
lisnnion.)                           A*  . 

1.  i 

2.  .' 

d.  k.  of  Israel— 260  y.  / 

1.  captivity,  721  B, 
S        <»n. 
0.  1;.  of  Jndah. 

1.  captivity,  586  B.C. 

:<)y. 

tion,  536  B.C. 
rus. 

88.  Fourth  Period. 

a.    x 

1.  satrapy. 

-100  y. 

!lt. 

Philadelphus. 


10                ANCIENT  ORIENTAL  MONARCHIES. 

4.  revolt,  1G6  B.C. 

95.  Planting  of  colonies. 

5.  Pompey,  63  B.C. 

a.  origin  and  motive. 

6.  .disobed.  sub. 

1.  market. 

(a.)  Titus,  70  a.d. 

2.  carrying-trade. 

89.  Summary. 
a.  150x50. 

3.  noticeable  contrast. 
b.  effect. 

b.  compar.  polit.  import. 

c.  contrib.  to  anc.  civ. 

1.  prosperity. 

(a. )  how  secured  ? 

90.  Mission  of  the  Jews. 

2.  civil  liberty. 

a.  spiritual  and  moral. 

96.  Alphabet. 
a.  first  per. 

1.  bards  and  sages. 

(a.)  Old  Test. 

b.  importance. 

c.  Egyptians. 

1.  phonetic. 

CHRONOLOGIC   SUMMARY. 

2.  sev.  hun. 

Abraham. 

Exodus. 

Monarchy. 

Captiv.  of  Is. 
Bab.  captiv. 
Return 

d.  B.  and  A. 

1.  cuneiform. 
(a.)  syllables. 

e,  P. 

1.  one  char,  to  one  sound. 

2.  period. 

Solomon. 
Division. 

Alex. 
Rome. 

/.  chain  of  indebtedness. 

CHAPTEE    V. 

97.  Cadmus. 

a.  Pliny. 

THE    PHOENICIANS. 

1.  16. 

91.  Interest  of  their  history. 

2.  Palamedes — 4. 

a.  importance. 

(a.)  T.  war. 

b.  territory. 

3.  Simonides — 4. 

1.  Lebanon. 

b.   "  the  East." 

c.  civilization. 

98.  Origin  of  the  Phoenicians. 

92.  Traders  and  colonizers. 

a.  darkness. 

a.  priority. 

b.  Semites. 

1.  subseq.  rivals. 

1.  native  seat. 

Of.)  1000  B.C.—  Mgean,  etc. 

c.  from  C. 

{b.)  already  there. 

1.  Canaanites. 

93.  Carthage,  9th  c.  B.C. 

d.  ties  of  f.  with  J. 

1.  Hiram,  friend  of  D.  and  S. 

a.  fame. 

b.  Hannibal. 

99.  Nature  of  the  nation. 

94.  Extent  of  settlements. 

a.  sev.  states. 

a.  "  Pil.of  H." — (modern  name.) 

b.  Gades— (modern  name). 

1.  when  unit( 
b.  chief  cities— S.,  T. 

c.  Cornwall. 

1.   more  ancient. 

1.  quest. 

2.  most  flourishing  till  1050 

<1   A.  and  P.  (iulfs. 

B.C. 

1.  1.,  Ceylon,  A. 

100.  Commerce  of  Tyre,  1050 

everal  cent 

uries  before. 

B.C. 

THE  ir/XDOOS. 


II 


1 .    w  i 

iphir. 

1.     wl 

of  S. 

i    purple. 

-bronzes, 

101.  Checkered     political    his- 

tory. 
L— 0th  c. 

L — Neb.— 7th  <•. 

an.-  6th  c.  r..< . 
ttli  a  b.c. 

102.  General  survey. 

•  iod. 

&.  m 

l.  G  and  C. 

Li  via  B. 

Uex, 

103.  Their  part  in  history. 

l.  <;.  and  L. 

markable  fact. 
1.  kinship  with  II. 
c.  compared  with  B. 
1.  learning,  etc. — adapt 
compared  with  <«.  and  L. 
1.   polit  instinct. 

:  dominion. 
c.  "qniet 

.!. 

104.  Their  civilization. 

a.  material. 

b.  t!  lifin. 

dph 

8,    !• 

bird  drop] 


(II  a  PTEB    VI. 

THE    HINDOOS. 

105.  Asiatic  Aryans. 
a.  — ,  b.  — . 

106.  First  seat  of  the  Aryans. 

a.  forefat] 

1.    W.  Asia. 

side  by  ride. 

b.  all  inn 

l.  like  <•.,  L, 
r.  Oxus  and  Jaxartes. 

107.  Migration. 

a.  n.w    I..  8000 B.C. 

1.  bet.  In.  and  Jumna. 

fia. 
n.  of  Vindva. 

108.  Amalgamation. 

a.  natives  of  I. 

1.  Bnbdned. 

2.  Intermixed. 

b.  identity  1" 

1.  explains)  what? 
(a.)  advances    in     lit.    and 

phil. 
(6.)  stationary. 

I  i tli  Persians. 

109.  Alexander's  visit. 

a.  first  notice,  826  B.C. 

b.  looked  into. 

c.  historians. 

1.  remarkable     corrcspond- 

110.  Castes. 

Sgypt. 
I>.  present  day. 
e.  divisions  of  society. 
l.   Brahmins. 

&   Kahati 

4.   B 


12 


ANCIENT  ORIENTAL  MONARCHIES. 


5.  Pariah. 

d.  every  person. 

e.  intermarriage. 

111.  Origin  of  caste. 

a.  conquering  A. 

b.  varna. 

112.  Sanscrit  speech. 

a.  formerly. 

b.  now. 

1.  Brahmins,  etc. 

c.  its  study  by  E. 

1.  when? 

2.  result. 

(a.)  Indo-Eur.  (A.). 

d.  remarkable  likeness. 
1.  parent  ;  nearest. 

e.  highly  developed. 

113.  Literature. 

a.  vast  body. 

1.  present  day. 

b.  Vedas,  2000  B.C.— what? 

114.  Religion. 

a.  "one  unknown  true,"  etc. 

b.  "not  conceivable,"  etc. 
C.  pantheism     what? 

1.  "in  him,"  etc. 

2.  "all  that  exists,"  etc. 
d.  three  forms. 

1.  Brah.,  the  c. 

2.  Vish.,  the  p. 

3.  Si.,  the  d. 

115.  Doctrine    of    transmigra- 

tion. 
a.  central  point — explain. 

1.  punishment. 

2.  reunion  with  D.  S. 

3.  prayer,  etc 

(a.)  what  if  neglected  ? 

116.  Other  writings. 
a.  prose  and  poetry. 

1.  translations. 

2.  worth. 

3.  popular  appreciation. 

117.  Architecture. 
a.  remains. 


b.  rock-hewn  t.  and  g. 

1.  Ellora — L.  India. 

2.  Elephanta— Bombay. 

3.  labor  required. 

118.  Buddhism,  6th  c.  B.C. 

a.  Gautauma. 

b.  grew  out  of  what  ? 

c.  importance. 

d.  spread. 

e.  at  present. 

119.  Commerce. 

a.  center  of  trade. 
1.  pearls,  etc. 

b.  Phoenicians. 

c.  Ital.  repub. — when? 

d.  course  of  trade. 

1.  Arabia,  etc. 

2.  C.  of  G.  H.— V.  da  G. 

when? 


CHAPTER    VII. 

THE    PERSIAN    EMPIRE. 
Historical  Outline. 

120.  Connection  of  Media  and 

Persia. 

a.  same  race. 

b.  absorbed. 

121.  Origin  of  the  races. 
a.  Iran — Zagros. 

5.   immigrants. 

c.  8th  c.  B.C. 

122.  123.  Early  Medes. 

a.  Sargon,  710  B.C. 
1.  colonies. 

(a.)  Israelites. 

b.  Cyaxares,  033  B.C. 

1.  Nineveh,  <i25  b.c. 

2.  Asia  Minor. 

c.  Astyages. 
1.   1\ 

(a.)  Cyrus  the  G. 

124,  125.  Early  Persians. 
a.  subject. 


EMPIRE. 


18 


l.  Gambj 

tribute 

able. 

(1.)  current  story. 

126    Conquests  of  Cyrus— 29  y. 
B.C. 
'.<Ha. 

c.  Croesus. 

rdis, 
&   ft 

ipe, 

4.   overthrow,  .*).*i4  B.C. 
B    aIi  n  son. 

d.  G  ]  col. 

e.  :  ">40  b.c. 

1.  Indus— Par.,    Bac,    Sog., 

/.  B,  588B.O. 

127.  Extent  of  his  empire. 

a.  In    to  II.;  J.  to  S. 

b.  work  left  to  successors. 

128.  Character  of  Cyrus. 

sign. 

b.  as  a  soldier. 

c.  as  a  man. 
129  Cambyses. 

lis. 
1.   1 
b.  1 
1.  C.B  behavior  there. 
unenitus. 

B  1  f . 

130.  Revolution. 

ian. 

1.  (' 

b.  Smer<; 

2.  Darius,  son  of  Ilystaspes. 

131.  Reign  of  Darius  I. 
a   surname  ;  rank. 


b.    W  kted  to  tli: 

r.  credit  entitled  to. 
l.  two  cental 

132.  Organization   of    his   gov- 

ernment. 
"satrapies." 

1.  native  trih.  kings. 

2.  P.  officials. 

b.  fixed  tribal 

c.  u  royal  roads." 
1.  posts. 

d.  centers. 

1.  Susa. 

2.  Ecbatana. 

3.  B. 

133.  Relations  with  Greece. 

a.  interesting  event. 

1.  G.  cities  of  Ionia. 

ura  (red  by  A. 

2.  Marathon,  490  B.C. 

b.  history  interwoven. 

Persian  Civilization. 

134.  Persian  character. 

a.  *  Aryan/ 

1 .  explain  term. 

b.  hardy  m. 

1.  war  ;     manners  ;    habits  ; 
wine  ;  luxuries. 

c.  Intellectuality. 

1.  pa  md  art. 

2,  prot<.r> 

d.  deterioration. 

1.  conquests  when? 

135.  Architecture. 

a.  pupils. 

1.  many  centuries. 

b.  adapted. 

c.  new  style. 

1    compared  with  E.  and  A. 

2.  compared  with  G. 

0.  P< 

1.  di  •  ures. 

i  platforms  ;  staircases  ; 
columns. 


14 


ANCIENT  ORIENTAL  MONABCBIEJS. 


136.  Arts. 

a.  rank. 

1.  boast. 

b.  domestic  manufac. 

1.  carpets  and  m.  of  B.  and  S. 

2.  s.  of  C.  and  I. 

3.  fine  1.  of  E. 

4.  varied  man.  of  P. 


E.,  A.,  B,  P. 


137.  Religion. 

a.  compared  with  E., 

b.  primitively. 
1.  "  Lord  God  of  heaven." 

c.  early  change. 

1.  perpetual  conflict. 
(a.)  Ormazd. 
(6.)  Ahriman. 

138.  Fire  worship. 

a.  further  corruption. 

1.  M.  had  learned  from  S. 

b.  Magianism  (priests). 
1.  altars  where  ? 

(a.)  kindled  how  ? 
(6.)  magic. 

139.  Theory  of  government. 

a.  advance. 
1.  how? 

b.  rank. 

140.  Literature. 

a.  extent. 

b.  remains. 

c.  Zend-Avesta. 

1.  what? 

2.  Zoroaster. 
(a.)  who? 

d.  Shah  Nameh — mid.  10th  c. 

A.D. 

1.  Firdousi. 
(a.)  who? 

2.  value. 

6.  rank  of  P.  poetry. 

1.  compared  with  Q. 
(a.)  creative  imag. 

2.  compared  with  H. 
(a.)  grand  insp. 


CHRONOLOGIC  SUMMARY. 


Cyaxares. 
Cyrus. 
Lydia. 
Babylon. 


Cambyses. 
Egypt. 
Darius  H. 
Greece. 


CHAPTEE    VIII. 

COMMERCE     OP     THE 
ANCIENTS. 

141.  Ancient    commercial    na- 
tions. 
a.  anterior  to  Gr. 

1.  — ,  2.  — ,  3.  — . 

142-144.  Babylonian  trade. 

a.  favorable  situation. 

b.  embraced  what  ? 

1.  exchange  ;  purchase. 

c.  manufactures. 

1.  useful. 

(a.)  cot.,  w.,  car. 

2.  luxury. 

(a.)  perf.  w.,  w.-c,  prec.  s. 

3.  sought  after. 

d.  land-routes. 

1.  P.  and  N.  I. 

(a.)  g.,  pr.  st.,  dye-stuffs. 

2.  Candahar  and  Cashmere. 
(a.)  fine  w. 

3.  Bactria  (Cobi). 
(a.)  emer.,  jas.,  etc. 

e.  sea-routes. 

1.  In.  and  Ceylon. 
(a.)  timber. 

(b.)  sug.,  spi.,  cin.,  pearl. 

2.  Bahrein-. 
(a.)  finest  p. 

145-151.  Phoenician  trade. 

a.  rank. 

b.  consisted  in  what  ? 

1.  fabrics  of  S. 

2.  purples  of  T. 

c.  land-routes. 

1.  Arabian,  including  E.  and 
In. 


COMMERCE  OF  THE  ANCIENTS. 


15 


2.  Babylonian,   including  C. 

A.  and  N.  I. 

3.  Armenian,    including     S. 

and  C.  countries, 
(a.)  Ezekiel : — Javan,  i.e. — 
Tubal  and  Meshech, 
i.  e. — . 
(1.)  per.  of  m. ;  ves.  of  b. 
(&.)  Togannah,  i.  e. — . 
(1.)  h.,  etc. 

d.  Arabia  and  the  Levant. 

1.  Yemen  (A.  Felix). 
(a.)  frankincense,  etc. 

(1.)  gold  from  A. 

2.  Judea  and  Syria. 

3.  why    close  alliance  with 

J.  k.? 

e.  eastern  trade. 
1.  Syrian  d. 

(a.)  Baalbec. 
(b.)  Palmyra. 
/.  Scythian  trade. 

1.  corresponds  to  what  now  ? 
(a.)  Bokhara. 

2.  G.  colonies  on  the  E. 

3.  Indian. 

(a.)  Bactra  (Balkh). 
(b.)  Marcanda  (Samarcand). 
(c.)  C.  sea. 
(d.)  caravans. 
g.  maritime  trade. 

1.  Mediterranean. 

(a.)  M.  great  highway. 
(&.)  Spain. 

(1.)  rank  in  pr.  met. 

(2.)  Tarshish,  i.  e.— "all 
kinds,"  etc.  (Ez.). 
(c.)  Cornwall. 

(1.)  for  what? 
(d.)  prob.  to  P. 

(1.)  for  what? 

2.  eastern  seas. 

(a.)  In.,  A.,  is.  of  C. 

3.  Cape  of  G.  H. 

(a.)  Pharaoh  Necho. 
(b.)  why  no  import,  results. 
(1.)  B.   conquest,    6th  c. 


152-154.  Carthaginian  trade. 

a.  manufactures. 

1.  fine  chard.,  pot.,  leather h. 

b.  land-trade. 

1.  with  whom?  how? 

2.  chief  imports. 

c.  maritime  trade. 

1.  Mediterranean. 

(a.)  G.  col.  in  S.  and  s.  I. 

(1.)  exchanges. 
(b.)  S.— the  El  D.  of  antiq. 
(c.)  monopoly   of   what 

trade? 
(d.)  tin  and  amber. 

2.  African. 

(a.)  col.  in  Mor.  and  Fez. 
(&.)  Cerne  (Snana)* 

(1.)  light  barks, 
(e.)  exchanges. 

(1.)  trinkets,  saddlery,  c. 
goods,  pot.,  arms. 

(2.)  h.  and  i. 
(d)  Guinea  and  beyond. 


SYNOPSIS  FOR  REVIEW. 

I.  Nations  treated  of. 

a. — ,  b. — ,  c. — ,  d. — ,  e. — ,  /.— 

II.  Classification  of  Races. 

a.  A.,  or  I.E. 
1.—,  2.—. 

b.  S. 

l._  2.-,  3.-. 

c.  H. 

1.—,  2.—. 

III.  Place  in  history. 

a.  Egyptians — leading  H. 

1.  developed  how? 

2.  conquering? 

3.  building. 

4.  mech.  arts. 

5.  sciences. 

6.  character  of  civil. 


*  Hanno(570B.c). 

a.  60  ships  and  30,000  c. 

b .  chain  of  6  col . 

c.  between  G.  and  C. 


16 


ANCIENT  ORIENTAL  MONARCHIES. 


b.  Chaldseans — allied  to  E. 

1.  building. 

2.  ast. 

3.  civ.  mater. 

c.  Assyrians — al.  pure  S. 

1.  conquering? 

2.  sway. 

(a.)  Media  to  E. 

3.  fine  arts — sculpture. 

d.  Babylonians  (Later  k.). 

1.  under  Assyria. 
(a.)  importance. 

2.  independent. 
(a.)  87  y. 

3.  advances  in  c,  m.,  a. 

e.  Hindoos— pure  A. 

1.  remarkable. 

(a.)  contem.  and  mys.  spec. 

2.  literature. 
(a.)  Sanscrit. 

(1.)  comparative  antiq. 

3.  political  influence. 
(a.)  Alex.,  326  B.C. 

/.  Hebrews — pure  S. 

1.  "p.  p." 

2.  influence. 
(a.)  political. 
(6.)  religious. 

(1.)  monotheism. 
(2.)  great  legacy. 

3.  art. 

g.  Phoenicians— pure  S. 

1.  pre-eminence. 
(a.)  trade. 

(6.)  col. 
(1.)  Med. 

2.  legacy. 

h.  Persians— pure  A. 

1.  approach  to  E.  civil. 
(a.)  idea  of  pol.  organ. 

2.  conquering? 

3.  period  of  greatness. 

(a.)  C.  to  A.,  558-331  B.C. 

4.  art — ar.  and  s. 

IV.  Chronologic  Summary. 
a.  Egypt. 

1 .  beg.  of  auth.  hist. 


2.  Persians. 

3.  Romans. 

b.  Chaldaea  (Early  B.). 

1.  first  date. 

2.  absorption. 

c.  Assyria. 

1.  becomes  great. 

2.  overthrow. 

d.  Babylonia. 

1.  era  of  N. 

2.  Nabopolassar. 

3.  overthrow. 

e.  India. 

1 .  immigra.  of  Brah.  Aryans 

2.  Alex. 
/.  Palestine. 

1.  Abraham. 

2.  exodus. 

3.  Solomon. 

4.  Israel  and  Judah. 

5.  captiv.  to  A. 

6.  captiv.  to  B. 

7.  return. 

8.  Rome. 
g.  Phoenicia. 

1.  leading  city-state. 

2.  Assyrians. 

3.  Carthage. 

4.  Tyre  cap. 

5.  Romans. 
h.  Persia. 

1.  founding  of  mon. 

2.  Cambyses. 

3.  Empire  organized. 

4.  Xerxes. 

5.  overthrow. 

V.  General  Summary. 

a.  great  feature  of  all. 

1.  explanation — free  play. 
(a.)  despotisms. 
(b.)  castes. 
(c.)  polygamy. 

b.  wonderful  beginnings. 

1.  where? 

2.  who  carry  forward  ? 
(a.)  free  soil  of  E. 


VERAL   SKETCH. 


17 


SECTION     II. 

HISTORY     OF     GREECE. 

[Observe  that  the  dates  of  this  section  are  B.C.] 

CHAPTEB    J. 

GENERAL    SKETCH. 


1.   Subject  stated. 
grei     I  .      b.  of  a. 
l.  "  glory,"  etc.,"  grandeur," 

l>.  period  of  history, 

1.  down  lull — a.d.  476. 

1.  Contrast  with  Oriental  his- 

tory. 

a.  Orient  presents  what? 
1.   individual  freedom. 

b.  E.  presents  what  v 
1.    rightfl  of  man. 

c.  dynasties :  people. 

d.  relative  interest  and  value. 

2.  The  Greek  race. 

.,  or  I.-E. 
1.  Encludi 
b.  how  related  to  1*. 

1.  one  swarm,  2000  B.C. 

2.  kept  together. 

8.  final  settles  i 

3.  Hellas. 

1.   B 
b.  Lncludi 

4.  Physical  features — two  facts. 

a.  isl.  and  p. — b.  and  in. 
1.  explains  w). 

<  Mental  <-ivil. 
I  P. 

b.  rid 

"US 


5.  Extent. 

ISO  x  180—  State  of  M. 

6.  Divisions. 

a.  Northern. 

1.  G.  of  Malis. 

2.  Ambracian  G.  (Actium). 

b.  Central. 

1.  Corinth. 
C.  Southern. 
1.  Peloponnesus. 
(a.)  modern  name. 

7.  Northern  Greece — 2. 

a.  T.  and  E. 

b.  M. 

1.  later  times. 

8.  Central  Greece — 11. 

a.  enumeration. 

L  Meg.,  At.,  Boa.,  Pho.,  W. 
ir. ,  JBnia- 
nia.  Dor.,  Mai.,  K. 

b.  most  important. 
1.    foreland. 

I  ;    80. 

pen,  char. 

4.  capital — rank. 

9.  Southern  Greece,  or  P. — 7. 

a.  enumeration. 

1.   Cor.,  r    L., 

Mi  li.,  Arc. 

b.  most  Important. 
1.  capital — rank. 

10.  Isles  of  Greece. 

a.  Eu.— 100  m. 

b.  Cor. 


18                               II1ST0RY  OF  GREECE. 

c.  Cr.— 150  m. 

16.  Homeric  Greece. 

d.  iEgean  archipelago. 

a.  best  sources  of  information. 

1.  By. 

1.  11.  and  Odyssey. 

2.  Spo. 

b.  features  of  society. 

11.  Pelasgi,  2000  B.C. 

1.  kingly  gov. 

2.  predom.  of  tribe. 

a.  race. 

3.  king's  council. 

1.  tillage. 

2.  walled  cities. 

4.  assembly. 

(a.)  to  receive  com. 

b.  Cyclopean  remains. 
1.  tombs  and  walls. 

(b.)  to  witness  t. 
(c. )  what  authority  ? 

12.  Hellenes  (prehistoric). 

5.  women. 

a.  Thessaly. 

6.  slavery. 

b.  overwhelmed  the  P. 

7.  wars. 

c.  gave  name  to  what '( 

(a.)  virtues  most  esteemed. 

d.  divisions  : — Do.,  iEo.,  Ach., 

8.  religion. 

Io. 

(a.)  poly,  and  fate. 

(b.)  priestly  char. 

13.  Legendary  age. 

(c.)  temples,  etc. 

a.  history — myths. 

1.  heroes. 

17.  Foreign  influence. 

(a.)  hence  what  term  ? 

a.  P.  and  E.  settlements. 

2.  "  spoil  good  poem,"  etc. 

1.  doubts. 
b.  contact  with  P.  where  ? 

14,  15.  Siege  of  Troy. 

c.  alphabet. 

a.  H.'s  11. 

d.  Egypt. 

1.  Ilium,  or  T. 

1.  lore  ;    arts  and  sciences  ; 

2.  recent  explorations.* 

religion. 

b.  outline  of  story. 
1.  cause. 

18.    Greek  civilization  original. 

(a.)  Paris. 
(&.)  Menelaus. 

a.  stamped. 

1.  inference. 

(c.)  Helen. 

2.  to  arms. 

(a.)  Agamemnon. 

(1.)  league. 

CHAPTEK    II. 

(b.)  Hector. 

(c.)  10  y. 

THE    FIRST    PERIOD. 

3.  the  struggle. 

[From  the  Dorian  miqration  to  the  be- 

(a.)  Achilles  offended. 

ginning  of  the  Persian  Wa?\  1100-500 

(b. )  ships  on  fire. 

n.c\ 

(c. )  Pat  rod  us— Myrmidons. 

Beginnings  of  Greek  History. 

Apollo. 
4.   Hector's  death. 

19.  Periods  of  Greek  history. 

5.   Achilles'  death. 

a.  1100-500  B.C. 

0.    wooden  horsr. 
(a.)   Ulysses. 

b.  600-888  B.c. 

1.  Phil,  of  Mac. 

c.  33H-M0  B.C. 

*  Schliemaira. 

1.  Pom.  conq. 

V   PERIOD. 


19 


20-23.   Period  of  s. 

-ult. 
b.    1 1 

1.    Mi    <! 

pihei  tribal  moi 

1.    h 

northern  o 

,:   whom? 

l.-niaiis. 

kinsmen  In  At: 
dominant 

d.  colonies  in  a.  M. 
1.    ' 

os— 12. 
lis. 
2. 

8.  D. 

.  etc 

4.  relative  Lmportai 

e.  other  aettlemej 
1.   T  and  M  . 

Low 

.in*'. 
lia    mod.  name. 

24.  Effect  of  colonies. 
a.  impulse  to  II.  civil. 
1.  favored  cln 

uiv.  and  Com. 

26.   Character  of  the  two  lead- 
ing races. 

a.  Ionia 

1.  dent  spirit. 

b.  1 ' 

\  effect  of  these  difT.  of  char. 


27.  Beginning  of  real  history. 
1.    f( 

28.  Political  change,  8th  c.  B.C. 

during  heroic  age. 

b.    tr 

1.    nominal  exception. 

itv. 

l.  effect — polil 

29.  Hellenic  unity. 

a.  national  feeling. 

1.  new  out  of  \<~hat ! 

2.  fostered  by  wh. 

(a.)  Lang. ;  lit.;  relig.,  etc. 
(1.)  open  to  all. 

b.  patriotism. 

1.  Persia. 

2.  sectional  contests. 

c.  Federal  I'nion. 
1.  too  late. 

Growth  of  Sparta  and  Athens. 

30.  Subject  stated. 

a.  all  (J.— Persia— 500  B.C. 

31.  32.   Sparta. 
a.  dominant. 

h.    pari  Of  I>.  wave,  1100  B.C. 
I  >orian  Sta1 
1.    A..  M..  L.,  orL. 

d.  supremacy  i 

1.  owing  to  what  \ 

B  ('. 

■  liable  history. 

probable  work. 

33.   Cause  of  Spartan  peculiar- 
ities. 

a.  d  Isewhere  in  P. 

1.    fusion. 

b.  native  A.  in  L. 
l.  separation. 

r.  free. — pol.  ri 
1.   military  trail 


20 


HISTORY  OF  GREECE. 


34-36.   Lycurgan  legislation. 

a.  chief  object. 

1.  how  accomplished  ? 

b.  education. 

1.  weakly  children. 

2.  males  at  seven. 

3.  whole  time. 
(a.)  messes. 

(1.)  how  supported? 

4.  physical  training  (60th  y.). 
(a.)  inured. 

5.  bodily  torture. 

6.  thieving  expeditions. 
(a.)  detection. 

(1.)  stolen  fox. 

7.  girls'  training. 
(a.)  influence. 

(b.)  "  with  shield,  or  on  it." 

c.  effects. 

1.  warriors. 

(a.)  contrib.  nothing. 
(1.)  effeminacy. 

2.  oratory. 

3.  "wise  saws." 
(a.)  laconic. 

4.  commerce. 
(a.)  money. 

5.  agriculture. 

6.  city  life. 

d.  character  of  Spartans. 

1.  as  soldiers. 

2.  as  a  people. 

37.  Constitution  of  Sparta. 

a.  nominally  a  k. 
1.  joint-kings. 

(a.)  armies,  sacrifices. 

b.  really  an  o.  r. 

1.  Senate  ;  Assembly. 
(a.)  Ephors. 

38.  Spartan  conquests. 
a.  Messenians. 

1.  743-724  B.C. 

2.  685-668  B.C. 

6.  Argives,  547  B.C. 
1.  lead,  of  D.  Com. 

c.  right  of  interfer.,  6th  c.  B.C. 
1.  sway  over  Greece. 


(a.)  Persians. 

39.  Athens. 
a.  destiny. 

1.  dem.  freedom. 

2.  intel.  supremacy. 

(a.)  "  A.,  the  eye  of  G.,"  etc. 

40.  Early  history. 

a.  flower. 

b.  mythic. 

c.  kingly  gov.  (prehistoric). 
1.  Codrus. 

41.  Nature  of  the  early  govern- 

ment. 


a.  priv. 

b.  archon. 

1.  roy.  fam. 

{a.)  term  of  office. 

2.  thrown  open. 

3.  number  increased. 
(a.)  term  of  office. 

c.  Senate. 

1.  Areopagus. 

2.  exclusively. 

d.  mass  of  the  people. 

42.  Laws  of  Draco,  624  B.C. 

a.  origin. 

b.  character. 

1.  death-penalty. 

2.  written  in  blood. 
(a.)  how  justified? 

43.  Revolution. 

a.  legislation  of  D.  failed. 

1.  outbreaks. 

2.  anarchy. 

b.  Solon. 

1.  archon,  594  B.C. 

2.  commission. 

44.  Laws  of  Solon. 

a.  main  object. 

1.  moderate  gov. 
(a.)  share  of  power. 
(b.)  preponder.  inn. 

b.  character. 

c.  effect. 

1.  progress. 


HISTORY  OF  Till-; 

UOND  PERIOD.               -:\ 

51.  First  hostile  movement. 

criticism. 

a.  Mardonius. 

45.  Pisistratidae. 

b.   Tlir. — Mac. 
0.    1! 

1.    Mt  A; 

<(.    Pisistratus.  660  B.C. 

1.   We,  or  T 

usurper. 

{].  rot  urn,  \\Yl  B.C. 

(1.)  not  i!' 

52.  New  preparations 

a.  neater  fury. 

3.  character  of  rule. 

b.    heralds. 

(a.)  arts  ;  Homer. 

1.  earth  and  w. 

b.  sons  of  P. — 50  y. 

C.  submission. 

e.  fate,  510  b.c. 

1.  island  states. 

46.  Reforms  of  Clisthenes. 

2.  many  others. 

a.  A.,  a  pure  d. 

1.  suffra. 

2.  lib.  and  equal. 

d.  prospect. 

e.  noble  champions. 

1.  league  of  states. 

b.  effect. 

53.  Invasion  of  Greece,  490  B.C. 

1.  patriotism. 

a.  Datis. 

2.  leading  state. 

1.  GOO  triremes. 

47.  The  new  epoch. 

2.  Samos. 

a.  beg.  of  5th  c.  B.C. 

(a)  Cyclades. 

b.  great  struggle. 

(b.)  Eretria. 

c.  E.  against  A. 

3.  bay  of  Marathon. 

54.  Marathon,  Sep.,  490  B.C. 
a.  momentous. 

CHAPTER    III. 

b.  A.  force. 

1.  600  Plataeans. 

THE    SECOND    PERIOD. 

c.  Miltiades. 

[Front  the  beginning  of  the  Persian  War 

d.  Persian  force. 

to  the  rictory  of  Philip  of  Macedon  at 

e.  result. 

Charonea,  500-338  B.  C] 

55.   Sequel. 
a.  renewal  of  hostilities. 

The  Persian  Invasion. 

48,  49.  Relations  with  Persia. 

1.  death,  485  B.C. 

a.  retrospect. 

b.  Xerxes — 10  y. 

b.  G.  cities  of  A.  M. 

56.  Affairs  at  Athens. 

1.  Lydia  (Croesus). 

a.  Aristides. 

u/.)  Cyrus. 

1.  character ;  fate. 

2.  revolt,  500  B.C. 

(a.)  ostracism* 

(a.)  20  ships. 

b.  Themistocles, 

Sardis,  499  B.C. 

1.  character. 

50.  Wrath  of  Darius. 

2.   advice. 

a.  quelled,  49 4 

b.  resolved. 

*  banishment. 

1.  arrow. 

a.  shell. 

Auramazda. 

b.  10  v. 

c.  unlettered  eitizen. 

2.   "Master,"  etc. 

1.  ••  tired  of  always,"  etc. 

22 


HISTORY  OF  GREECE. 


(a.)  navy. 

62,  63.  Battle  of  Salamis. 

c.  preparing. 

a.  366 ;  1000. 

d.  congress. 

b.  P.  army — lofty  throne. 

1.  Isthmus  of  C. 

1.  "a  king  sat,"  etc. 

2.  absentees. 

c.  result. 

(a.)  why? 

1.  200. 

3.  head  of  the  league. 

2.  cowardice  —  October,   480 

57,  58.  Beginning  of   Xerxes's 

B.C. 

invasion. 

64.  Plataea  and  Mycale. 

a.  Persian  movements. 

a.  Plataea. 

1.  Sardis. 

1.  300,000. 

2.  number  of  host. 

(a.)  Mardonius. 

(a.)  Herodotus. 

2.  70,000. 

3.  Hellespont,  480  B.C. 

(a.)  Pausanias. 

(a.)  seven. 

(&.)  Aristides. 

4.  1200,  etc. 

b.  Mycale  (A.  M.). 

(a.)  200 ;  30. 

c.  September  25,  479  B.C. 

5.  deluge. 

&.  Greek  movements. 

65.  Later  events. 

1.  Ther.  (meaning). 

a.  several  years. 

(a.)  (Eta. 

1.  posts  held  by  P. 

(6.)  marsh. 

b.  G.  independence 

(1.)  G.  of  Malis. 

1 .  civil,  of  E. 

2.  festival. 

(a.)  why  small  force  ? 

The  Age  of  Pericles. 

3.  Leonidas. 

(a.)  troops. 
59.  Battle  of  Thermopylae. 

66.  Period  of  Pericles. 

a.  half-cen. 

b.  character. 

a.  defence. 

1.  position  "turned." 

b.  decision  of  Leonidas. 

c.  coincides — 40  y. 
1.  private  cit. 

1.  300. 

67.  Policy  of  Athens. 

2.  700  Thespians. 

a.  iEgaean  league. 

c.  desperate  valor. 

1.  object ;  leader. 

d.  result — August,  480  B.C. 

2.  results. 

60.  Naval  affairs. 

{a.)  subjection. 

a.  Greek  fleet. 

(b.)  secession. 

1.  Eubcea. 

(c.)  treasury. 

(a.)  indecisive  action. 

b.  own  aggrandizement. 

(1.)  effect. 

c.  imperial. 

2.  Salamis 

68.  Sketch  of  the  period. 

b.  Persian  fleet. 

a.  G.  genius. 

1.  storm. 

1.  drama  ;   arch,  and  sculp. ; 

61.  Doings  #at  Athens. 

oratory. 

a.  consternation. 

b.  all  qualified. 

b.  oracle. 

c.  by  lot. 

c.  city — ashes. 

1.  resulted  how  ? 

HISTORY   OF    Till'-    SfiCOM)    PERIOD. 


69.  Beginning  of  sti 

6. 

i  aid 

all  Of  Al. 

70.  Pericles. 

1.  I'll. 

:illk. 

ape. 

b.  cud. 

1.  d< 

l.  effect  on  Athens. 

"  mourning 

76.  Closing  years. 

rob 

".  ofl  coast  of 

l.  Persian  gold, 

The  Peloponnesian  War. 

&.   Al.  restored. 

71.  Parties. 

1.  vigor  of  Ail, 

b.  SM 

c.  A                              u.c. 
l.  Lysander. 

d.  fall  of  A.,  loi  i. 

71.  Duration  and  effect. 

(t.  481  u.( .— v 

77.  Result  of  the  war. 

e.  effect  on  Gh  generally. 

a.  Sparta. 

>n  A. 

&.  Athens. 

1.  leader. 

72.  Origin. 

1.  irrepressible  conflict. 
I.  vs.  D. 

Period  of  Spartan  and  Theban 
Supremacy. 

democ.  vs.  olig. 

78.   Spartan  supremacy. 

b.  immediate. 

a.  34  v.;  406-371  R.C. 

1.  jealousy  of  A. 

1.   Mgos  Potamos. 

:ili. 

2.   Leuctra. 

vra. 

b.  despotic. 

(1.)  Athens. 

1.  "  liberator." 

73.  First  ten  years. 

2.  galling  yoke. 

79.  Rise  of  Thebes. 

b.  I 

a.  Epaminondaa. 

1.  al 

h.  Pelopidas. 

on  land. 

>■.  Leuctra,  371  b.c. 

C.  "P                                         51  B.C. 

(J.  result 

1.  :■ 

2.  hosril.  renewed. 

80.  Theban  supremacy. 
a.  held  how  long) 

74.  Alcibiades. 

b.   Mantinea,  862  B, 

1.   against  whom? 

eeult. 

:all  of  E. 

1.    v. 

81.  Effect  of  the  wars. 

75.   Syracusan  expedition. 

".liaustion. 

«.  bold 

b.    int<stine  bn 

1.   what  I                        il  V 

24 


HISTORY  OF  GREECE. 


CHAPTEE     IV. 

THE    THIRD    PERIOD. 

[From,  the  victory  of  Philip  to  the  absorp- 
tion of  Greece  by  the  Bomans.  838-1U6 
B.  C] 

Supremacy  of  Macedon— Philip. 

82.  Early  Macedon. 

a.  kinsmen. 

b.  condition  during  G.  wars. 

c.  bold  chief,  4th  c.  B.C. 

83.  Philip's  plans. 
.  a.  359  B.C. 

b.  hostage  at  T. 

c.  M.aG.  state. 
1.  leadership. 

84.  Doings  of  Philip. 

a.  Amphyctionic  Council. 

1.  significance  of  concession. 

b.  scheme. 

85.  Demosthenes. 
a.  warnings. 

1.  effect. 

86.  Career  of  Philip. 

a.  mixed  policy,  20  y. 

b.  Chseronea,  338  B.C. 
1.  effect. 

87.  Causes  of  his  success. 
a.  mil.  organ. 

1.  M.  phalanx. 
(a.)  Romans. 
6.  polit.  finesse. 

1.  divisions  in  G. 

2.  gen.  corruption. 

88.  His  after-plans. 
a.  unit.  G.  ag.  P. 

1.  diverted. 

89.  His  death,  336  B.C. 
a.  how?  46;  23  y. 

Career  of  Alexander  the  Great. 

90.  Accession  (son). 
a.  20  v. 


b.  mil.  genius. 

c.  gen.  of  G.  ag.  P. 

91.  His  first  victories. 

a.  Hellespont. 

1.  army. 

2.  Granicus,  334  B.C. 

b.  ent.  Syria. 

1.  Issus,  333  B.C. 
(a.)  Darius  Codomannus. 
(&.)  nature  of  ground. 
(c.)  result. 

(1.)  mother  and  wife 

92.  His  next  operation. 
a.  Tyre,  Gaza,  Egypt. 

1.  whose  dominion  ? 

2.  20  m. 

3.  Alexandria. 

(a.)  far-sighted  policy. 

93.  Battle  of  Arbela,  331  B.C. 

a.  heart  of  empire. 

b.  Assyria. 

1.  Gaugamela,  20  m. 

c.  strength  of  armies. 

1.  P. 

2.  G. 

d.  completeness  of  vie. 

1.  Babylon,  Susa,  Persepolis. 

2.  fate  of  P.  monarch. 

94.  Alexander's  ambition. 

a.  25  y. 

b.  temptation. 

1.  luxurious  capital. 

c.  irresis.  impulse. 

95.  Expedition  to  India. 

a.  unknown  w. 

b.  Hyphasis  (Sutlej),  326  B.C. 

1.  A.'s  desire. 

2.  refused. 

96.  Return  from  India. 

a.  Hydaspes  and  Indus. 

1.  fleet. 

2.  bulk  of  army. 

b.  Nearchus. 

c.  Gedrosia  (modern  name),  and 

Carmania. 


HISTORY  OF  THE   THIRD   PERIOD. 


(f.  Buffered  terribly. 
l.  Persepolis,  824  b.c. 

97.  His  death. 

Babylon. 

b.  ;;  r».c. 

r.  -•  to  the  strongest." 

d.  dismemberment  of  empire. 

98.  Result  of  his  conquests. 
if.  Hellenised. 

1.  (i.  language. 
b.   (ir 

1.  Intel,  conq. 

2.  loss  of  freedom. 

Alexander's  Successors. 

99.  Division  of  the  empire. 

a.  generals,  20  y. 

b.  Ipsus,  in  Phrygia,  301  B.C. 

c.  S.  and  the  East  to  Seleucus. 

d.  E.  to  Ptolemy. 

e.  T.  to  Lysimachus. 
/.  M.  to  Cassander. 
g.  special  interest. 

1.  P. 

2.  Seleucidae. 

100-102.  Egypt. 

a.  P.  Soter. 

1.  323-283  B.C. 

2.  character  of  government. 

3.  ruling  race. 

4.  natives  in  office. 

5.  old  E.  religioa 

6.  successors. 

b.  the  Ptolemies. 

1.  last  of  the  line. 
(a.)  C. 

2.  Rome,  30  B.C. 

c.  Alexandrine  civilization. 

1.  the  capital. 

2.  literature,  etc. 

3.  500,000. 

4.  mingling  of   G.,   E.,   and 

J.  culture. 

103.  Kingdom  of  Seleucus. 

a.  312  B.C. 

b.  at  first  consisted. 


1.  B.,  S.,  M.,  P. 
C.  afterwards. 

1.  In.  to 

l\  Jaxartes  to  In.  O. 

8.  A  M. 
d.  Antioch  in  S. 
( .  late  of  Seleucus,  280  B.C. 

104.  Later  history. 

a.  2  c. 

b.  importance. 

c.  wars  and  revolts. 

d.  grad.  lost. 

e.  Rome,  65  B.C. 
1.  Pompey. 

Later  History  of  Macedon  and 
Greece. 

105.  Greece  resists  Macedon. 

a.  high  hopes. 

b.  Athens. 

1.  Demosthenes. 

2.  Hyperides. 

c.  confederacy. 

d.  Lamian  war,  323-321  B.C. 
1.  result. 

106.  Later  Greek  politics. 

a.  chief  states. 

1.  M.,Achaia,  JEtolia,.and  S. 

b.  Federal  Leagues. 

107.  Grecian  leagues. 

a.  nature. 

1.  Switzerland  and  U.  S. 

2.  agreement  to  give  up. 
(a.)  peace  and  war. 

b.  why  necessary  V 

c.  Achaean  and  .zEtolian. 

d.  smaller. 

c.  Mac.  and  Sparta. 

108.  Effect  of  the  leagues. 

a.  front  ag.  M. 

b.  eminence  of  A.  L.,  245-213 

B.C. 

1.  Aratus  and  Philopcemen. 

c.  selfishness  of  S. 
1.   umpire. 


26 


HISTORY  OF  GREECE. 


109.  Macedon  and  Rome. 

a.  Carthage. 

b.  Macedon,  200-168  B.C. 
1.  Pydna,  168  B.C. 

(a.)  Perseus. 

110.  Last  days  of  Greece. 

a.  brief  independ. 

b.  146  B.C. 
1.  Achaia. 

111.  Decline  of  Hellas. 

a.  later  character  of  G.  mind. 

1.  scholarship. 

2.  creative  genius. 

b.  reflex  inf.  of  A. 

1.  servility. 

2.  public  spirit. 

3.  lit.  and  art. 
"'Twas  Greece,"  etc. 


SYNOPSIS  FOR  REVIEW. 

I.  First    Authentic     Period, — 

from  D.  m.  to  P.  w.,  1100- 
500  B.C. 

a.  gen.  migration. 

1.  D.  in  Pel. 

2.  col.  in  A.  M.,  etc. 

b.  suprem.  of  S. 

1.  Ly. 

2.  3  or  4  c. 

c.  Athens. 

1.  oligarchy. 

2.  So. 

3.  Pisistra. 

4.  pure  dem. 

d.  leading  dates. 

II.  Second  Period, — from  P.  w. 

to  Chaeronea,  500-338  B.C. 
a.  revolt  of  G.  in  A.  M. 

1.  aid  of  A. 

2.  first  P.  invasion. 
(a.)  fleet. 

3.  second  P.  invasion. 
(a.)  Marathon. 

4.  third  P.  invasion. 
(a.)  Thermo. 

(p.)  Sal  amis. 


(c. )  Plataea  and  Mycale. 
(1.)  effect. 

b.  glory  of  Athens. 

1.  age  of  P. 

2.  Pel.  war. 

(a.)  Peace  of  N. 
(6.)  M.  Pot. 

c.  ascendency  of  Sparta. 
1.  Leuc. 

d.  ascendency  of  Thebes. 

e.  P.,  master  of  G. 
1.  Clue. 

/.  leading  dates. 

III.  Third  Period,— from  Chae 
ronea  to  absorption  by  th< 
R.,  338-146  B.C. 

a.  P.  of  M. 
1.  Persia. 

b.  Alex. 

1.  Granicus. 

2.  Issus. 

3.  Egypt. 

4.  Assyria. 
(a.)  Arbela. 

5.  Beyond  the  Indus. 

6.  Babylon. 

c.  G.  rent  by  intes.  w. 

d.  Roman  province. 
1.  name. 

e.  leading  dates. 


CHAPTER    V. 

GRECIAN    CIVILIZATION. 

Political  Ideas. 

112.  Part  played  in  history  b} 
Greece. 

a.  compass. 

1.  grand  age. 

(a.)  Marathon,  490  B.C. 
(b.)  Chaeronea,  338  B.C. 

b.  interest. 

1.  first  people. 

(a.)  real  f . ;  real  c. 

(b.)  "  pol.  and  int.  life,"  etc 


\    CIVILIZA1 


freedom. 

contribution  of  <;. 

b.  i 

1.  Oriental    n  sub- 

2.  G 

the  p  ,"  etc 
e.  }  ble. 

1.   lit.  ami  a. 

Religion. 

114.  Greek  and  other  paganism. 

a.  in  advance. 
1.    01 

b.  polytheism. 

1.  Looked  on  gods  hi 
love. 

C.  contrast  with  Asiatic. 

115.  Its  poetic  character. 

a.  origin. 

l.  H.  and  Besiod. 

b.  ideal  conceptions. 

1.    chisel  and  pen. 

116.  Greek  theogony. 
a.  meaning  of  term. 

ents, 

(/.  Zeus,  or  J. 

117.  Dynasty  of  Zeus. 
shared  sovereignty. 

1.   Poseidon  (N.  . 
domain. 

domain. 

3.  » 

domain. 
{b. )  sen.  function. 
6.  gr  — tlii  maj 

l .  Olyn 

•  numeration. 

118.  Other  divinities. 
a.  numi 

1.   II 

119.  General  view. 


ag. 
b.  in  early  tin 

l.  beautiful  and  poetic. 

n  later  tin 

l.  grosser  Bun,  from  El,  a. 
and  T, 

I  s. 

(6.)  Eieusinian  mysteries 

120.  Worship. 

a.  priests. 

b.  Open  air,  i 

c.  sacrifL 

1.  sin-offerings. 

(a.)  anirna  -mbs. 

(6.)  inan.  obi. — frnil 

2.  votive  offeru 

d.  forms  of  prayer,  etc 
i.  processi 

121.  Oracles. 

a.  revelations. 

b.  Dodona — Z. 

c.  Delphi— A. 

Grecian  Festivals. 

122.  The  four  festivals. 

a.  Olympic. 

1.  plain  of  0.  in  El  is. 

2.  in  honor  of. 

3.  frequency. 

b.  Pythian. 

1.  Del. 

2.  in  honor  of. 
::.   8d  y. 

r.    Isthmian. 
1.   ( 
8.   in  honor  of, 

-  y. 

d.  Nemean. 

1.  Nemea. 

2.  N.  J. 

123.  Their  nature. 

1.   athletic  ;  r. ;  m.  and  ]>. 
b.  pri 

1.   garland. 


28 


HISTORY  OF  GREECE. 


2.  proclaimed  ;  sacred  grove ; 

b.  Theogony;  Works  and  Days. 

sung. 

c.  rank. 

c.  several  days. 

1.  Greeks. 

124.  Influence,    social    and  lit- 

2. moderns. 

erary. 

129.  Epic  and  elegy. 

a.  all  parts. 

a.  dur.  the  k.  period. 

1.  intercourse. 

1.  why? 

2.  exchanges. 

b.  el.  in  democ.  times. 

3.  condition  compared. 

1.  emotional. 

4.  teach,  of  philos. 

2.  Tyrtaeus,  8th  c.  B.C. 

5.  sculp,  and  paint. 

(a.)  derision. 

6.  poets  and  hist. 

(b.)  stirring  songs. 

b.  intel.  sympathy. 

(1.)  Messenian. 

1.  bond  of  nationality. 

3.  Simonides,  5th  c.  B.C. 

Greek    Literature   and   Phil- 

130. Lyric  poetry. 

osophy. 

a.  next  step. 

125.  Comparison  of  literatures. 

b.  music. 

a.  most  valuable. 

c.  famous  names. 

1.  Bible. 

1.  Sappho  and  Alcseus,  6th  c. 

b.  Rome. 

B.C. 

1.  imitators. 

(a.)  Lesbian. 

c.  E.,  B.,  P. — fragments. 
1.  tone. 

2.  Pindar,  522  B.C. 
(a.)  Bee. 

d.  ancient  Persians. 

(&.)  rank. 

1.  Zend-Avesta. 

3.  Anacreon. 

(a.)  structure. 

131.  Drama. 

e.  Hindoos. 

a.  rank. 

1.  Vedas. 

b.  birth. 

(a.)  curious. 

1.  Athens. 

126.  Homer. 

2.  Pericles,  5th  c.  B.C. 

a.  epics  (nar.  poems). 

c.  greatest  names. 

1.  11.,  0. 

1.  iEschylus,  525  B.C. 

b.  rank. 

2.  Sophocles,  495  B.C. 

1.  springtime. 

3.  Euripides,  480  B.C. 

c.  noticeable  fact. 

d.  remarkable  fertility. 

1.  colonial. 

e.  principal  occasions. 

2.  Asiatic  Greeks. 

1.  fest.  of  B.  (Dionysos). 

127.  Homer  among  the  Greeks. 

2.  prize. 

a.  real  individ. 

b.  Herodotus,  400  y. 
1.  880  b.c. 

c.  for  centuries  how  preserved  ? 

132.  Comparison   with   Shake- 
speare. 
a.  subjects. 

1.  hum.  life,  etc. 

1.  recited. 
d.  Pisistratus  at  A.,  560  B.C. 

2.  gods,  etc. 
b.  treatment. 

128.  Hesiod. 

1.  unity  of  t.  and  p. 

a.  Bceotia — when? 

(a.)  narrative  part. 

I  TAN  CIVILIZATION. 


29 


nlcd. 

.  King  I 


133.  Comedy  (comus). 

1.      1).     |'!< 

h.   Aristophanes,  1-14  B.C. 
1.  C,  W  .  B.,  I". 
rise. 

134.  Herodotus. 

II." 
b.    Io.  of  Ilalicarnassus,  A.  M. 
B4    B.C.  —  first   and   second 
P.  v 

inject — u.  hist. 
1.  vivid  ])icture. 
i    traveller. 

1.  E.  and  A. 

/.  style. 

(j.  Rawlinson. 

136.  Thucydides. 
,'.   Ath«  us.  -17 1  B.C. 

b.  rank. 

c.  BUDJ<  I 

d.  merits. 
1.  style. 

Insight, 
irliest  example. 

136.  Other  historians. 

a.  Xenophon. 

lontemporary. 
merit. 

b.  Polybius,  2d  c.  b.c. 
r.  Diodorus,  Lsl  c.  B.C. 

Plntarch,  3d  <•.  a.d. 
1 .  I . 
(a.)  "  B.  of  heroisms." 

137.  Oratory. 

•]i  demoG 
b.  Perk  o." 

1.  ^schines  B.C. 

int. 

(b.)  u  Bhook  the  arsenal." 


138.  Early  philosophers. 

:    OT  A.  M. 

1.  Thales,  6th  c  b.c. 
hool. 
h.  col  of  L.  I. 
1    Pythagoras,  <',th  c.  b.c. 

(a.)    P.  BChooL 
ft    nat.  phil. 

iphlsts  and  Rhetors,  5th  c 

B.C. 

1.  dialec.  and  r. 
A   youtl^ 

139.  Socrates,  469-399  B.C. 

a.  rank  ;  epoch. 

b.  work. 

1.  prejudices. 

2.  ignorance. 

3.  great  truths. 

g.,  t.,  b. 

c.  method. 

1.  S. 

2.  streets,  etc. 

d.  person. 
(.  fate. 

1.  charge  , 
(a.)  gods;  youth. 

2.  hemlock. 

3.  immortal,  of  s. 


140.  Plato,  429-347  B.C. 
a.  disciple. 

\.  school. 

1.  groves  of  A. 
C.  dialogues. 

1.   ]>rin.  speaker. 
d.  rank  and  influence. 

1.  ideal. 

2.  high -water  mark. 

141.  Aristotle,  384-322  B.C. 

a.  Peripatetic. 

1.    Lyceum  at  A. 

b.  rank. 

1.    log.  and  system. 

ning. 
what  v 

c.  highest  authority  how  long? 

stem. 

(a.)  what  1  ' 


30 


BISTORT  OF  GREECE. 


(b.)  Bacon,  1620  a.d. 
d.  Alex. 

Grecian  Art.. 

142.  Forms  of  Greek  art. 

a.  fine  arts. 

1.  a.,  s.,  p.,  m. 
(a.)  Greeks. 
(b.)  M.  A.  and  Christianity. 

b.  rank  of  a.  and  s. 

143.  Temples. 

a.  importance.  • 

b.  G.  column. 

1.  —  2.  — ,  3.—. 

c.  bef .  P.  wars. 

d.  after  P.  wars. 

1.  age  of  present  ruins. 

144.  Ionic  order. 

a.  A.  M. 

b.  Diana  of  Ephesus. 

1.  Herostratus,  356  B.C. 
(a.)  Alex. 

2.  rebuilt. 

3.  425  and  220. 

4.  E.  explor. 

145.  Corinthian  order. 

a.  character  and  rank. 

b.  Venus,  Flora,  nymphs  of  f . 
1.  why? 

c.  5th  c.  B.C. 

146.  Doric  order. 

a.  Parthenon,— "H.  of  the  V." 

1.  dedicated. 

2.  material. 

3.  Acropolis. 

4.  pre-eminence. 

(a.)  compared  with  E.  tem- 
ples. 

(&.)  compared  with  G.  ca- 
thedrals. 

147.  Sculpture. 

a.  rank. 

b.  finest  specimens. 

1.  pediments  and  friezes. 

2.  where  now  ? 
(a.)  Lord  Elgin. 


3.  mutilated. 

4.  perfection  of  1.,  m.,  p. 

c.  Phidias. 

1.  heroic  age. 

d.  later  artists. 
1.  rank. 

(a.)  beauty. 
(&.)  lack. 

Greek  Life,  Manners,  etc. 

148.  Remark. 

a.  sources  of  information. 

b.  interest  of  subject. 

149.  Dress. 

a.  gen.  character. 
1.  ornaments. 

b.  sex. 

c.  material — w.,  1.,  c. 

d.  head-coverings. 

1.  trav. ;  workmen. 

e.  foot-coverings. 

1.  indoors. 

2.  abroad. 

150.  Meals. 

a.  how  many  and  how  ? 
1.  table-cloth,  etc. 

b.  primitively. 
1.  spoons. 

e.  common  people. 

d.  well-to-do. 

e.  symposium. 

1.  wine  and  water. 

(a.)  "  master  of  the  f." 

2.  games,  etc. 

151.  Education. 

a.  state. 

b.  branches. 

1.  g.— included  what  ? 

2.  m. — -included  what  ? 

3.  g. — O.  games. 

c.  grammatistes. 

d.  girls. 

152.  Position  of  woman. 

a.  Homeric  age. 

b.  historic  period. 


!/'//}'   AND   BA( 


81 


itliful  s 

.  how  much  in.  cult 
1.  household. 

I    wants  . 


inn. 

< .  Incompli 
1.  defects  in  works 

/  Christianity. 


SECTION     III. 

HISTORY     OF     ROME. 

[Observe  that  the  dates  of  this  section  are  b.c.  up  to  Augustus.] 

CHAPTEB    I. 

GEOGRAPHY    AND    RACES. 


1.  General  view. 

//.   place  of  B.  in  history. 

b.  vil.,  8th  c.  B.C 

c.  career  of  conq. 

1.  peninsula, 

2.  beyond. 

3.  world-ruling — when  ? 

2.  Geographical  features. 

r  penin. 

b.  ; 

c.  Alps  ;  sea. 

d.  divisions. 
1.  Padua 

Gallia  Cisalpina, 

:-lie. 

!  uickbone. 

3.  Races. 

a.  G..  i:  .  I  .  and  I. 
1.  On 

b.  relative  importance. 

4.  First  three  races. 

..nils. 
1.    » 

N    I. 
France. 
tock. 
b.  El 


1.  scat. 

{((.)  bet.  the  A.  and  the  T. 

iirin  and  stock. 
"lv  civilization. 

bef.  R. 

(d.)  builders  ;  arts  ;  augur- 
B  ;  reljg. 
c  Iapygians. 

t .    Apulia  and  heel. 

2.  primitive. 

4.  Greeks. 

a.  colonies. 

b.  gave  name. 

5,  6.  Italian. 

a.  relative  impor. 

b.  seat 

•nek. 

1.  allied  to  II. 

(a.)  words. 
( 1  I  agrL ;  prim.  life. 
(I.  brand 

1.    Latins. 

•ellians. 
I   nibrians. 
(b.)  Sabi] 

Saninites. 
'  concern. 


32 


HISTORY  OF  ROME. 


7.  Seat  of  the  Latins. 
a.  Latium. 

1.  Tiber  and  Liris. 


CHAPTEE    II. 

PRIMEVAL    ROME -PERIOD 
OF    THE    KINGS. 

8.  Legends  of  early  Rome. 

a.  landing  of  M.  in  L. 

b.  story  of  the  twins. 

1.  Faust ul  as. 

2.  city  founded. 

c.  real  events. 
1.  390  B.C. 

9.  Livy. 

a.  earliest. 

b.  750  y. 

10.  Real  beginnings  of  Rome. 

a.  Latins  of  L. 

1.  30  cities. 

2.  Alba  Longa. 

b.  outpost. 

1.  Sabines  and  Etruscans. 

c.  march,  or  border. 

11.  Earliest  history. 

a.  753  B.C. 

b.  Palatine  Mount. 

c.  5000  or  6000— h.  or  s. 

d.  incorporation. 

1.  Lucerum. 
(a.)  Etruscan. 
(&.)  Cselian  Hill. 
(c.)  subordinate. 

2.  Quirium 
(a.)  Sabine. 

(6.)  Quirinal  Hill. 
(c.)  equal. 

e.  tribes. 

1.  Ramnes,  or  — . 

2.  Tities,  or  — . 

3.  Luceres,  or  — . 

12.  Epoch   of  the  kings,   753- 

509  B.C. 


a.  tradition. 

b.  obscurity. 

13.  Organization  of  society. 

a.  Patricians. 

1.  magis.  off. 

2.  high.  deg.  of  p. 

3.  pub.  lands. 

4.  fain.  name. 

5.  Populus. 
(a.)  senate. 

(b. )  Comitia  Curiata. 

b.  Plebeians. 

1.  freemen. 

2.  polit.  impor. 

14.  Change  of  constitution. 

a.  Servius  Tullius,  5th  k. 
1.  "K.  of  the  C." 

b.  Comitia  Centuriata. 

1.  Assem.  of  the  H. 

2.  who  voted? 

3.  most  voice. 

c.  great  concession. 
1.  why? 

15.  End  of  the  kings. 

a,  Tarquinius  Superbus,  7th  k. 
1.  fate. 

(a.)  reason. 

b.  abolition. 

1.  date. 

2.  hated  name. 


CHAPTER    III. 

THE    ROMAN    REPUBLIC. 

16.  Extent  of  history. 

a.  482  y. 

1.  end  of  k. — date. 

2.  end  of  rep. — date. 

17.  Four  epochs. 

a.  Struggle  for  Existence. 

1.  repub. 

2.  6.  invasion. 

3.  509-390  B.C. 

b.  Rom.  conquest  of  It. 


l/.I.V    /,'/  . 


1.  « '. 

s 

1.    1  ars. 

Iii. 

ipirc  under  A. 

Epoch  of  the  struggle  for  exist- 
ence, 509-390  B.C. 

18.  Nature  of  the  government. 
<i.  republic 

b.  consuls. 

1.  term  of  office. 

2.  Brutus  and  Coliatinus. 

19.  Territory  under  the  kings. 

Of  DOW. 
b.  treaty  with  ( '. 

1.   <  rracina. 

with  S.,  B.,  A. 

20.  Wars  of  the  republic. 

a.  nejghl 

1.   K. ;  B.,  Vol..  and  HRq. 

nd  veien- 

til: 

b.  duration  and  lot 

1  fouls,  890 

21.  Character  of  the  period. 

;irv. 

b.  d  struggle. 
1.  grand 

c.  hai 

1.  Christian  brotherhood, 
eroic. 

rtted  to  t'u 

;:i.v   ROMS. 
1  . 


1.  P< 

Sublician  brid 

3.  "0  Father  Tiber,"  i 

c.  Coriolanus, 

iisulshij). 

2.  famine. 

corn  from  S. 

(b.)  his  advice, 
xile. 

4.  Volsri; 

5.  victorious  prog] 

{a.)  senators  ;  pontiffs,  etc.; 

matrons,  i 

d.  Cincinnatus,  458 B.C 
1.   farm. 

dictator. 
(a.)  ploughing. 

3.  B 

{a.)  yoke. 
(b.)  14  days. 

22.  Social  troubles. 

a.  P.  and  P. 

b.  long  series. 

23.  Oppression  of  the  Plebs. 

a.  R.  law  of  debt. 

1.  liability  of  debtor, 
chains ;  slave. 

b.  hard  times. 
1.    cause. 

Sect 

24.  Secession,  493  B.C. 
<f    lions  Sacer,  1  m. 

b.   compromise. 

25.  Office  of  tribune. 

a.  T  of  the  P. 
1.  t 

b.  term  ;  sacred  :  veto. 

26.  Laws    of    the   Twelve   Ta- 

bles. 

!  of  Ten, 

1.    Decemvirs. 


34 


HISTORY  OF  ROME. 


2.  object. 

3.  officers  resign. 

4.  work  done. 

27.  Conduct  of  the  decemvirs. 

a.  office  renewed. 

b.  tyrannical. 

1.  usurpation. 

28.  Second  secession. 

a.  second  charter. 

1.  tribunes. 

2.  equality  of  assemblies. 

b.  consuls  again,  446  B.C. 

29.  Dispute  about  consuls. 
a.  share  in  consulate. 

1.  claim  resisted. 

2.  levies  prevented. 
(a.)  no  more. 

30.  More  changes. 

a.  Military  Tribunes,  444  B.C. 

1.  number. 

2.  how  chosen  ? 

(a.)  theory  and  practice. 
(l.)40y. 

b.  Censors. 

1.  number. 

2.  how  chosen  ? 
(a.)  effect. 

3.  power. 

(a.)  rank  of  ev.  cit. 
(&.)  val.  prop. 

31.  Gaulish  invasion,  390  B.C. 

a.  Brennus. 
1.  Allia. 

b.  result. 

1.  city. 

2.  capitol. 
(a.)  7  m. 

(b.)  1000  lbs.— sword. 

c.  fictions. 

Epoch  of  the  Roman  Conquest 
of  Italy,  390-266  B.C. 

32.  Plebeian  oppression. 

a.  debtor  and  creditor. 

b.  distress  of  Pleb. 


1.  invasions. 
c.  practical  slavery. 

33.  Proposals    for  reform,    376 

B.C. 

a.  Licinius  Stolo  ;  Lucius  Sex- 

tius. 
1.  office. 

b.  evils. 

1.  polit.  in. 

2.  mat.  want. 

c.  first  evil  how  remedied  ? 
1.  restor.  the  c. 

{a.)  one  a  P. 

d.  second  evil  how  remedied  ? 

1.  interest  deducted. 
(a.)  3  y. 

2.  distrib.  of  pub.  lands. 
(a.)  500  jugera. 

e.  L.  Rogations. 

34.  Victory  of  the  Plebs. 

a.  new  plan  how  received  ? 

b.  firmness. 

1.  new  elections  ;  levies. 

c.  367  B.C.;  366  B.C.,  L.  S. 

d.  other  offices. 

e.  at  last. 

35.  Democracy. 

a.  aris.  repub.,  1 J  c. 

b.  gov.  of  the  people. 
e.  golden  age  of  R.  p. 
d.  civil  concord. 

1.  temple. 

2.  civ.  vir.,  etc. 

36.  Smallness  of  the  nation. 

a.  townships. 

b.  300,000. 

1.  close  of  5th  c.  B.C. 

c.  petty  neighbors. 

d.  wars  for  existence. 

37.  Wars  for  dominion. 

a.  new  era,  mid.  4th  c.  B.C. 

b.  Latins. 

1.  immed.  rel. 

c.  other  It.  nationalities. 
1.  more  dist.  rel. 

d.  G.  settlements  in  S.  I. 


THE  ROMAN   REPUBLIC. 


85 


i.   P 

S    I 

38.  Meaning  of  these  wars. 

l.  imper.  li^r. 

39.  Samnite  wars, 343-290  B.C. 

Leaden. 

i.  a  or  a 

i.  s 

40-42.   War  with  Pyrrhus. 

a.  ori 

1.   '•  oonq.  bar.  of  T." 

b.  i 

l.  25, 

c.  Pand  i'..c. 
1.  gigantic  gray. 

d.  Asculum,  279  B.C. 

1.  "  Another  Buch,1 
9    ily. 

/.  Beneventum,  275  B.C. 
I.  Bubjugi 

2.  supr* 

43.  Nature  of  the  Roman  state. 

populue  Etomanus. 
1.  that  is  to  say-  88. 
of  It. 

citizenship  conferred. 
b.   v« 
1.  Comitia 

ft   5 

44.  Other  classes. 
n.  [talians,  socii 

1.  own  laws,  judges,  etc. 

OID  what  ': 
b.    I.. 

1.  "  Latin  franchise 

45.  Summary    of    the    govern- 

ment. 

nty. 
1.  p.  and  w, 


coin. 
i  otnpared  with  ( 

what  ! 

46.  General  summary. 
<>.  thua  I 

1.  conquestfl  :  polit.  or| 

2.  dawn  of  lit. 
b.  art  Of  gOV.  m. 
ft  diating.  traits. 

Epoch  of  Foreign  Conquest, 
266-133  B.C. 

47.  Extent  of  the  period. 

a.  for.  conq. 

b.  ambra 

1.  Punic 

2.  Macedonian. 

c.  Gracchi 

48.  Carthage. 

a.  situation  and  rank. 

b.  head  of  P.  cities— 300. 

ft  posses,  in  S.,  S.,  C,  and  S. 
<t  government, 
l.  republic. 

racy. 
;haracter. 

1.  good  and  bad. 

2.  Punic  faith. 

49.  Seeds  of  war. 

eneral  rivalry. 
Hdly. 
1.  large  posses. 

.  connections. 

50-52.  First  Punic  war,   264- 
241  B.C. 
rigin. 

1.  Hammertines — Messana. 

ed. 
help. 

2.  K.  takes  ap  quarreL 
b.  narrative. 

1    changed  si< 

locality. 

B  B.C. 

\y. 


36 


HISTORY  OF  ROME. 


(a.)  at  first. 
(b.)  model. 
(c.)  My  las,  2y.;  260  B.C. 

5.  Africa. 

(a.)  Regulus,  255  B.C. 
(1.)  Tunis. 

6.  Panormus. 

7.  at  sea. 

(a.)  iEgusa. 

8.  terms  of  treaty. 
(a.)  Sicily  and  isl. 
(&.)  indemnity, 
(c.)  Hiero. 

53.  Province  of  Sicily. 

a.  commenc.  of  pro.  gov. 
1.  foreign  posses. 

54.  Conquest  of  Cisalpine  Gaul. 

a.  Gr.  alarmed  ;  movement. 

b.  3  armies— 3  y.;  222  B.C. 

c.  colonies. 

55.  Carthage  prepares  for  war. 

a.  feeling  of  C. 

1.  Barcine  fam. 

b.  Hamilcar  Barca. 

1.-  base  of  operations. 

2.  at  the  altar— 9  y.— 235  B.C. 

3.  Hasdrubal  (son-in-law). 

4.  Hannibal — 26. 

56.  Second    Punic   War,    218- 

202  B.C. 

a.  Hannibal's  campaign. 

1.  Saguntum. 
(a.)  effect. 

2.  Pyren.  and  Alps,  218  B.C. 
(a.)  30,000. 

3.  four  battles. 

(a.)  Cannae,  216  B.C. 

57.  Hannibal's     operations     in 

Italy. 

a.  how  long? 

b.  Fabius,  Marcellus,  and  oth- 

ers. 

c.  finances. 

d.  allegiance  of  It.  nat. 

58.  Roman  strategy. 
a.  Rome's  danger. 


b.  offensive  assumed. 

1.  Pub.  Scipio,  216-205  B.C. 

2.  result. 

(a.)  reinforcements. 

c.  Hasdrubal,  207  B.C. 
1.  bloody  head. 

59.  Close  of  the  war. 

a.  into  A. 

1.  H.  recalled. 

b.  Zama,  202  B.C. 

1.  terms  of  peace. 

c.  honors  to  S. 

1.  henceforward. 

60.  Anecdote  of  Hannibal. 

a.  exile — Syria  and  Bithynia. 

b.  Scipio — Ephesus. 

c.  gr.  gen. 

1.  A. — small  body. 

2.  P.— camp. 

3.  H. 

61-63.  Third  Punic  War,  1C2- 
146  B.C. 

a.  long  interval. 

b.  origin. 

1.  Cato,  the  censor. 

(a.)  "Delenda  est  Cartha- 
go." 

c.  offer  of  C. 

d.  demand  of  B. 

1.  how  received? 
64,  65.   Siege  of  Carthage. 

a.  iEmilianus. 

b.  condition  of  C. 

1.  ships,  allies,  arms. 

2.  bowstrings. 

c.  17  d. 

1.  anecdote  of  S. 
(a.)  instability  of  fortune. 
(b.)  "Yet    come    it   will/' 

d.  700,000. 

1.  proconsul. 

(a.)  Utica,  146  B.C. 
66.   Subjugation     of     Macedon 
and  Greece. 
a.  Philip  V. 

1.  treaty  with  H. 


Till  v   BEPUBLR 


37 


67. 


a 


dependent  ally. 

us. 

1     Pydna, 

cuned,  L40 

Achaia. 

Review    of    Rome's    con- 
quests. 
dominion. 
1.  at  com.  of  period. 
:  period, 
toC. 

\    A. 
\d.)   B.,  A    M.,  andS. 
b.  rank. 

1.  at  com.  of  period. 

I '..  M.,  and  S. 

2.  at  close  of  period. 

68.  Rule  of  the  provinces. 

1.  "  It.*  and  the  P." 
b.  new  feato  • 
1.  nat.  nab.,  i 
rnor. 
staff  of  oft 

e  power. 

69-71.   Grandeur  of  Rome. 
c  height. 
1.  all  eg  • 
l  talents, 

tie  walked. 
b.    gd 

l.  mi 

Italy  and  th< 
be  Tiber. 

3.  put*  l>.  in  B 


72. 
b. 


c. 

73. 

a. 
b. 

d. 

74. 

(f. 


b. 


75. 


76. 
a 

b. 


77. 
a, 

78. 
a. 

h. 
c. 


79. 
a. 


7.  clc] 

Influence  of  Greece. 

rhetorician- 

etc 
1.  pali 

begin,  of  native  prodnc 

First  bterature,  2d  c.  B.C. 
Ennius,  father  of  R.  p. 

Plautus,  p. 

elder  CatO,  iirst  p. 

Terence,  comic  p. 

Evil  influence  of  Greece. 
morals. 
1.  marri 

rel in\  I 
1.  augurs. 
Political  corruption. 

faulty  polit.  system. 

1.   devised  for  wliat  ¥ 

at  prizes. 

valuable. 

(1.  !    result. 

Growth  of  slavery. 

planters  and  mercnai 

ia  and  int.  of  A.  M. 

12,000,000,  mid.  2d  c  b.c. 
l.  5,000,000. 
Corruption  of  blood. 

motley  par.  pop. 

Luxury. 

evidence  of  \vli: 

a]>] .eared  in  wli. 

at  banquets 

insic;  dan 
purple  h  ;  car: 

Old  Rom;; 

B.O. 

1.  prot 


38 


HISTORY  OF  ROME. 


Epoch  of  Civil  Strife,  133-27 

b.  Commons — M. 

B.C. 

c.  came  to  prominence. 

80.  Bad  state  of  society. 

1.  25  or  30  y. 

a.  mind  prepar.  for  new  per. 

b.  aristoc.  of  w. 

c.  pat.  and  pleb. 

d.  peasant  pro. ;  slaves. 

e.  masses  of  people. 

87.  Wars  of  the  period. 

a.  Jugurthine,  111-106  B.C. 

b.  Cimbri,  113-101  B.C. 

c.  Social,  90-89  B.C. 

d.  M. 

1.  price  of  votes. 

2.  honest  industry. 

88,  89.  Mithridatic  war. 

f.  extremes. 

a.  King  of  P. 

81.  The  Gracchi. 

1.  design — confederacy. 

a.  Cornelia. 

2.  80,000,  88  b.c. 

1.  Scip.  Af. 

3.  invasion  of  G. 

82.  Agrarian  law. 

b.  Sulla. 
1.  elected. 

a.  Tiberius  G. 
1.  Licinian  law. 

2.  chagrin  of  M. 
(a.)  set  aside. 

2.  500  j  ugera. 

3.  Africa. 

3.  homesteads. 
b.  storm. 

4.  Greece,  86-84  B.C. 

c.  veto. 

90,  91.  Roman  massacres. 

1.  unanimous. 

a.  Marian,  86  B.  c. 

2.  colleague. 

1.  entire  city — senators. 

d.  133  b.c. 

2.  consul. 

83.  Murder  of  Tiberius  Grac- 

(a.) fortnight. 

chus. 

b.  Sulla's  massacres. 

a.  new  election. 

1.  hasty  return,  83  B.C. 

b.  violence  threatened. 

2.  overthrew. 

1.  staves. 

3.  proscribed. 

{a.)  hand  to  head. 
(1.)  report. 

4.  porch  of  house. 

c.  150,000—200. 

2.  300-133  B.C. 

92.  Sulla's  subsequent  career. 

84.  Agrarian  struggle. 

a.  dictator,  81  B.C. 

a.  commissioners. 

b.  gov.  reorgan. 

1.  2or3y. 

1.  aristoc. 

2.  work  obstructed. 

c  3y. 

85.  The  younger  Gracchus. 

a.  tribuneship — 10  y. 

b.  agitation. 

d.  78  b.c. 

1.  funeral — epitaph. 
(a.)  "1  am  S.,"  etc. 

c.  corn,  etc. 

93.  Struggle  of  factions. 

d.  2y. 

a.  ambitious  men. 

e.  bloody  combat,  121  B.C. 

1.  grand  days. 

1.  3000. 

2.  factions. 

/.  fate. 

b.  anarchy. 

86.  Rise  of  Marius  and  Sulla. 

1.  supreme  ruler. 

a.  senatorial  party — S. 

(a.)  who? 

THE  ROMAN   REPUBLIC. 


91.  Rise  of  Pompey. 

prom. 

r..< 
■ 

ro  BJ  . 

1.  ( 
d.  private  life. 

95.  His  doings  in  the  East. 
c.  pirates-  Cilicia  (A.  M.). 

1.  :;  in. 

b.  Bfithrid 

B.C. 

ison 

c.  Tutrai 

d.  PI 

e.  retun 

1.  awaited  him. 

/.  opportunity. 

96.  The  four  factions. 
a   oligarchical. 

1.  iVw  fam. 

b.   aristocratic 

1.  senators. 

C.    Marian 

1.  fam.  i 
d.  military. 

l.  off.  ol 

• 

97-100.  Leaders  of  the  factions. 
a.  P.— M.T.Cicero  (106  B.C.)— 
oligarchy. 

1.  on 

;;S])iro<l. 

haracter. 

olleagae. 

2.  bi 

csar — Marian. 

1.  8 

in  youth. 


4.  ability 

.").  o.  oi 

mily. 
Cataline    military. 
i.  off.oi 

following. 

iisulsliij). 

( icero. 
ospiracy. 
plot  betrayed. 
G.  flight  and  death. 

(a.)  Ktruria. 

101.  Position  of  Pompey. 
i<.  opportnnit 

b.  distrust — CatO. 
1.  went  over. 
(a.)  Caesar, 

102.  First  Triumvirate,  60  B.C. 

a.  united  forces. 
1.  Julia. 

b.  Crassus. 

c.  object  oi"  (\  and  P. 

(I.  nature  of  Triumvirate. 
1.  polit  partnership. 
(a.)  to  thwart. 

103.  Elevation  of  Caesar. 
a.  consul,  60  B.C. 

1.  r,  y.-o  y. 

2.  prob.  design. 

104.  His  Gallic  campaigns,  58- 

50  B.C. 

a.  Commentaries. 

105.  Position  of  Caesar. 

a.  residence. 

b.  BOOtril 

devotion  of  army. 
1.  (i.  and  <i. 

106.  Pompey  and  Crassus. 

>  B.C. 

b.  commands. 

i.  proconsul,  5. 

c.  Parthia. 


40 


HISTORY  OF  ROME. 


107.    Rivalry     of    Caesar     and 

1.  quarrel. 

Pompey. 

b.  conflict  in  Alex. 

a.  coldness. 

1.  Library. 

1.  C.  no  eq. 

2.  result. 

2.  P.  no  sup. 

c.  Pontus. 

b.  enemies. 

1.  Pharnaces. 

c.  P.  went  over. 

(a.)  laconic  despatch. 

d.  sole  con.,  52  B.C. 
1.  supported. 

115.  Caesar's  final  victory. 
a.  Pompeian  forces. 

103.  New  complications. 

1.  Scipio  and  Cato. 

a.  C.'s  demand. 

b.  Thapsus,  4G  B.C. 

1.  private  cit. 

1.  fate  of  S.  and  C. 

b.  what  proposed. 

c.  Munda,  in  Spain,  March,  45 

1.  why  unreasonable. 

B.C. 

c.  C.'s  offer. 

1.  how  received. 

116.  Caesar  and  the  State. 

d.  action  of  senate. 

a.  polit.  conseq.  of  Thapsus. 

1.  republic — Cato  at  Utica. 

109.  The  Rubicon. 

2.  monarchy — Caesar,  40  B.C. 

a.  prompt  resolve. 

b.  10  y. 

b.  his  army. 

1.  soon  afterwards. 

1.  provincials. 

e.  Imperator. 

2.  attachment  to  Rome. 

1.  meaning. 

c.  Ravenna. 

2.  vie.  gen. 

1.  Rubicon,  Jan.,  49  B.C. 

(a.)  temporary. 

d.  crossing  meant  what  ? 

3.  Emperor. 

1 .  exclaimed. 

117.  His  views  and  character. 

110.  Retreat  of  Pompey. 

a.  clear-s. 

a.  Greece. 

1.  old  R.  system. 

1.  great  army. 

b.  rule  of  one  man. 

2.  "  usurper." 

c.  humane  promise. 

111.  Caesar  master  of  Italy. 

1.  mass,  of  S.  and  M. 

a.  60  d. 

2.  good  offices. 

5.  die,  etc.,  48  B.C. 

118.  The  work  he  did. 

c.  statesmanship. 
1.  effect. 

a.  pardoned. 

1.  "  era  of  good  feeling." 

112,  113.    Battle   of   Fharsalia, 

b.  admin,  of  prov. 

48  B.C. 

c.  trade  and  ag. 

a.  Thessaly. 

d.  embellished. 

b.  result. 

e.  Pontine  marshes. 

1.  Egypt. 

/.  new  bed. 

2.  fate  of  P. 

g.  calendar. 

(a.)  Ptolemy. 

li.  gigantic  designs. 

(6.)  P.'s  head. 

*.    2y. 

(1.)  spices. 

119.  Feelings  of  the  Romans. 

114  Caesar  in  the  East. 

a.  satisfaction. 

a.  Cleopatra  and  P. 

b.  mere  name. 

THE  ROMAN   REPUBLIC. 


41 


l.  Gracchi 

lactions. 

r.  people  weary. 

120.  Real  cause  of  Caesar's  as- 

sassination. 

a.  people's  revolt 

b.  knot  of  consp. 

l.  saltish  ends. 

121.  The  conspiracy. 

a.  chiefs. 

1.  Cains  Cassias, 

2.  Marcus  Junius  Brutus. 

b.  cause. 

1.  honored  enough. 

2.  jealous. 

c.  other  malcontents. 

d.  alarming  representations. 
1.  diadem  ;  king. 

e.  60. 

122.  Caesar's  ambition. 

a.  uncertain. 

b.  regal  crown. 

1.  consul,  Mark  Antony. 

2.  Lupercalia,  45  B.C. 

123.  His  assassination. 
ipening  of  plot. 

b.  Ides  of  March. 

1.  meaning. 

c.  rumors  ;  senate. 

d.  narrative. 

1.  toga. 

3.  Brutus. 

(".)  "  Etta,"  etc. 

e.  at  the  foot  of. 

1.  loth  March,  44  B.C. 

2.  66  y. 

124.  125.   Caesar's   characteris- 

tics. 
rson 
1.  noble  and  c. 

omplex. ;  I 

3.  laurel  chaplet. 
b.  mind. 

1.  diversified1. 


8. 'a  judgment. 
(a.)  quote. 

126,  127.  Review  of  his  career. 

a.  46  y. 

b.  work  of  14  y. 

1.    (i. — swarms  ;   13.;   bey.  [I. 

Spain. 

3.  It.;  Pomp 

4.  Egypt. 

5.  Pnarni 

6.  Thapsus  and  Munda. 

c.  fifty. 

1.  million. 

d.  beneficent  plans. 
1.  regen.  of  R. 

e.  enduring  work. 

128.  Effect  of  Caesar's  death. 

a.  assass.  in  what  name  ? 
1.   "rev.  never  go  b." 

b.  new  claimants. 
1.  consequently. 

129.  Antony. 

a.  nation. 
1.    effect. 

(a.)  flight  of  B.  and  C. 

b.  representative  of  C.  prin. 

130.  Octavius. 

a.  who? 

b.  age  and  adopted  name. 

r.   old  soldiers. 
1.  vengeance. 

131.  Second    Triumvirate,    43 

B.C. 

a.  A.  and  ( >. 
1.  Lepidus. 

"  master  of  the  h." 

b.  supreme  authority. 
C.   necessary  steps. 

1.  per.  enemi 

2.  forces  of  r. 

132.  Their  proscription. 

a.  :500  s. 

b.  9000  k. 

C.   citizens. 

d.  illus.  victim. 

1.   why? — how  slain. 


42                                 HISTORY 

OF  ROME. 

133.  Battle   of   Philippi,   Nov., 
42  B.C. 

SYNOPSIS  FOR  REVIEW. 

a.  B.  and  C.  in  T. 

I.  Rome  under  the  kings. 

1.  100,000. 

a.  founding. 

b.  A.  and  0. 

1.  Latins  of  A.  L. 

1.  Philippi. 

2.  front,  post. 

(a.)  results. 

b.  steps  of  advancement. 

134.  Quarrels  of  the  three. 

c.  kings. 

a.  partition  of  the  empire. 
1.  E.  to  A. 

1.  number. 

2.  history. 

2.  W.  toO. 

d.  end  of  kingly  rule. 

3.  A.  to  L. 

e.  leading  dates. 

b.  soon  robbed. 

II.  First  Epoch,  Roman  Repub- 

c. mutual  intrigue. 

lic.  —  The     Struggle    for 

Existence — 119  y. 
a.  external  struggle. 
1.  neighbors. 
2    ter.  reduced. 

135.  Conduct  of  Antony. 

a.  Alexandria. 

b.  Cleopatra. 

1.  influence. 

2.  Octavia. 

b.  internal  struggle. 
1.  Pat.  and  Pleb. 

3.  marriage. 

2.  tribunes. 

4.  treason. 

c.  Twelve  Tables. 

136.  Battle  of  Actium,  31  B.C. 

d.  changes  in  government. 

a.  Ambracian  G. 

1.  cons.;  decern.;  mil.  trib. 

6.  naval  battle. 

e.  Gauls. 

1.  spectators. 

/.  leading  dates. 

2.  sudden  flight. 

III.  Second  Epoch,  Roman  Re- 

3. result. 

public. — The  Roman  Con- 

137. End  of  Antony,  30  B.C. 

quest  of  Italy — 126  y. 

a.  advance  of  0. 

a.  P.  oppression. 

b.  A.  abandoned. 

1.  L.  constitution. 

c.  report  of  C. 
1.  effect  on  A. 

b.  career  of  conq. 
1.  mastery  of  It. 

(a.)  "  S."  wars. 

138.  End  of  Cleopatra,  30  B.C. 

(b.)  "L."  wars. 

a.  arts  in  vain. 

2.  mastery  of  whole  It.  p. 

b.  asp,  or  needle. 

(a.)  Pyrrhus. 

1.  motive. 

c.  leading  dates. 

c.  Egypt. 

IV.   Third  Epoch,   Roman  Re- 

139. Triumph  of  Octavius. 

public.  —  Foreign     Con- 

a. no  one  left. 

quests — 133  y. 

1.  senate. 

a.  first  Punic  War — how  long  ? 

b.  farce. 

1.  undertaken  by  whom  ? 

1.  10  y. 

2.  result  favorable  to  whom  ? 

c.  gradual  absorption  of  offices. 

b.  Cisal.  G. 

1.  "Augustus,"  27  B.C. 

c.  second    Punic    War — how 

(a.)  "Roman  Empire." 

long? 

ROME  AS  AX   EMPIRE, 


1.   interval 

mull  rtaken  by  whom? 

Ilan. 
I   Spain. 
l.V 

Zama, 
Bolt, 
ad  Gh 
( .   third  Panic  War — how  long? 
1.  interval 

undertaken  by  whom*.' 

BBUlt. 

/.  leading  dates. 

V.  Fourth  Epoch,  Roman  Re- 
public. —  Civil  Strife.  — 
106  y. 

a.  cause  of  strife. 
I.   pov.  of  P. 

b.  Gracchi. 
1.   Pate. 

r.   Mithridatic  War. 
1.   Sulla  ;  result. 
(/.  bloody  d;t; 

c.  First  Triumvirate. 

1.  P 

2.  C.  into  G.—  8. 

3.  Rubicon. 

Pharsalia. 
(b.)  Thapsufl. 

4.  *  re. 

/.  Second  Triumvirate. 
1.   O.,  A.,  and  L. 
Philippi. 

(b.)  Actiuin. 

h.  leading  dafc 


CHAPTER    IV. 

ROME     AS    AN     EMPIRE. 
Age  of  Augustus . 

140.    Nature    of    the    imperial 
rule. 
a.  old  repub.  forms. 
mate. 


elections. 

(a.)  consuls,  i 

b.  all  as  A.  wished. 

1.   substance. 

.•lit  ward  pomp. 

c.  out  of  polh 

1.  fee.,  games,  corn,  etc. 

2.  degene  spair. 

141,  142.   Extent  of  the  Empire. 

a.  boundaries. 

b.  fifty  (2700);  fifteen  (1000). 

C.  countries  included:  P.,  S., 
1'..  B.,W.  II. .  R.  P.,  B.  and 
W.,  B.,S.,  I  ,the'j\,  A.  P., 
W.  II.,  C,  B.,S.,T.  in  K, 
G.,  A.  M.,  S.,  P.,  I.,  E., 
theC,  T.,  T.,  A.,  M. 

143.  Provinces. 
'/.  number. 

1.  W.  or  B.,  14. 

2.  B.  or  A.,  8. 

3.  S.  or  A.,  5. 

144.  The  three  civilizations. 

a.  L. — At.  to  Ad. 

b.  G.— Ad.  to  Mt.  Taurus. 

c.  O.— toE. 

145.  The  Latin  civilization. 

a.  area. 

1.  nat.  seat. 

2,  W.  B. 

b.  lang.  took  root  in 

1.  11. 

2.  Transalpio 

(a.)  modern  name. 

(  'art  ha  Lie 

(1.)  restored  bj 

146.  The  Greek  civilization. 

a.  area. 

i.  a 

2.  parts  Bellenized  by 
ooL 
(b.)  M.  oonq. 

b.  manners,  customs,  etc. 
1.   politically. 


44 


HISTORY  OF  ROME. 


147.  The  Oriental  civilization. 

/    Campus  Marti  us. 

a.  Eastern  pro. 

1.   elec,  rev.,  reg. 

1.  especially. 

2.  fav.  ex. -ground. 

2.  superfic.  Hel. — A.'s  succes. 

3.  porticoes. 

8.  had  never  given  up. 

k.  P.,  or  Temple  of  All  the  G. 

(a.)  did  not. 

1.  Augustus. 

148.  Government. 

2.  rank. 

a.  population  under  A. 

1.    aqueducts. 

1.  slaves. 

1.  rank. 

2.  civis  Romanus. 

{a.)  great  dis. ;  100  ft. 

.      (a.)  Italy. 

2.  20. 

b.  legates. 

(a.)  during  what  period  ? 

1.  how  appointed. 

(6.)  supply. 

2.  power. 

m.  general  description. 

c.  independ.  munic. 

1.  compared  with  A. 

d.  kept  in  check. 

(a.)  beauty  ;  utility. 

1.  pretorian  cohorts. 

2.  summary:  420  t.,  5  th.,  2 

(a.)  Rome  and  Italy. 

amph.,    7  vast   cir. ;    16 

(b.)  pay. 

pub. b.;  fount.;  pal.,  pub. 

2.  regular  troops. 

halls,    col.,    port.,    ob. ; 

(a.)  provinces. 

and  tri.  arch. 

(p.)  350,000. 

157.  Literature. 

149-156.  The  Capital. 

a.  time  how  favorable  ? 

a.  population. 

b.  patronage. 

b.  A.'s  boast. 

1.  A. 

c.  extent. 

2.  Maecenas. 

1.  20. 

c.  a  partial   compensation  for 

2.  suburbs. 

what? 

d.  30  g. 

6.  remarkable  objects. 

158,159.  Distinguished  writers. 

1.  Col.,  Cap.,  etc.,  S.-H.,  F. 

a.  this,  or  preceding  age. 

/.  Circus  Max. 

1.  V.—  M. 

1.  capacity. 

(a.)  rank. 

g.  G,  or  Flavian  Amphi. 

2.  H. — p.,  o.,  s.,  e. 

1.   capacity  ;  use. 

(a.)  characteristics. 

h.  the.,  etc. 

3.  S.__J.  War  ;  Con.  of  C. 

1.  why? 

(a.)  rank. 

i.  Forum. 

4.  L. — didac.  p. 

1.  place  of  what  ? 

(a.)  el.  and  phil. 

2.  bet.  P.  and  C. 

(b.)  low  tone. 

3.  surroundings. 

5.  C— lyr. 

(a.)  tern.,  basilica?,  etc. 

(a.)  rank. 

(b.)  stat.  and  tro. 

b.  later. 

4.  Temple  of  Janus. 

1.  L.— h.  of  R. 

(a.)  bronze. 

2.  O.— p. 

(b.)  antiquity. 

3.  M. — writer  of  e. 

(c.)  closed  when? 

4.  P.— n.  h. 

{!.)  8  c. 

(a.)  a.d.  79— P.  and  H. 

mi:. 


'.—8. 

160-163.  Augustus  and  his  suc- 
cessors. 
momentous  event 
l.   Bethlehem. 
!  y.,  6  (1. 

b.  A  1 1  y. 

c.  Tiberi 

1.  heir. 

2.  subservient  senate. 

Political  History. 

164,  165.  Kind  of  government. 
(i.  nearly 
1.  one  man. 

b.  succession. 

1.  birthright. 

2.  "Caesar "and  ''Augustus." 

c.  real  power  behind  t. 

1.  "P.  G 

TO. 

;>astime. 
(1.)  large 

2.  several  emperors. 

whyl 

166.  Growth  of  the  empire. 

a.  A.'s  advice  to  successors. 

1.  natural  boundaries. 

what  •'. 

b.  onlv  accession,   1 

2.  40  y.     quote  (Jibbon. 

« 'laudius. 

Sen. 

Domitian. 

c.  n<  rion. 
1.  1 ». 

I'ra..  2d  C 

167.  Roman  citizenship, 
a.  different  footing. 

1.  B,  citi, 

2.  leg,  and  pi 


b.  gradual  extension. 

'•lollies. 

2.  faith,  and  deserv. 

c.  old  distinction  abolished. 

1.  Caracal  la.  A.n.  "J  l  L-217. 

2.  all  free  inhab. 

168.  Latinizing  of  the  Western 

provinces. 

a.  <e.  S..  N.  A.,  and  Illyria. 

b.  Interesting  proof. 

1.    "barbarians." 

169.  Rome  loses  its  importance. 

a.  cause. 

b.  evidence. 

1.  frontiers. 

2.  new  order  of  things. 
(a.)  Diocletian. 

170.  Division  of  power. 

a.  Diocletian,  A.D.  283-305. 

1.  Illyrian. 

2.  unwieldy  mass. 

b.  Maximian. 
1.   Y\ 

c.  assistants. 

1.   "Ca?sars." 

d.  duration. 

171.  Constantine  the  Great. 

a.  empire  reunited,  a.i>. 

b.  Byzantium, 

1.  Bosphorns. 

2.  "New  R." 

3.  modem  name. 

meaning. 

c.  R.  and  I.  overshadowed. 

1.   Milan,   Xicoinedia  (Mitliy- 

172.  Theodosius  I. 

ti.    !; 

b.   sons,  A.D 
1.   Ilonorius. 
\  rcadius. 

173.  Division  of  the  empire. 

>  .  or  L.  Empire. 

b.  E ,  < i  ,  or  r>  Empire. 

c.  course  of  hist 


46 


HISTORY  OF  HOME. 


1.  Western,  A.D.  476. 

2.  Eastern,  A.D.  1453. 

Spread  of  Christianity. 

174.  Momentous  change. 

a.  period. 

b.  transformation. 

175.  State  of  the  world  at  the 

birth  of  Christ. 

a.  variety  of  relig. 
1.  pag.  and  poly. 

(a.)  exception. 

b.  100  m. — obscure  corner. 

1.  overspread;  dissolve;  ren- 
ovate. 

c.  spread  of  C.  how  aided  ? 

176.  First  spread  of  Christian- 

ity. 

a.  19th  y.  of  T. 

b.  "  Christians  "  at  A.,  Syria. 

c.  St.  P. 

1.  A.  M.,  G.,  E. 

2.  death — Nero. 

d.  order  of  progress. 

1.  Jews. 

2.  G.,  or  e.  Gentiles. 

3.  L.,  or  w.  Gentiles. 

177.  Nero's  persecutions. 

a.  the  first ;  confined. 

b.  narrative. 
1.  great  fire. 

(a.)  strange  report. 

(b. )  suspicion  how  diverted. 

c.  Tacitus. 

1.  earliest  mention. 

2.  one  Christ— Pon.  P. 

3.  dire  super. 

4.  Judaea — mis.  sect. 

5.  Rome — impure;  atrocious. 

6.  conviction. 

(a.)  hatred  of  h.  kind. 

7.  skins  of  w.  beasts. 
(a.)  dogs. 

8.  torches. 

9.  N.'s  gardens. 
(a.)  horse-race 

(&.)  N.  how  dressed. 


10.  guilt — deserved. 
(a.)  public  feeling. 

178,  179.    Real   causes   of   the 
persecution. 

a.  why  singled  out. 

1.  proselyting  ardor. 

2.  false  gods. 

3.  not  a  national  creed. 

4.  secret  m.  at  night. 

b.  summing  up. 
1.  political  rea. 

(a.)  intol. 

c.  proof. 

1.  greatest  suffering. 
(a.)  Trajan. 

(b.)  Mar.  Aurelius. 

2.  let  alone. 
(a.)  inf.  emp. 

180.  Growth  of  Christianity. 

a.  privileges  early  in  3d  c. 

1.  edifices  ;  lands  ;  elections. 

b.  continued  to  spread. 

1.  Decius  and  Valerian. 

2.  gold  refined. 

181,182.  Deadly  struggle. 

a.  Dio.  and  Max. 

1.  Galerius. 

(a*)  son-in-law  and  "Caesar." 
(b.)  spec,  enemy. 

2.  edict,  Feb.  24th,  a.d.  303. 
(a.)  churches  ;   Bibles  ;    C. 

degrad. 

3.  torn  to  pieces. 
{a.)  roasted. 

4.  fire  in  pal. 
(a.)  pretext. 

5.  incense  to  idols. 

6.  extent  of  persecution. 
(a.)  G.,  B.,  Spain. 

(1.)  Constantius  Clilorus. 

b.  Galerius. 

1 .  8  y.  —  whip   and  rack,   ti- 

gers, hooks  of  steel,  red- 
hot  beds. 

2.  permissory  edict,  A.D.  311. 

c.  turning-point. 

1.  efforts  vain — why? 


WE  AS  -t.V   EMPIRE. 


183-187.   Constantino. 
och. 

!   whom'.' 

ath  in  B. 
1.  5 

non,  a. iv 

1.  Max.ntius. 

2.  Luminous  trophy. 

•    In  hoc  vin." 

3.  result  of  battle. 

4.  dream. 
e.  Labarum. 

lid  of  M  ,  a.d.  313. 
1.  effect. 
g.  the  state  relig.,  a.d.  324. 

1.  C.  Bole  master. 

2.  subjects  exhorted. 

3.  one-twentieth. 

4.  forbid  paganism, 
(a.)  ridicule  and  n. 

5.  use  of  pub.  mon. 

Lergy — taa 

7.  Sunday. 

8.  Cap.  removed. 

188.  Dying  struggle  of   pagan- 

ism. 
a  Julian,  the  Apostate,    a.d. 
861. 

Of  lib  C. 

majority. 
— final  blow. 

189.  Intellectual     influence    of 

the  new  faith. 
real  subj< 
l.  polit  speculation. 

190.  The  Fathers. 

a.  T. — earliest  L. 

i.  a,  a.d.  L6o, 

\.d.  198. 

b.  O. 

1.  E  .  a.d.  186  or  ' 

2.  ed  and  com.— wrote  in  GK 
0.  <  •       ki  of  C  .  mid.  8d  c. 

[Jn.  of  C.M 
Valerian. 
d.  Am  —At.  of  M. 


\  Indicated  I  p. 

Theodosius  I. 

I 
e.  Ath.— Pat.  of  A. 

1.  Al  .  end  of  3d  c. 

2.  Tr'm it   ag.  Alius. 

/.   G.  Xazianzen      Pat.  ol 

1.  ( 'aj>..  early  in  4th  c. 
the.  and  rel.  p. 
g.  Ch.— Pat.  of  C, 

1.  An.,  a.d.  864 

surname — works  in  G. 
h.  J. — found,  of  M. 

1.  Dal.,  AD.  840. 

2.  Vulgate  (vulgus). 

3.  learned  in  11. 

L  An.— B.  of  Hip.— F.  of  Lat  T. 

1.  Num.,  a.d.  864 

2.  "G.  of  C",  "Or.  s: 

of  G.,"  "< 

3.  rank. 

Roman  Life,  Manners,  Customs, 
etc. 

191.  Men's  dress. 

a.  toga. 

1.  description. 

2.  in  the  streets. 

(a.)  pallium,  or  lacerna. 

3.  full  dtf 

theater. 

b.  bend 

1.   bood. 

c.  f< 

1.  soleae  ;  calceus. 

d.  finger-rings. 
1.    story. 

192.  Ladies'  dress. 

mic. 

I.   inner. 

b.  stola. 

1.   distinctive. 

[be. 

c.  palla. 

1.    worn  wbere? 
ibe. 

d.  hair— g.  pin, 


HISTORY  OF  ROME. 


193.  Food. 

a.  early  R. 

1.  virtues  sapped. 

b.  degenerate  ages. 

1.  end  of  life. 

2.  meals. 

(a.)  jentaculum  —  when? 

what  ? 
(&.)  prandium  when? 

what? 
(c.)  ccena. 
C.  Roman  dinner. 

1.  preliminary. 

(a.)  e.,  f.,  rad.,  etc. 

2.  fercula. 

(a.)  fish — tur.,  stur.,  etc. 
(&.)  birds —  pea.,    pheas., 

etc. 
(c.)  flesh — young  p.,  ven. 

3.  dessert. 

194.  Table  usage. 
a.  couches. 

1.  triclinium. 

(a.)  slaves. 

6.  round  tables. 

c.  table-cloth  ;  napkin. 

d.  spoons. 

1.  describe. 

e.  lamps — exquisite. 

1.  dripping ;  smoke, 

195.  Drink. 

a.  chaplets — r.,  m  ,  v.,  i.,  p. 
1.  hair. 

b.  wine — strained. 

1.  pure. 

{a.)  Falernian — H. 

2.  honey. 

3.  warm  water,  etc. 

196.  Baths. 

a.  hardy  ancestors — Tiber. 

b.  tep.  and  vap. — 7  or  8. 

c.  gossip. 

197.  Amusements. 

a.  theater. 

b.  circus. 
1.  bets. 

c.  amphi. — most  brutal. 


1.  trumpet's  sound. 

2.  grew  red  ;  freedom. 

3.  mercy. 

(a.)  thumbs. 
(&.)  sword. 

4.  wild  b. 

5.  whole  armies. 
(a.)  Dacia. 

(1.)  10,000. 

198.  Books. 

a.  papyrus,  or  parchment. 

1.  pen — lamp-b.,  or  sepia. 
6.  stick — (<  volume." 
c.  stylus — whence. 

1.  w.  tablets. 
(a.)  coating. 

199.  Marriage. 

a.  forms. 

b.  confarreatio. 

1.  escort  of  bride. 
(a.)  cake. 

(b.)  distaff  and  spin. 

2.  threshold — evil  omen. 

3.  fire  and  water. 

4.  keys— sheepskin. 

5.  supper. 

200.  Slaves. 

a.  household  work. 

b.  earlier  times. 

c.  days  of  the  empire. 

1.  purse,  cellar,  etc. 

2.  litter  ;  walk. 

3.  read.,  sec,  phys. 

4.  music,  buffoons,  etc. 

d.  bought  and  born. 

e.  slave-market — cattle. 
/.  taverns  ;  4000. 

201.  202.  Houses.  % 

a.  source  of  information. 

1.  disinterment   of  P. — a.d. 
79. 

b.  palaces  of  the  wealthy. 

1.  ground-floor. 

2.  vestibule. 

(a.)  rows  of  what? 

3.  doorway. 


ROME  AS  AN   EMPIRE. 


shell, 


atrium 

Lines  of  pillars. 

5.  peristyle. 

floor. 

Nails. 

ceilings. 

\\  indows — talc. 

6.  ro 

;  quilts. 

8.  tables. 

9.  sideboards. 

c.  common  people. 

Last  Days  of  Rome. 

203.  Review. 
ld.  476. 

1.  circumstances. 

204.  Signs  of  decay. 

I   tO  exist. 

l.  empire. 
b.  n 

1.  blood  corru] 

ft   luxury. 

consent  to  despo. — 500. 

205.  Change  of  capital. 

a.  signal  proof. 

b.  easy  step. 

c.  sons  of  Tip 

l.  U.  or  w.  Empire. 

Latin  nations. 

8.   EL  •  mpire. 

and  0.  nations. 

206.  The  Teutons. 
</.  inlial. 

b.  dangerous  i 

1.    A 

c  Important  result  of  contact 

207.  Goths. 

1  formanic  fam. 

iavia  and  Walla- 

chi 


1.  Ti  .  lo."). 

tarelian. 

r.    Avian  ( 'hristians. 
1.    I    ililas. 

(a.)  oldest  T,  writing. 

208.  First  settlement  of  Goths 

within  the  empire,  A.D. 
376. 
O,  Huns— T.,  or  Kalmucks. 
1.  movement 

b.  request — Valens. 

c.  bargain. 

1.  children  ;  arms. 
(a.)  bribes. 

d.  danger. 

1.  million — nat.  front. 

209.  Their  behavior. 

a.  vow. 

b.  hosti! 

l.  excuse. 

c.  Hadrianople,  a.d.  078. 

i.    Yalens. 

d.  overspread  country. 
1.   It.  and  A.  sea. 

e.  capitulation. 

1.  Theodosius  the  G.,    A.D. 

/.  servio 

1.  inevitable. 

210.  Alaric. 

a.  revolt  of  Visigoths,  (i  e. — \ 
1.  division  of  empire. 

h.   on  their  shields. 
r.   Koine,  a.d.  410. 

211.  Signs  of  dissolution. 
a.    Britain. 

1.   Aug  ai 

QauL 

1.   Pranks,  Hurg.  and  G. 
r.   Spain. 

1.    Van..  etc. 

d.  Africa,  a.d. 

1.    \ 

•  Tic. 

212.  Attila,  the  Hun. 
a,  log-house  in  II. 


50                             MEBIMYA1 

rj  HISTORY. 

1.  half  m. 

2.  treasure  and  captives. 

2.  purpose. 

214.  Downfall  of  Rome. 

b.  Chalons,  a.d.  451. 

1.  R.,  G.,  F. 

2.  Aryan  civ.  and  T.  des. 

a.  empire  in  name. 

b.  one  emp.  enough. 
1.  Zeno. 

c.  Alps. 

(a.)  Odoacer. 

(1.)  G.  Herulians. 

d.  return  to  H. — Leo. 

e.  savage  boast. 

(2.)  Patrician  of  I. 

/.  death. 

c.  Romulus  Augustulus. 

1.  result. 

1.  character. 

213.  Genseric. 
a.  who? 

2.  pension,  a.d.  476. 
d.  0.  proclaimed. 

b.  Carthage. 

214.  Closing  act   of   the  gr 

c.  anchored  in  T. 

drama. 

d.  sack  of  R.,  a.d.  455. 

a.  tiara  and  purple. 

1.  14  d. 

1.  sign. 

SECTION    IV. 


MEDIEVAL    HISTORY. 


INTRODUCTION. 

1.  Scope  of  Modern  History. 

a.  comprehensive  sense. 
1.  new  actors  ;  new  civ. 

b.  convenient  subdivision. 

1.  Middle  Ages— 1000. 

2.  narrower  sense. 

2.  Real   nature  of  the  Middle 

Ages. 
a.  apparent  relapse. 

1.   "  Dark  Ages." 
&.  germinating  season. 

1.  seeds  of  mod.  civil. 
(a.)  new  inst. ;  new  na. 

c.  shaping  season. 
1.  mod.  BOC. 


CHAPTER    I. 

THE    NEW    RACES. 

3,  4.    Historical  races   of    Eu- 
rope. 

a.  grand  divisions. 

1.  G.-L.;  C;  T.;  S. 

b.  stock. 

1.  ancient  history. 

2.  modern  history. 

5.  Unity  of  Aryan  races. 
a.  one  family. 

1.  term. 

2.  migration  into  E„  2500  B.C. 

6.  Order  of  migration. 
a.  first  wave — C. 


THE  NEW  /.' 


:,i 


•  lit.  and  1 

ttic 
Gfect  oo  T. 
l".  plain, 
me  of  the  BeL  and  Lat.  mi- 

7.  Ancient  Aryan  civilization. 
a.  peninsulas. 

l.  favored  branch. 

n. ;  culture. 
brother-ra 

(a.)  written  language,  arts, 

3.  outside. 

8.  Influence   of   Rome   on    the 

Celts, 
(inn.  of  Greece.) 
.ml. 
1.  EL  franchise. 

0.  Transalpine  Q. 
1.  .1 

itizenship. 
c  <  felt-Iberians  of  S. 

Is. 
.ail  and  Spain. 

9.  The  Teutons. 

a.  first  appearance  in  hist, 
l.  Borne. 

b.  incorporation. 

1.  D 

lish< 

10.  Unity  of  the  Teutons. 
a.  Bvnoi  :  ins. 

1.   '! 

1.   kinship, 
.dividualii;  able. 


11.  Leading  Teutonic  tribes. 

numeration  : — 0.,    I 
Bur.,  Lou 

12.  Goths  (Teutons). 

Scan. 

1.  Godoland. 

2.  Qodesconsia. 

8.  Gothland. 

b.  roving  spirit. 

c.  southward,  a.i>.  200. 
1.  Visigoths,  (i.  e. — ). 

oths,  (i.  e. — ). 

d.  first  of  the  Teutons. 
1.  Arianism. 

13.  Movements   of  some   Teu- 

tonic tribes. 

a.  Van..  Sue.,  Burg. 

1.  uplands. 

2.  wnen  v 

b.  B.  in  I 

1.  memorial. 

c.  V.  and  S. 

1.  founded  k.  where? 
\ndalusia. 
former  name. 
(&.)  Visigoths,  a.d.  414 
(1.)  priority. 

d.  V.  to  A. 
1.  Oarth; 

(a.)  absorbed. 

14.  Franks  (Teutons). 

a.  aignif.  of  name. 

b.  B.  and  lower  R. 

■  :«ul. 

i.urirundians  ;  Vis. 
d.  France — Kome. 

15.  Teutons  in  Italy. 

•ths, 

r — Ileruli. 

Patrician,  A.D. 

ft   !.< 

1.   Jut.;   El.;  D. 


52 


MEDIJFJVAL  HISTORY. 


(a.)  Ostrogoths,  end  6th  c. 

c.  gradually — I.,  F.,  S. 

(1.)  Lombardy. 

d.  why  called  "Romance?" 

16.  Anglo-Saxons  (Teutons). 

21.  English  language. 

a.  Saxons. 

a.  purely  T. 

1.  significance  of  name. 

1.  why? 

2.  Holstein. 

b.  Romance  influence. 

3.  basin  of  the  W. 

1.  Nor.  invasion,  11th  c. 

b.  Angles  and  Jutes. 
1.  D. 

22.  Pure  Teutonic  languages. 

c.  Low  Germans. 

a.  L.  influence. 

1.  North  Sea. 

1.  consequence. 

2.  contact  with  R. 

b.  enumeration. 

3.  Britain,  5th  c. 

23.  Slavonic  languages. 

17.  Scandinavians  (Teutons). 
a.  9th  and  10th  c. 

a.  stock. 

b.  distinct  from. 

1.  Norse. 

23.  Summary  of  modern  Euro- 

18.  Slavonians. 

pean  languages. 

a.  stock. 

a.  Romance. 

b.  appear  when  ? 

1.  — ,  2.  — ,  3.  — . 

c.  sadly  suggestive. 

&.  Germanic. 

d.  representatives. 

1.  — . 

1.  P. 

(a.)  our  day. 

2.  R. 

2.  — . 

(a.)  civ.  when? 

(a.)  our  day. 
3.  — . 
(a.)  including. 

19.  Non- Aryan  races. 

a.  few  in  E. 

c.  Germanic  and  Romance. 

b.  Ural  Ms. 

1.  — . 

1.  mod.  H. 

d.  Celtic. 

(a.)  why? 

1.  — ,  2.  — . 

c.  Mongols,  or  Tartars. 

6.  Slavonian. 

1.  Attila. 

1.  __  2.  — . 

2.  Magyars. 

(a.)  a.d.  1000. 
(6.)  H.  nation. 

3.  Turks. 
(a.)  B.  Empire. 

CHAPTER    II. 

20.  Rise  of  the  Romance  tongues. 

THREE    CENTURIES    OF 

a.  L.  the  com.  sp.  of  G.,  S.,  I. 

HISTORY. 

1.   at  what  time  ? 

The  Byzantine  Empire. 

2.  out-of-the-way  cor. 

3.  corrupted  by 

24.  Eastern  Empire. 

(a.)  natives. 

a.  tradition  and  substance. 

(b.)  Teut.  settlers. 

b.  not  involved. 

(1.)  why  had  to  learn  L. 

c.  1000  y. 

b.  "  Roman,"  a  sort  of  cor.  L. 

1.  coming  into  being. 

1.  classical  L. 

d.  condition. 

77//;/  HISTORY. 


58 


25.  Reign    of    Justinian,   A.  D. 

527-565. 

-•.  Sophia. 
aws  codified. 
l.  why  Deeded. 
i  ribonian. 

.    Institutes.    Pan- 

3.  K.  Civil  Law — theground- 

work, 
(rt.)   notable  exception. 

26.  Nature    of    Byzantine   his- 

tory. 

by  of  little  concern. 
.'».  civilization. 

1.  on  the  surface. 

2.  at  the  core, 
claim  of  emp.  at  C. 
1.  put  forth  when  I 

Italy  down  to  Charlemagne. 

27.  The  Ostrogoths. 

retrospect. 

b.  Ost.  kingdom. 
1.    B.  Sea  and  A. 

Theodoric,  or  Dietrich. 

c.  relations  to  Bmp.  of  I'. 

1.  Odoaoer. 

2.  character  of  march. 

ons. 

4.  rate  of  o. 

28.  Reign  of  Theodoric. 

cured  his  conq. 
1.  military  ten 
•  1 1  i  r<  1 . 

-ors. 
icted. 

b.   revival  of  It. 
1.   sword. 

•  n  and  BCl 

1.  fright! 

29.  Reconquest  by  Justinian. 
a.  inter 


b.    first  aide  ruler. 

teliaariua 
i.  Rome. 

d.    Nars*  s.  a.d 
<  .     It.  reduced. 

1.   Bxan  hs  of  Ilavenna. 

30.  Lombard  invasion. 

a.  J.'fl  death,  a.d.  565— 3  y. 

b.  third  T.  deluge. 

L.  why  so  call< 
1.    Lombardv. 
(a.)  Pavia,  a.d.  5G8. 

d.  treated  It.  how/ 
1.    result. 

(a.)  Venice. 

31.  Later  history. 

a.  It.  divided  bet.  whom? 

1.  300  y. 

b.  Lombards  where? 

e.  Bya.  w  I 

d.  Desiderius. 

1.  Charlemagne,  a.d.  3 ; 

Beginningrs  of  France. 

32.  Rise  of  France. 

a.  established  theinseh 

1.  disruption  of  W.  R.  E. 

2.  V.,  B.,  V. 

:\.  Clovifl  (Ludwig,  or  Louis). 

b.  foundation  laid. 

1.   capital  (Lutetia),  a.d.  507, 
ft    relig.  condition. 

33.  Relations  to  Constantinople. 

<f.   distance,  | 

b.  frieii' 

c.  crown  and  purple. 

34.  Successors  of  Clovis. 

b.    1st  dynasty— 100  J. 
1.  Merowig. 

grandfather, 
rimes  and  violence. 

35.  Mayors  of  the  Palace. 
a.  prime  mini 

1.   real  poi 


54 


MEDIEVAL  HISTORY. 


b.  chosen  by  whom  ?  for  what  ? 

c.  army. 

d.  "  sluggard  kings." 
1.  sign  of  kingship. 

36.  Charles  Martel. 

a.  Saracens,  a.d.  732. 
1.  consequence. 

37.  Pepin  (son). 

a.  convent. 

b.  a.d.  753. 

c.  Carlovingian  Dynasty. 
1.  Charlemagne. 

Beginnings  of  England. 

38.  Anglo-Saxon  conquest. 

a.  R.  withdrawn. 
1.  when? 

b.  Low-Gr.,  mid.  5th  c. 

1.  Elbe  and  Weser. 

2.  knew,  cared. 

3.  lang.  and  relig. 

c.  fate  of  Celtic  B. 
1.  mountains,  etc. 

39.  The  three  tribes. 

a.  A.,  S.,  J. 

b.  memorial  names. 

1.  "  Saxon." 

2.  "Anglo-Saxon." 

3.  "England." 
(a.)  significance. 

4.  Jutes. 

40.  Growth  of  England. 

a.  continued  immigrations. 

1.  150  y. 

2.  heathenism. 

b.  Rom.  missionaries. 
1.  fol.  cen. 

c.  little  k. ;  wars. 

1.   "kites  and  crows." 

d.  Egbert,  9th  c. 
1.  Charlemagne. 

Rise  of  the  Saracens.1 

41.  Subject  stated. 
a.  invasion  of  E. 

1.  S.  race  ;  followers. 


b.  religion. 

c.  dominion. 

42.  Mohammed's  early  life. 

a.  Mecca,  in  A.,  a.d.  570,  or  571. 

b.  40. 

1.  occupation;  character;  ed- 

ucation. 

2.  information. 

(a.)  journeys — S.  and  P. 

c.  retirements. 

d.  commission. 

1.  compared  with  J.  and  C. 

e.  friends,  etc.,  to  do  what  { 

43.  His  system ;  its  value. 

a.  reformer  of  A. 

1.  more  rational. 

2.  one  nation. 

b.  Koran — meaning. 

c.  Islam — meaning.  . 

44.  Hegira,  July  15th,  AD.  622. 

a.  first  disciples. 

b.  public  treatment. 

c.  Medina. 

1.  chronological  era. 

2.  how  received. 

3.  first  mosque. 

45.  Koran  and  sword. 

a.  dreamer. 

1.   "key  of  h.  and  h." 

b.  10  y. 

c.  Moslems,  or — . 

d.  preparing. 
1.  a.d.  032. 

46.  Conquests  of  the  Caliphs. 

a.  Successors. 

1.  spir.  and  temp. 

b.  Abu-beker  (f.-in-L). 

c.  proselyting  spirit. 
1.   choice. 

d.  spread — A.,  A.;  E. 

47.  The  East. 

a.  O.  pos.  of  B.  empire. 

b.  Abu-beker. 

1.   S.  and  Mes. 

c.  Omar. 

1.  E.  and  N.  Af. 


IRE  OF  CHARL1 


:>:> 


Lil». 

vil  strife. 

radual  crunilil  : 

rf.  beyond  Ml   T. 

I  Itli  and  I2tfa  c. 

.  nee. 

55.  In  the  West. 

to  India. 

1  hmmiyad  1 

b.   Cordova. 

48.  In  the  West. 

Moors-  lo. 

(/.  resistance. 

b.  1                ld.  868-61 

56.   Saracenic  learning. 

1.  how  repelled. 

10  v. 

a.  compared  with  Eur. 
1.  cult,  of  Learning,  etc. 

b.  competing  schools. 

1.    resistance. 

tie,  Tripoli 
d.  i                rait,  \.n.  710. 

1.   (\  and  B. 
c.  from  them  proceeded. 
1.  nied.,  etc. 

1.  "Jebel  Tarik.M 

49.  Spain. 

SYNOPSIS  FOR  REVIEW. 

I.   Spain. 

1.    Rod<  rick. 

a.  Visigothic  k. — down,  of  R. 

i  "last  of  the  Q 

1.  first  of  the  new. 

b.   Asturias. 

50,  51.   Saracenic  aggression. 

b.  Saracens,  8th  c. 

(1.     !\\  !>   ! 

II.  The  Franks. 

1.  lodgement. 

a.  dovis,  beg.  6th  c 

•d-el- Rahman. 

1.   Merovingian — one  c. 

b'.  Pepin,  mid.  8th  c 

all  Europe. 

III.  England. 

b.  Charles  Mattel.  a.i>.  i 

a.  Low-G. — down,  of  R. 

1.  Tours  and  Poictii 

b.  petty  k. 

Veil. 

i>ert,  early  in  9th  c. 

IV.   Italy. 

3.   surname. 

<>.  Visfgoths,  a.d.  476. 
1.  Oaoao 

52.  Foothold  in  Spain. 

20  y. 

53.  Division  of  Saracenic  em- 

b. Ostrogoths. 

pire. 

1.  Theodoric 

liph. 

00  y. 

1.  how  loj 

Byz.  Exarchs. 

J  &.   Lombard  k. 

b.  (i 

1  Iharlemagne. 

lad. 

64.   Events  in  the  E 

hid. 

:  \  PTEB     III. 

1.    A 

EMPIRE     OF     CHARLE- 

MAGNE. 

tie. 

57.   Subject  stated. 

vivid  pictu 

<i .  ruins  rebuilt 

56 


MEDIEVAL  HISTORY. 


1.  Charlemagne,  his  rank. 

58.  Charlemagne's  birth. 

a.  Pepin. 

1.  first  Carlo. 

2.  imbecile  k. 

b.  a.d.  742. 

c.  Karl. 

d.  Teuton  in  what  ? 

59.  Frankish  kingdom. 
a.  portions  of 

1.  F. 

2.  G. 

60.  Contemporary  events. 

a.  Italy. 

1.  Lombards. 

2.  Byzantine  empire. 

b.  England. 

1.  feeble  and  warring. 

c.  Spain. 

1.  Moslems. 

61.  Situation  of  the  Franks. 

a.  lifting  itself. 

b.  center  of  rising  T.  civ. 

62.  63.  Charlemagne's  design. 

a.  R.  empire. 
1.  on  G.  soil. 

b.  aimed  to  use. 

1.  political  ideas,  etc. 

2.  ad.  pow.  of  the  Ch. 

c.  carefully  cher. 

1.  old  G.  inst. 

2.  protec. ;  champ. 

d.  numer.  wars. 
1.  46. 

64.  His  foes. 

a.  G.  pagans. 

b.  outlying  Scythians. 

c.  why  dangerous. 

1.  neighbors. 

2.  barbarians  and  pagans. 
(a,)  press  heavily. 

d.  main  object. 

(a.)  extend  the  domain. 

65.  Wars  with  the  Saxons. 
a.  most  troublesome. 


1.  Weser  and  Elbe. 
(a.)  to  B.,  3  c.  before. 

b.  repeatedly  subdued. 

c.  terrible  vengeance. 

1.  4200. 

2.  baptized  and  peaceable. 

66.  Eastern  conquests. 

a.  Bavaria. 

1 .  Avars  —  Pannonia     (now 

what  ?). 

2.  overpowered. 

b.  annexation. 

c.  result. 

1.  first  union  of  G. 

2.  F.  k.  how  far  extended. 
(a.)  Theiss ;  Save. 

61.  Saracens. 

a.  Saragossa. 

1.  Aragon  and  Navarre. 

b.  up  to  Ebro. 

c.  Roncesvalles. 

1.  Roland. 

2.  result. 

68.  Italy. 

a.  aid  solicited. 
1.  Adrian  I. 

b.  monastery. 

c.  "iron  crown." 

d.  annexation,  a.d.  773. 

69.  Extent    of    Charlemagne's 

dominion. 

a.  inheritance. 

b.  800. 

c.  R.  E.  West. 

1.  Ebro,  Elbe,  Theiss  ;  Italy; 
Cor.,  Sar.,  Bal.  Isles. 

d.  kingdom  ;  empire. 

70.  Crowned  emperor. 

a.  a.d.  800,  climax. 

b.  visit  in  state. 

1.  St.  P.— C.  day. 
(a.)  prayer. 
(b.)  "E.  of  the  W." 
(1.)  title. 

71.  Charlemagne's  energy. 
a.  latter  y. — consol.,  etc. 


THE   FEUDAL   SYSTEM. 


dnted  with  whi 

1.    I  P.,  inon. 

72.  Scholarship. 

Bitron. 
b.  Lat.  And  <J. 
r.  learned  chui 

l.  delight 
d.  "  School  <»f  tin-  Pala 

i.,    rlirt  .    mus.,    log.,   ast., 
nat.  hist. 
/.  writing. 
1.  churchmen. 

73.  Education  of  the  people. 

Etenl  of  his  int. 

b.  monast* 

l.  school. 

c.  ancient  Romans — convents. 
(7.  Ger  heroic  bal. 

church  mm 

74.  Person  and  habits. 

stature  and  appearance. 

b .  (1 

c.  dined  — fond  of. 

d.  hated. 

ading  at  table. 

1.  ].' 

/.   Frank ish  dj 
1.  Roman. 

75.  Residence. 

a.  Aix-la-(  lhapelle  I  Aachen). 

b.  two  capitals. 
I.  palace. 

75.  The  world's  homage. 

lion. 
b.  H.-al 

1.    ap",    ele   ;    (lock   (llOU 

76.  End  of  his  empire. 

a.  a  i).  814 

b.  I.' 

1.  repose  of  clo 


1       I\    G    .    I. 

1.  hist,  of  tic 

"J.   hist,  of  the  Y  and  G. 


CIIA  PTEB     IV. 

THE    FEUDAL    SYSTEM. 

77.  Programme  of  topics. 

live  chapto 

1.  general  view. 
peal  his.  fj 
b.    F.;    1>.   P  ;    ('.  and  ('.;    D.  A.: 
revival. 

78.  General  statement. 

a.  marked  feature. 

b.  origin  of  P. 

1.  per.  pel.  of  m.  to  m. 

c.  spread,  1 1th  c. 

d.  duration. 

1.  changes — mod.  h. 

79.  Explanation  of  the  system. 

a.  allodium,  freehold. 

1.  free  <i.  soldier. 

2.  share  of  spoil. 

b.  feudum,  or  lief. 

1.   king's  share. 

service  in  war,  etc. 

3.  f.  tenure. 

4.  held  how  long? 

C.  suzerain,  liege,  lord. 

d.  liegeman,  vassal,  retainer. 

80.  Ramifications  of  the  system. 

a.  kings  to  fay. 

b.  holders   of  exten.   allods   to 

whom  V 
1.  obtaining  what  I 
i-isli.  and  ah    to  k. 
1.  bound  to  clo  whi 

81.  Duties  of  a  liegeman. 

a.  usual  tenure. 
1.  fiefs  from  king. 

(b.)  war. 


58 


MEDIEVAL  HISTORY. 


2.  fiefs  from  lords. 
(a.)  castle. 
(&.)  war. 
&.  protection  to  vassal. 

82.  Feudalism  universal. 

a.  popularity  of  the  f.  ten.  of 

prop. 

1.  rich  gifts  to  nobles. 

2.  allod  exchanged  for  fief. 
{a.)  why? 

b.  connect,  sys.  of  fiefs. 

c.  chain  of  ranks. 

d.  royal  vassals. 

1.  Duke  of  Normandy. 

83.  Illustration  from  war. 

a.  summons. 

1.  king. 

2.  chief  nobles. 

3.  smaller  proprietors. 

4.  farm,  and  yeomen. 

b.  army. 

1.  bands  of  freemen. 

(a.)  armed  at  whose  cost  ? 
(b.)  followed  banner. 

84.  Serfs  and  slaves. 

a.  freeholders. 

b.  mass  of  people. 

c.  bound  to  land. 
1.  slaves. 

d.  slaves. 

1.  war. 

2.  crime. 

85.  Nature  of  a  fief. 

a.  castle. 

b.  vil.,  or  attached  do. — tillers. 

1.  villains. 

(a.)  ville,  or  vil. 
(5.)  freeborn. 

2.  serfs. 

{a.)  born  thralls. 

86.  The  system  in  England. 

a.  spread  in  other  lands. 

b.  W.  of  N.,  1060. 
1.  claim. 

87.  Norman  castles. 
a.  first  thought  of  N. 


b.  castles. 

1.  courts. 

2.  keep — baron. 

3.  barbacan. 
(a.)  portcullis. 

(b.)  lead  and  pitch. 

c.  gray  ruins. 

88.  Evils  of  feudalism. 

a.  romance. 

b.  reality. 

1.  guaranteed  rights. 
(a.)  good  proprietor. 
(b.)  will  and  caprice. 

2.  oppression. 
(a.)  redress. 

(1.)  magistrates. 

89.  Effect  on  the  nation. 

a.  nationality. 

b.  isolation. 

c.  cluster  of  confed.  p. 

d.  what  if  obedience  refused. 

e.  lawlessness. 

90.  Enemies  of  feudalism. 

a.  R. 

b.  theM. 

c.  theC. 

91.  Influence  of  royalty. 

a.  principle  of  r.,  centralism. 

b.  principle  of  f.,  diffusion. 

c.  change. 

1.  at  the  outset. 

2.  centralism. 
(a.)  why? 

(1.)  nationality. 
(2.)  pierce  down. 

3.  decrees  for  whole  k. 
(a.)  fountain  of  law. 
(&.)  will  of  f.  chief. 

92.  Rise  and  influence  of  cities. 

a.  Roman  system. 
1.  free,  self -gov. 

(a.)  survivors  of  T.  inva- 
sions. 
(b.)  little  repub. 

b.  tendency  in  turbulent  feu- 

dal times. 


'•  THE  PAPAL    P0H 


Use. 
appointed. 

mayor,  aid 

:ree. 
I  1* . 

minions. 

1.  finally  overthrew. 

2.  limited,  rep.  mon. 

93.  Influence  of  the  clergy. 

a.  spiritual  dominion. 
1.  natural  ally. 

b.  more  than  one-half. 

Minion  brotherhood. 
1.  injustice  and  arbit.  p. 

94.  Other  influences. 

1  ru. ;  gun.;  00m.;  know. 

95.  Summary. 
adapted. 

1.  barbarous. 
b.  overthrown. 


CIIAPTEK     V. 

GROWTH    OF    THE    PAPAL, 
POWER. 

96.  Subject  stated. 

Tin  01  <  'ath.  ( '. 

1,  how  it  are 
how  it  grew. 

.  politics. 

b.    absolutely  i 

97.  Power    of   the  Bishop    of 

Rome. 
a.  overthrow  of  W.  E. 
1 .    ft] 

Looked  ap 
church  alone. 
4.   b  hi  under. 


thrown, 
l.  Justinian. 

una. 
0.    titles. 

l.  Pontiff. 

ponl  max. 

i..  Pa.,  Pope. 

ory  VII.,  1076. 
(1.)  sanctus. 

"His  II.  the  P." 

98.  The  Lombards  and  Pepin. 

8th  c. 
1.  mast.  « 

able. 

(ft.)   aid  asked. 

b.  Pepin. 

1.  Exarchate  of  R. 
(a.)  bestowed. 
(1.)  beginning. 
r.   Charlemagne,  A.D.  800. 
1.  confirmed  grant. 

99.  The  popes  and  the  emperors. 

a.  2  c.  of  confus. 

b.  weak  kings. 
1.    Carlo. 

&  p.  pow.  grew. 

ithority  in  p. 
d.  begin,  of  struggle. 

1.  mid.  10th  c. 

2.  G.  sow  Emp.  of  W. 

feeling  of  Ital. 
{!>.)  center  of  opposition. 
( .  popes  how  vassals. 
/.   spir.  head. 

100.  Narrative  of  the  quarrel. 

a.  election  of  p. 

1.  emp.  claim. — ratification. 

2.  high  hand. 

b.  Bildebrand. 

VII. 

3.  monk  of  Soana. 

son  of  whom? 

101.  Hildebrand. 

l.  chancellor  and  a 

(o.)  20  v.— 3  p. 


GO 


MEDIJEVAL  HISTORY. 


b.  influence. 

c.  matured  plan. 
1.  regen.  of  E. 

(a.)  the  only  means. 
(b.)  daring  project. 

102.  What  he  did. 

a.  a.d.  1073. 

b.  title. 

c.  "  right  of  investiture." 

1.  ring  and  staff. 

2.  claimed  by  whom  ? 

3.  significance. 

d.  ordinance. 

1.  layman. 

2.  excommunication. 

103.  Henry  IV.  and  Hildebrand. 

a.  decree  defied. 

1.  ex. 

2.  oath  of  allegiance. 

b.  preparations  for  war. 

1.  monks  and  friars. 

2.  insurrections. 

c.  suitor  for  mercy. 

d.  21st  Jan.,  1077. 

1.  Canossa. 

2.  wonderful  scene. 
6.  revenge. 

1.  Salerno,  ad.  1085. 

104.  Policy  of  Gregory's  suc- 

cessors. 

a.  steady  adherence. 

b.  Eur.  rev. 

c.  vassals  :   Por.,   Aragon,   E., 

Sc,  Sar.,  Two  S.,  etc. 

d.  Henry  V. 

1.  Worms,  a.d.  1122. 

105.  Innocent  III.,  1198-1216. 

a.  Imperial  Prefect. 

b.  Albigenses. 

c    King  J. 

1.  tribute. 
d.  claim. 

106.  Result  of  claim. 

a.  doubtful. 

b.  large  chapter. 


CHAPTER    VI. 

THE    CRUSADERS. 
Introduction. 

107.  General  statement. 

a.  related  events. 

b.  meaning  of  term. 

c.  undertaken   by   whom?  for 

what? 

108.  Pilgrimages. 

a.  ancient  custom. 

b.  Saracens      treated     visitors 

how? 
1.  why? 

c.  Seljukian  Turks,  mid.  11th  c. 

1.  treatment  of  Christians. 

2.  palmers. 

(a.)  "  Infidels." 

109.  The  feeling  aroused. 

a.  indig. 

b.  desire. 

1.  hated  relig. 

2.  Holy  Land. 

110.  Peter  the  Hermit. 

a.  Amiens,  F. 

b.  in  youth  ;  monk  ;  solitude. 

c.  pil. 

1.  inspired. 

111.  His  preaching  and  appear- 

ance. 

a.  Urban  II. 

1.  reception. 

b.  Italy  and  F. 

1.  proclamation. 

c.  appearance. 

1.  emaciated. 
(a.)  austerities. 
(b.)  travel. 

2.  dimin.j  mean. 

3.  coarse  weeds. 
(a.)  Hermit. 

4.  eloquence. 

112.  Effect  of  his  preaching. 
a.  throngs  of  all  ranks. 


THE  CRUSA1 


61 


b.  indi 


1.   v  lilement. 

iM-il. 

inoa 

113.  Council  of  Clermont,  A.D. 

1095. 

b.  two  councils. 
1.  Clennonl 

It." 

The  First  Crusade    (A.D.  1096- 
1099). 

114,  115.  First  rush. 

and  P.  the  II. 
1.  when  classes, 

b.  perilo 

c.  Walter  the  Penniless, 

ir.  k. 

:    <  i. 

»ute  :  <;  .  II.,  Hul.,  Thrace. 

1.  i 

gantry: 
g.  n  1  B. 

1.   i 

116.  Main  movement. 
real  chiva] 

1. 

lion. 

>w.  Lorraine, 

•r. 

1.    routes — to 

117.  The  march. 


1.   th 
r.    junction. 
1.   P.  the  H., 

118.  Description  of  the  army. 
(t.  mailed  o. 

1.  HMI.OOO. 

2.  iow.  <>r  B.  chiv. 
:;.  knights, esq., m( 

holm,  and  s. 
chain  and 
)  lance  and  s. 
(d.)  ax  and  m. 
4.  glitter. 
('/.i  embroid.  and  erm.  sur. 
(b. )  inlaid  g.  and  g. 
ban.  and  pen, 
b.  footmen. 

1.  Long  and  C,  how. 

2.  miserable  contra 

119.  Advance     through     Asia 

Minor. 

a.  Nice,  or  Xica^a,  A.  M. 
1.   result. 

b.  500  to  S. 

iltan  of  Roum. 
1.  800,000. 

(J.    Dorvheuni. 
1.   onset. 
rally. 
irvedscim.  and  light  jay. 

4.  long  pointed  b.  and  gi 

lance. 

5.  30,000. 

rank  of  the  hattle. 

120.  Suffe rings  on  the  march. 

undn'ds  daily. 
l.  }.< 
l.  Orontee — Byr.  Antioch, 

121.  Siege  of  Antioch. 

a.  difficult 

1.    ;  m. — horrors     2 

b.  treachery— Ju i 

122.  Events  in  Antioch. 
500,000  M. 

1.    Per.  sultan. 


62 


MEDIAEVAL  HISTORY. 


c.  bold  rally. 

128.  Effect  in  Europe. 

d.  remnant  head  for  J. 

a.  enthusiasm. 

1.  1500  ;  20,000. 

b.  St.  Bernard. 

2.  unarmed  p.,  etc. 

1.  eloq. 

123.  To  Jerusalem. 

c.  Conrad  III. 

a.  A.  to  Jaffa,  300. 

d.  Louis  VII. 

1.  route. 

129,  130.  The  march. 

b.  interior. 

a.  a.d.  1147. 

1.  sacred  associations. 

b.  300,000. 

c.  at  last ! 

c.  German  advance. 

1.  effect  upon  them. 

1.  B.— A.  M. 

124.  Siege  of  the  city. 

2.  secret  intelligence. 

a.  Sar.  caliph  of  E. 

3.  treach.  guides. 

1.  indep. 

4.  Meander. 

2.  had  recently  won. 

(a.)  Nice. 

b.  5  w. — no  water. 

5.  nine  tenths. 

1.  July,  1099. 

d.  French  advance. 

c.  glory  stained. 

1.  Nice. 

1.  70,000  M. 

{a.)  remnant. 

2.  Jews  in  syn. 

2.  Laodicea. 

3.  A.;  J. 

125.  Kingdom  of  Jerusalem. 

a.  Christian  k. 

131.  Result. 

b.  G.,  July  23,  1099. 

a.  Damascus. 

1.  k.  of  the  H.  C. 

1.  result. 

2.  D.  of  the  T. 

b.  return. 

c.  Latin  K.  of  J. 

1.  Second  C.  closed  how? 

d.  450  y. 

126.  Later  events. 

The  Third  Crusade    (A.D.  1189- 

a.  homeward  bound. 

1192). 

1.  P.  the  H. 

132.  Saladin. 

(a.)  French  mon. 

a.  40  y. 

b.  Godfrey — one  y. — 40. 

b.  single  empire. 

1 .  character  of  rule. 

1.  Sallah-a-deen. 

c.  Baldwin  (brother). 

(a.)  Curdish  chief. 

d.  Baldwin    du    Bourg   (kins- 

2. Nile  to  T. 

man). 

c.  decay  of  Latin  k. 

e.  a.d.  1187,  Saladin. 

1.  Pal.  invaded. 

(a.)  success. 

The  Second  Crusade  (A.D.  1147- 

2.  Jerusalem. 

1149). 

(a.)  14  d.;  a.d.  1187. 

127.  Alarm  in  Palestine. 

d.  Tyre. 

a.  half  a  century. 

133.  Events  of  the  Third  Cru- 

b. threatening  dangers. 

sade. 

c.  Edessa,  A.D.  1145. 

a.  cause. 

1.  T.  emir. 

b.  took  the  cross. 

d.  appeal  to  E. 

1.  Rich.  I. — Cceur  de  Lion. 

Tin:  CEUSAj 


•  ( ). 

.lie. 

134.  Frederick's  column. 

;  100,000. 
b.  death — dli 

-ult. 
de-tenth. 

nmant — A 

135.  Siege  of  Acre. 

ms  in  B. 
ttempts  to  reli< 
\.d.  1191. 

136.  Philip  retires. 

-  dashed. 

b.  c  on. 

1.    Feck,  mid  ai 

perhaps  jealous; 

137.  Closing  events. 

b.  ti 

1.  fa  niis. 

ml.  and  lib.* 

The  Later  Crusades. 

138.  Character    of    later    Cru- 

sades. 
rlier. 
b.  subsequent. 
1.  some  ;  others. 

SAM 
Fourth  Crusade. 
motive. 

b.  aid  of  V.  1 

1.   / 


*  a    1: 


atinople. 

1.    Latin  k.,  a.d.   IS 
Fifth  Crusade,  A.D.  1216-1220 

gypt. 

first, 
arrender. 

d.  continuation,  a.d.  r. 

1.  Fred.  II.  ol 

2.  Jerusalem. 

(a.)  a-dal  with  oth< 

e.  a  few  years  afterwai 

Sixth  Crusade,  A.D.  1238 

a.  French  and  English. 
1.  negotiation. 

b.  2  y.  peace. 

1.  Turks  of  Khorasm. 

most  of  Pal. 

Seventh  Crusade. 

a.  Louis  i  81    L.),  a.d. 

1249. 

b.  result — king — ransom. 

Eighth  and  last  Crusade,  A.D. 
1270. 
a.  St.  L.  and  English. 
h.   result. 
r.   Tunis. 

1.  pestilence — king. 
I  tance  Edward 

1.    Palestine. 

turn, 
(.  last  stronghold  of  C 

Results  of  the  Crusades. 

139.  Summary. 

a.  tailed. 

b.  ef: 

140.  First  effect. 

:  t. 

1.  better  acquainted  ;    chiv. 
m.j  liberal 

141.  Effect  on  commerce. 

-^es. 
A.  modern  commen 

1.  It.  mai 

ports. 


64 


MEDIuEVAL  HISTORY. 


(b.)  stores,  etc. 

d,  spices,  etc. 

e.  trading  depots. 

1.  V.,  G.,  etc. 

2.  Levant,  etc. 

142.  Effect  on  feudalism. 

a.  diminish  strength. 
1.  breaking  up. 

143.  Effect  on  chivalry. 

a.  chief  inf. 

b.  surnames,  coats  of  arms,  etc. 
1.  composite  armies. 

144.  Intellectual  effect. 

a.  fanaticism. 

b.  feeling  tow.  Moham. 

1.  abhorrence. 

2.  respect. 

C.  liberalizing  contact. 

d.  wider  horizon. 

6,  great  intel.  revival. 


CHAPTER    VII. 

CHIVALRY-ITS      RISE 
AND    DECAY. 

145.  General  sketch. 

a.  flower  of  f . 

b.  wonderful  influence. 

c.  ripened  by  C. 

d.  ceased  to  exist. 

146.  Origin. 

a.  two  peculiarities. 

1.  honor  paid  to  a. 

2.  honor  paid  to  w. 

b.  inculcation,  11th  c. 
1.  school  in  castle. 

{a.)  composed  of  whom? 
(b.)  under  whose  eve? 
(c.)  educated  in  what? 

147.  Pages. 

a.  7  to  14. 

b.  varlet — child. 

c.  attended. 

d.  thus  taught. 


1.  o.  and  c. 

2.  m.,  ch.,  relig.  doc,  light  w. 
e.  earliest  impressions. 

1.  noble  1. 

2.  val.  k. 
/.  mistress. 

1.  polish  man. 
g.  theology  of  the  castle. 

1.  God  and  the  1. 

2.  salvation  how  secured. 

148.  Squires. 

a.  14. 

b.  master. 

c.  duties. 

1.  castle. 

2.  tournament. 

3.  battle. 

d.  21 — knight  (miles). 

149.  Ceremonial  of  knighthood. 

a.  fasting  and  confes. 
1.  night  of  p.  and  w. 

b.  new  robes. 

1.  underkirtle,   vest,   collar, 
coat  of  a. 

c.  church. 

1.  exam. 

2.  sac.  and  vows, 

(a.)  good,  brave,  etc. ;  Ch., 
etc. ;  ladies  ;  wid. 
and  or. 

d.  conclusion. 

1.  baldric  ;  spurs  ;  sword. 

150.  Dress  and  armor. 

a.  diff.  periods. 

b.  first  C. — chain  armor. 

1.  hauberk  ;   hood  and  cap  ; 
mittens  ;  shoes  ;  horses. 

c.  14th  c. — overlapping. 

d.  heyday  of  c. 

151.  Tourneys. 

a.  characteristic  amusement. 
1.  celebrated  when  t 

b.  lists. 

1.  spectators. 

c.  tilting. 

1 .  lances — "rockets." 

2.  knight's  object. 


U.I/ ATh  MIDDL1 


•  nn. 

1.   S< 

152.  Good  side  of  chivalry. 
O,    lofty  ideal. 

op.  k. 

1.    val  ,  ]«»y.,  court, 
mj. 

c.  h  toes, 

are. 

to  en. 

of  honor, 
(•ration  of  W. 

153.  Evil  side. 

</.  licentious] 

b.  pernio,  thirst. 

c.  punctilio. 
1.    duello. 

154.  Gunpowder,  effect  of. 

>advan!a: 
1.   broadsword;  arrows  ;  can- 
non-ball. 

155.  Last  of  the  knights. 

—Bayard,  a.i>.   1624. 
1.  s    re- 

proclie." 

b.  England. 

l.  Queen  E.— Sir  P.  Sidney. 

156.  Permanent  effect. 

b.    li 

1.    In 
C.    D 

1.  richly  blended. 


OHAPTEB    VIII. 

CIVILIZATION    IN    THE 
MIDDLE    AGES. 

The  Dark  A^es,   AD.  500-1100). 

157.   Subject  stated. 
a.  a  thou- 


1.  when? 

b.   first 

1.    "  D.  A." 

158.  Cause  of  the  relapse. 
a.  melancholy 

/>.  barbai 

c  decay  of  K.  <i v. 

1.   its  end  inevitable. 

ate  tor  let  I 
(a.)  orig.  works. 

3.   Gaol,  Spain,  Italy. 

(6.)  sank  to  level. 

159.  Cause  of  loss  of  culture. 

a.  change — lang. 

1.  Latin  corrupted  in  1 

and  <e 

(a.)  "  Roman." 
(1.)  Ital.,  Fr.,  Sp. 

b.  a  dead  Lang. 
1.  scholars. 

160.  Result  of  this  change. 

a.  treas.  locked. 

1.  books  in  L. 

[hie. 

2.  no  books. 

b.  Latin  in  schools. 

1.  rath,  and  mon. — relL 

161.  Use  of  letters. 

a.  forgotten. 

1.    why? 

official 

b.  sign  his  nai 

r.  in  the  keeping  of  th< 

1.    extensive. 

162.  Scarcity  of  books. 

a.  chief  c; 

b.  material  of  b. 

l.  cotton  of  i  ith  c. 

onq  of  Alex.,  7th  r. 
Importation 
archment—  costly* 


d1  prac.  in  i 

a.  palini; - 
1.   lOM 


GQ 


MEDIEVAL  HISTORY. 


163.  Eminent  men. 

1.  6th  c— St.  B.,  an  I. 

a.  many  ? 

b.  Mt.  Cassino,  in  L.  I. 

b.  learning. 

c.  spread  where  ? 

L   "Ven.  Bede"  of  E.,  A.D. 

d.  novel  feature. 

673. 

1.  ag. — best  h.  in  E. 

2.  Alcuin,  of  E. 

6.  monasteries. 

(a.)  Charlemagne. 

1.  situation. 

c.  original  thinkers. 

2.  three  vows. 

1.  John  (Scotus,  or  Erigena) 

3.  a  blessing  :    farms  ;    asy- 

of I.,  9th  c. 

lum  ;  gospel ;  anc't  lit. ; 

(a.)  bold  and  acute. 

nurseries. 

2.  Pope  Sylvester,  10th  c. 

(a.)  math. 

The  Age  of  Revival.— Cities  and 

164.  Superstition. 

Commerce. 

a.  Ages  of  Faith. 

169.  General  statement. 

&.   A.D.  1000. 

a   recovery. 

1.  "As  the  w.  is  now,"  etc. 

1.  what  nations?  when? 

c.  ordeal. 

b.   "D.  A." 

1.  iron  ;  plow -shares  ;  fluids. 

1.  shad,  grow  fainter. 

2.  Charlemagne. 
165.  Picture  of  the  age. 
a.  manhood. 

170.  Growth  of  towns. 
a.  first  signs. 

1.  intellect  enf. ;  mor.  cor. 

b.  agency  of  prog. 

b.  industries  of  society. 

1.  agriculture. 

2.  manufactures. 
(a.)  sev.  cent. 

(b.)  made  on  the  place. 

c.  always  centers. 

1.  old  (x.  and  L.  times. 

2.  Teutons. 

d.  new  towns — especially. 

e.  old  towns. 

(1.)  k.'s  clothes  in  9th  c. 

171.  Hanse  cities. 

3.  trade. 

a.  Hanseatic  League. 

(a.)  risk. 

1.  beg.  of  real  imp. 

(6.)  toll. 

2.  mid.  loth  c. 

c.  German  lords. 

3.  80. 

1.  unscrupulous. 

b.  mutual  defense. 

166.  Influence  of  the  Church. 

1.  piracy. 

a.  bridge. 

2.  pillage. 

b.  clerical  culture. 

3.  exactions  of  n. 

1.  rank. 

c.  importance. 

2.  salvation  of  society. 

1.  com. 

167.  The  monks. 

2.  freedom. 

a.  most  active  agents. 

172.  Italian  free  cities. 

b.  monachism. 

a.  priority  of  I. 

1.  contem.  life — East. 

b.  Lombardy. 

c.  laymen. 

c.  Lombard  League,  1167. 

d.  priests— vows. 

d.  independence,  1183. 

168.  The  Benedictines. 

1.   Constance. 

a.  early  rise  of  monachism. 

e.  city-republics. 

CIVILIZATION  IN  THE  MIDDLE  AGES 


Wool  manufacture. 

fth  <\ 
l.  '•  Flemish  Btufl 

.  B, 

171.   English  commerce. 

a.  2  *nq. 

bher. 

;;i  F. 
c.   mid.  14th  0. 
1.   honor  OCOUp. 

175.  Italian  commerce. 
So.  Bur, 

1.  V..  A  .  P., 

b.  with  whom  v 

1st  c. 

2.  Levant. 

175.  Other  commercial  cities. 
Prance  :  M  ,  X.,  If. 
Spain  :  B. 

176.  Silk  manufacture. 

Impulse, 

b.    \l  anl. 

1.  Palermo,  1148. 
I  T,  republi 
1.  mulberry. 

and  Catalonia. 

177.  The  Jews  and  money. 

a.  I  •  m. 
1.   moo    instit. 

b.  ai  ime. 

1.  Jew  :  wind. 

178.  Bankers  of  Lombardy  and 

Southern  Prance. 

b.  bills 

0,     ] 

d.  ostab.  themserv 

1.  01  •  t  prejud. 

i .   15. m!;  ol  Barcelona, 

1.  < 

179.  Comforts. 

Ion. 
iptuarylawB,"  1 1th  c. 


180.  Houses. 

x  tter  sort. 
b.  chimneys  \  w.-glasa — 14th  c 
l.  ancients— sm< 

d.  walls. 

Literature,  Science,  and  Art. 

181.  Universities. 

a .  earliest  signs. 

b.  Paris,  beg.  l'-'thc. — Abe. 

b  c 
C.  Oxford,  Al ,  mli  c. 
l  I).  1201). 

d.  Bologna, 

1.  10,000,  L2th  c. 

loth  c. 
/.  Prague,  1800. 

1.  earliest. 
g.  Pad.,  Tou.,  Mont.,  Sala. 

182.  Scholastic  philosophy. 

a.  crowds. 

b.  11th  and  12th  c. 

c.  dialectics — meta.  and  theol. 

183.  The  schoolmen. 

a.  who? 

b.  higju  he. 

1.  Thomas  AquinnsandDuns 
I  us. 
r.  R oscel in,  Anselm, Peter  Lorn. 

184.  Nature   and   effect  of  the 

philosophy. 

a.  friv.  q 

1.  "  How  many  n.."  etc. 

2.  "An   a.  In  passing  from 

b.  acute  Intel. 

e.  prepared  way. 

185.  Scientists. 

.  minds. 
fc    ft  th  c. — E  monk. 

klbertus  Magnus,  18th  c. 

••■(lit  due  tin  in. 

186.  Saracenic  learning. 
a.  inter* 


G8 


MEDIEVAL  HISTORY. 


b.  un.,  ob.,  lib.,  mus. 

192.  Painting  and  music. 

c.  rem.  of  G.  and  A.  learn. 

a.  p. — full  devel. 

d.  G.  and  L.  authors. 

b.  music  when  ? 

e.  order  of  ar. 

1.  Alhambra. 

187.   Saracenic  schools  in  Spain. 
a.  10th  c. 

CHAPTER    IX. 

b.  notation. 

POLITICAL    OUTLINE. 

c.  sci.  terms  :    "alg,"    "ale," 

"alch.,"  "zen.,"  "nad." 
1.  attest  what? 

From  Charlemagne  to  the  close  of  the 
Middle  Ages. 

d.  alchemists. 

The  German  Empire. 

1.  chem. — Geber,  8th  c. 

193.  Division  of  Charlemagne's 

188.  Growth   of   native  litera- 

Empire. 

ture. 

a.  Louis  (son),  814. 

a.  why  important. 

1.  partition. 

b.  earliest  works  in  Romance 

(a.)  quarrels. 

and  Ger. 

(6.)  Verdun,  843. 

c.  Troubadours     and     Minne- 

b. three  states. 

singers. 
1.  to  celebrate. 
d.  famous  collections. 

1.  German:  Nibelungen Lied. 

194.  Germany  under  the  Carlo- 
vingians. 

a.  how  long  ? 

b.  chief  power. 
1.  dukes. 

2.  Spanish  :  Cid. 

3.  Brit.:  Ar.  and  K.  of  R.  T. 

c.  elective,  911. 

e.  preludes  to  what  ? 

1.  D.  Conrad  of  Franconia. 

189.  Dante  and  Chaucer. 

195.  First    line    of    Emperors, 

a.  begin,  of  m.  lit. 

(Saxon),  919-1024. 

b.  Dante,  It,  1265. 

a.  Henry  I.  (the  Fowler),  919. 

1.  Divina  Commedia. 

1.  union  of  S.  and  F. 

c.  Chaucer,  E.,  1328. 

b.  five — period. 

1.  five. 

1.  accomplished  what  ? 

190.  Architecture. 

196.  Revival    of   the   Western 

a.  characterist.  art. 

Empire. 

1.  cath. 

a.  Otho  the  G.  (son),  930. 

b.  G.  cath. — faith  and  genius. 

1.  ''Holy/'  etc. 

c.  11th  c. — splendor. 

2.  Adelaide — Lothaire,k.of  I. 

d.  Romanesque — r.  arch. 

3.  consecrated,  962. 

191.  Gothic  cathedrals. 
a.  p.  arch. 

b.  triple  coronation. 
1.  fiction. 

c.  three  descendants — a.d.1024. 

1.  near  end  12th  c. 

b.  N.  France. 

197.  The  Franconian  emperors, 

c.  perf.,  13th  and  14th  c. 

1024-1125. 

1.  one  to  two  c. 

a.  Conrad  II. 

2.  sublimest  structures. 

1.  K.  of  Burgundy. 

POLITICAL    OUTLINE. 


C'J 


1 1,  in  y  ill  (eon)— II 
l.  rank. 

c.  Henry  IV, 
1.  troubles, 
on. 

v  II. 

(I.    Il.iiiy  Y.    son). 

1.   sainr  disputes. 
€.    A.D.   1126. 

198.  Suabian   emperors,    1138- 

1254. 

a.  Hohenstaufen, 

1.  Dukes  *>f  Suabia. 

2.  rank. 

b.  Conrad  III. 
1     k. 

c.  Fred.  Barbarossa  (nephew), 

ll.V) 
1.  Lombard  ci: 

e,  1183. 

d.  Henry  VI.  (son). 
1     Sicily. 

ird.  II.  (last  of  line). 

199.  The  Hapsburgs. 

)nfnsion. 

b.  Rudolf  I. 

c.  nominal  emperors. 

d.  growing  l<  e 
1.  pri 

e.  Sigismund. 

1.  Margrave  of  Brandenburg 
and  K.  of  II. 

w  liv  chosi 
/.  Albert  11' 

1.  A.  branch. 

g.  Fred.  III.,  I 
1.  through  M.  A. 

France. 

200.  201.    Real    beginning    of 

Prance,  10th  c. 

iiks. 
1   barb-mic   | 

3.  Carlovingian  kings. 


'  le. 

(//.)    : 
l  1.  i     I 

etc. 

Louis  the  Slugj 
b.  Hugh   Capet,    Duke  i 

A.D. 

1.  right. 

202.  Normans  in  France. 

a.  Norsemen. 

1.  imbecile  Carlo. 

2.  pirates. 

no,  901. 

Normandy. 

<  lull:  s  the  Simple. 

b.  Christian!/*  d. 

1.  softened  down. 

203.  Capetian  kings. 

a.  l.-)—:; 

204.  State  of  France. 
n.  descend,  of  H.  C. 

1.  nominal  k. 

(a.)  real  authority. 

205.  Norman  conquest  of  Eng- 

land, 1066. 

a.  3d  k.,  Henry  I. 

b.  William,  Dukeof  N. 
1.    laid  claim. 

c.  conflicts  bet.  K.  and  F. 
1.   cause  and  duration. 

206.  English     possessions     in 

France 

a.  Henry  II.,\>1'  F„. 

1.   Eleanor — Louis  VII. 
(</.)  Aquitaine. 

b.  greater  pos, 

207 .  Their  recovery  by  France. 

a.  Philip  II.  i  Augustus). 

1.  Normandy,  Maine,  etc 
John. 

b.  Louis   ; 

1.  character  of  rule. 

2.  great  nation. 

208.  House  of  Valoi 

a.  Philip   cousin), 

b.  Henry  111,  l 


70 


MEDIEVAL  HISTORY. 


209.  Claims  of  Edward  III. 

a.  nephew. 

b.  armament. 

1.  Hundred  Years'  War. 

210.  The  Hundred  Years'  War. 

a.  Crecy,  134G — vie. 

b.  Poictiers,  1356 — vie. 

c.  Peace  of  Bretigny,  1360. 

1.  E.  gave  up  what  V 

2.  Aq.  and  Cal. 
(a.)  vassal. 

d.  F.  conq.  of  Aq. 

1.  Bordeaux  and  Bayonne. 

e.  Agincourt,  1415 — vie. 
/.  treaty,  1420. 

1.  two  crowns  united. 
(a.)  mad  king,  Charles  VI. 
g.  treaty  broken. 
h.  uprising — Maid  of  O. 
1.  driven  out,  1453. 
(a.)  Calais. 

211.  State  of  the  French  nation. 

a.  grew. 

b.  close  of  M.  A. 

1.  Louis  XI.,  1483. 

2.  rank  of  F. 

England. 

212.  Review. 

a.  up  to  Char. 

b.  Egbert,  beg.  9th  c. 

213.  Troubles  with  the  Danes. 

a.  Egbert's  supremacy. 

b.  Alfred  (grandson). 
1.   Wessex,  872. 

C.  lodgement. 

d.  Canute,  1017-1036. 

214.  Effect     of    Norman    con- 

quest. 

a.  William  the  Conqueror,  1066. 

b.  ruling  class. 

1.  great  offices. 

(a.)  Church;  courts  of  law. 

2.  official  language. 

215.  Persistence  of  the  Saxons. 
a.  character 


b.  majority. 

c.  coalescence  of  languages. 

1.  200  y. 

2.  14th  c. 
{a.)  Chaucer. 

216,  217.  Norman  kings  (88  y.). 

a.  enumeration. 

1.  —  2.  — ,  3.  —  4.  — . 

b.  lineage. 

1.  second  surviving. 

2.  youngest. 

3.  fourth  daughter. 

218.  Plantagenet  line  (245  y.). 
a. — ,  b. — ,  c. — ,  d. — ,  e. — , /. — , 

g.— ,  h.— . 

219.  Loss  of  Normandy. 

a.  John. 

b.  effect. 

1.  N.  nobles. 
(a.)  dilemma. 
(b.)  choice. 

220.  Magna  Charta. 

a.  Constitution  of  E.,  13th  c. 
1.  first  step. 

b.  John,  1215. 

c.  groundwork. 

221.  Parliament. 

a.  next  step. 

b.  Henry  III.  (son). 
1.  great  nobles. 

(a.)  Sir  Simon  Montfort. 

c.  old  assembly— 1.,  c,  k. 

d.  burgesses,  1264. 

e.  importance  of  the  step. 

1 .  House  of  C. 

2.  rep.  gov. 

222.  Effect  of  the  French  wars. 

a.  nationality. 

b.  only  Englishmen. 

223.  Lancastrian  line  (62  y.). 
(deposition,  a.d.  1391).) 

a.  — ,  b.  — ,  c. — . 

224.  Wars  of  the  Roses,  1455. 

a.  red  ;  white. 

b.  Oy. 


POLITICAL   OUTLINE. 


225.   House  of  York  (24  J 

.  — . 
1. 

225.  Tudor  line. 

a.  I 

E.  med.  hist 

Italy. 

226.  Changes  in  Italy. 

< '.  parceled, 
randson). 
1.  Verd 

mho—"  ii. .iy  a  iv 

227.  Her  condition. 

ling. 

b.  Gael] 

l.  It.  people, 
ipee. 

Mix  1  lines. 
1.   emperor. 

228.  Struggle  with  Barbarossa. 
attempt. 

b.    1.'  Lombanlv,  1167, 

l.  38  ;  claim. 

1.  charters  ;  jealouf 

(i.  i 

.lid,    1  ITU. 

ace, 

1.   terms. 

229.  Most     illustrious     Italian 

republics. 

230.  Venice. 

a.  beginning  i 
1.  < 

ibip-boildii 

mannfactnj 

1.   s.  and  g. 

231.  Growth  of  Venice. 

Ik  ire. 

b.  Istria  and  DaL 


I 


i.  ith  c. 
Lorn. — Adda, 

232.  Pohtical  changes. 

.  or  D„  n  : 
l.  council  <>f  480. 
b.  Council  of  Ten, 
l.  reign  of  t. 

233.  Decay. 

<i.  League  of  Cambray,  1508. 

1.  Pope,  Km.,  and  kings. 

2.  aever. 

234.  Florence. 
n.  com.  spirit. 

b.  manuxac. 

1.    Wove  ;    j. 

c.  bank* 

1.  g.  florin,  1252. 

standard. 
Bignoria,  1250. 

1.    revolt. 
ends. 

1.    rich. 

235.  The  Medicis. 

a.  family  of  m. 

b.  Lorenzo. 
1.  head. 

-Hi-name. 

patronage. 

3.  Academy. 

4.  library. 

236.  Later  events. 

I  lharlea  VIII.  of  F. 

1.  despoiled. 

2.  banished. 

tored,  1512. 
b.   Cosmo  I. 

1.  Duke.  1587— extinction. 
0,  D.  of  T„  iv 
Pope. 

Spain. 

237.  Condition  under  Moham- 

medan  rule. 
a.  Saracenic  deluge,  8th  c. 
1.   :  istian  k. 


72 


MEDIjEVAL  history. 


2.  petty  sov. 
b.  reconquest. 

238.  Rise  of  Spanish  kingdoms. 

a.  Navarre,  873. 

b.  Aragon,  1035. 

c.  Castile,  1026. 

d.  Leon  and  Asturias,  1037. 

e.  Cordova,  Toledo,  and  Seville. 

1.  F.  of  L.  and  C. 

2.  bet.  1234  and  1248. 

239.  Unification  of  Spain. 

a.  K.  of  Spain. 

1.  how  formed. 

(a.)  Castile  ;  Aragon. 

b.  long  campaign  ag.  M. 

1.  court  where  ? 
(a.)  Columbus. 

2.  Grenada,  1491. 

(a.)  "Vega  of  G.  "-3d. 


SYNOPSIS  FOR  REVIEW. 

I.  Fifth  Century. 

a.  W.  R.  E. 

1.  Visigoths. 

b.  Teutons. 

1.  Romance  n. 

c.  Angles  and  Saxons. 
1.  foundations. 

II.  Sixth  Century. 

a.  Franks. 

1.  Clovis,  510. 
(a.)  k.  of  the  F. 

(1.)  F.  and  G. 

2.  other  Merovin. 

b.  Byzantine  Empire. 

1.  first  half  of  c— Justinian. 
(a.)  Italy — Ostrogoths. 
(6.)  Vandal  k.  in  A. 

2.  latter   half   of   c.  —  Lom- 

bards. 
(a.)  parts  of  C.  I. 

(1.)  Ex.  of  Rav. 
(6.)  parts  of  S.  I. 

III.  Seventh  Century. 
a.  Moham. 


1.  Hegira,  022. 

2.  Caliphs. 

{a.)  Oriental  dominion. 

(6.)  N.  Af. 

(c.)  Constantinople. 

b.  Italy  ;  land  of  the  F. 

c.  England. 

1.  Chris. 

2.  Heptarchy. 

IV.  Eighth  Century. 

a.  Saracens. 

1.  Spain. 

2.  bey.  P. 

(a.)  Tours— Martel. 

b.  Franks. 

1.  nonentities. 

2.  Mayors  of  the  P. 
(a.)  Pepin. 

(1.)  Exarch  of  R. 

3.  Carlovingians. 

4.  Charlemagne. 
(a.)  N.  I. 

(b.)  Christmas  day,  800. 

V.  Ninth  Century. 

a.  England. 

1.  Egbert. 

2.  Alfred. 

b.  Spain. 

1 .  Saracenic  power. 

2.  Chris,   k. ;     Navarre    and 

Leon. 

c.  successors  of  Charlemagne. 
1.  F.,  G.,  and  I. 

(a.)  f.  barons  assume. 

VI.  Tenth  Century. 

a.  Norsemen. 

1.  Rollo— Seine. 
(a.)  Normandy. 

2.  Danes  in  Eng. 

b.  Germany. 

1.  Otho —  emp. 
{a.)  most  of  Italy. 

c.  Fiance. 

1.  imbec.  Car.  dy. 

2.  Capet,  king. 
(a.)  monarchy. 


VR    RE]  . 


ury. 
pire. 

mporal  poi 
8.  i 

BUdebran  HI.). 

claim  of  ( 'h. 
Henry  l\'. 

c.  England. 

l.   Nor.  conq.,  L06ft 
He, 

1.     Molialll. 

VIII.  Twelfth  Century. 

,/.  powers  of  B, — pros,  shape. 
b.   Italian  cii  i 
1.  independence. 

ferman  empire. 

I  -    !    and  It. 

d.  < 

e.  chivalry. 

ompletely  emei 

IX.  Thirteenth  Century. 

1.  feebler. 

oally. 

b.  England. 

lied. 
>f  dominioi 
b   forced  I 
3.  Magna  ( lharta. 

4      II.    Of  Colli!: 

1.  Enrol  II. 

Spain. 

1  M. 
aada. 
ateilectual  adv..' 

I .  church-arch. 

X.  Fourteenth  Century. 
a.  England  and  I-Y 


1.   Ed.  III. 

Dearly  conq. 
Influence. 

b.  Italy 
1.  learning. 

ain  becoming. 

m..  Sued. 
1.    Union  of  (  ahnar. 


XI.  Fifteenth  Century. 
(f.  feudalism. 
b.  national  nion. 
Sastern  Empire. 
1.  Turks. 
d.  Spain. 

1.   Aragon  and  Castile. 

B  V. 

mpowder. 

g.  printing. 

PROGKESS  OF  CIVIL  1 7.  A  ] 

Fifth  Century. 
a.  Christianity. 

Sixth  Century. 
a.  silk-worms  ;     Roman    law  ; 
Christianity  ;  Latin. 

Seventh  Century. 
a.  p<  i  ex.  Library  ; 

Gtreefc  fire ;  Koran. 

Eighth  Century. 

ftper  ;    car;  olfl  of 

Learning  ;    Arabic    transla- 
tions. 

Ninth  Century. 
a.  cl  ford    U, : 

etc,  in  (i.  :    English  navy. 

Tenth  Century. 

a.  Arabic   not. ;    wine-pn 

Eleventh  Century. 

a,  musical   notes  ;    windmills  ; 
da  lit. 


74 


MODERN  HISTORY. 


Twelfth  Century. 

a.  sugar-cane  ;  glass- windows  ; 
scholastic  phil. 

Thirteenth  Century. 

a.  spectacles  ;  mirrors  ;  clocks ; 
Bacon  and  Magnus  ;  Marco 
Polo. 


Fourteenth  Century. 

a.  compass  ;  paper  ;  gunpow- 
der ;  pins  ;  Chaucer  ;  Wy- 
cliffe. 

Fifteenth  Century. 

a.  printing  ;  Greek  phil. ;  alge- 
bra ;  America  ;  Good  Hope. 


SECTION    V. 


MODERN     HISTORY. 


From  the  beginning  of  the  16th  century  to  the  present  time. 

CHAPTER    I. 

TRANSITION    TO    MODERN    HISTORY. 


Introduction. 

1.  When  does  mediaeval  history 

end? 

a.  difficulty. 

b.  E.  R.  E. 

1.  objection. 

c.  American. 
1.  objection. 

d.  close  of  15th  c. 
1.  objection. 

2.  Period  of  transition. 

a.  better  than  one  single  date. 
1.  bridge. 

b.  when? 

3.  Events  thus  included. 

a.  E.  R.  E. 

b.  mar.  discov. 

1.  America. 

2.  Africa. 

c.  prin.;  learning. 

d.  gunpowder. 


e.  feudalism. 
1.  cent,  monar. 

Fall  of  the  Eastern  Empire. 

4.  State  of  the  empire. 

a.  Constantine  Palseologus. 
1.  mid.  15th  c. 

b.  reduced. 

1.  vice  and  folly. 

2.  fury. 

3.  corruption. 

5.  History     of     the     Ottoman 

Turks. 

a.  Othman,  or  Ottoman  (1258). 

1.  Bithynia  and  Phrygia. 

2.  nourishing. 

b.  advance. 

1.  nearly  all. 

2.  Adrianople,  14th  c. 

3.  Byzantine  domin. 

(a.)  Tk.,    Mac,    Ser.,   and 
S.  G. 


*.    TO    WODERN   HISTi 


r.  Mohammed  1 1.. 

atinople. 

6.  Siege  of  Constantinople. 

I  >(K). 

d.  at  last.  39th  May,  1  • 

•haps  the  tii-st  time. 

Maritime  Discoveries. 

7.  The  world  before  the   15th 

century. 

a.  I 

h.  enlai 

8.  Invention  of  the  compass. 
//   necessary  antecedent. 

b.  Qioja,  beg  1 1th  c. 

lier. 

1.    liccdlc. 

Lodestone  ;  cork  ; 

d.  important  question. 

1.  beg.  L5th  c. 

9.  Prince  Henry  of  Portugal. 

Vincent. 

lory. 

2.  men  skilled. 

1.    K 

10.  Portuguese    discoveries    in 

Africa. 

b.   Bojador. 

—terrors. 

1.  BL 

rate. 

:  a.  i> 

11.  Their  further  progress. 


12. 
a 

b. 


13. 


14. 

a. 

b. 


c. 

d. 

15. 


16. 
a. 

b. 


King  John  II.  (grand-n<  | 

1.  equator. 

'J.   1600  m.,  1484 

1 1  . 
(6.)  coinn; 

Circumnavigation  of  Africa. 
possible  route. 
Barthol.  Diaz,  ' 

1.  Cabo  Torment 

I  'ape  of  S. 

2.  Good  Hope. 

round  of  hope. 
realized. 
1.    V    da  (J. 

Calicut,     Malabar,     in 
May,  1498. 
What  led  to  the  discovery 

of  America. 
inspiring  motive. 

Columbus. 
stimulated. 
grand  project. 

1.  what  it  was  not. 

2.  what  it  was. 

lieeived. 

Portuguese  efforts. 
grand  inspiration, 

Portuguese  in  the  East  In- 
dies. 

■••ss — S.  in  A. 
L511. 
1.  Albuquerque 
territor.  acquisition. 
com.  estab.  n\  li< 

(a.)  Venice — Egypt  and  the 

ant. 

Effect   of  the   sea-route  to 

India  on  trade. 
revolution. 
1.    West.  nat. 

t eristic  indolence. 
1.   Lisbon. 
i  Dutch. 
(1.)  For.  colonies. 


70                                 MODERN 

HISTORY. 

17.  Part  taken  by  the  English. 

b.  1438 — separately  cut. 

a.  share. 

c.   1450— separately  rust. 

b.  Se.  Cab. 

d.  1455— Bible  in  L. 

1.  Bristol. 

1.  earliest  com. — "  Mazarin." 

2.  J.  Cab.,  a  V. 

(a.)  G.  and  F.  at  M. 

3.  Henry  VII. 

e.  1457— Psalter  in  L. 

c.  Labrador,  1497. 

1.  date. 

1.  New.,  or  C.  B. 

2.  whose  press  ? 

2.  38°. 

/.   1460— Bib.  in  L.  and  G. 

18.    Circumnavigation     of    the 
globe. 

1.  both  sides — met.  t. 
g.  1474  — "Game  and  Playe," 
etc. 

a.  growth  of  com. 

1.  first  book — Caxton. 

1.  still  room. 

b.  Magellan,  1519-1521. 

c.  what  followed. 

Decline  of  Feudalism. 

1.  attention. 

2.  navies  of  Europe. 

22.  Feudalism  in  France. 

3.  man.  mul. 

a.  shaken. 

4.  poor  states. 

1.  close  15th  c,  etc. 

5.  value  of  mer.  wealth. 

b.  severe  blow. 

1.  Louis  XI. 

The  Revival  of  Learning:. 

2.  threat,  resurrection. 

19.  Attending  circumstances. 

c.  Richelieu. 

a.  before  fall  of  C. 

b.  fall  of  C.    • 
1.  learned  G. 

23.  In  Spain  and  England. 

a.  Spain. 

1.  Charles  V.;  Philip  II. 

b.  England. 

1.  power  of  great  vassals. 
(a.)  compared  with    those 
of  Con. 

(a.)  treasures. 

c.  search  for  mss. 

1.  precious  discoveries. 

d.  these  labors  otherwise  fruit- 

ful. 

(b.)  John  and  Magna  Char- 

1.  art  of  printing. 

ta. 

20.  Controversy  on  the  origin 

(c.)  Warwick— Edward  IV. 

of  printing. 

(d.)  Buckingham — Richard 

a.  curious  fact. 

III. 

b.  Harlem,  Mentz,  Strasburg. 

2.  Wars  of  the  Roses. 

c.  turns  on  meaning  of  word. 

1.  principle. 

(a.)  Laurence  Coster,  of  11. 

(1.)  curved  blocks. 

2.  movable  types. 

24.  Result   of   the   invention 
of  gunpowder. 

a.  armor  of  knights. 

b.  walls  of  castles. 

(a.)  John  Gutenberg,  of  M. 
(b.)  Schoeffer,  with  Faust. 
(1.)  metal. 

25.  Period  of  the  invention. 
a.  Roger  Bacon,  Eng.  m.,  13th c 

b.  application  to  war. 

21.  Earliest  prints,  etc. 

1.  Berth  old  Schwartz,  1330. 

a.  1423—"  St.  Christopher."       1 

2.  Moors. 

Rise  of  Great  Monarchies. 

26.  Great  feature  of  the   pe- 

riod. 

mon. 

1.  ruins. 

27.  Cause  of  royal  despotism. 

meter  feudalism. 

1    why: 

b.   got  all  pov. 

condition. 

1.  forward. 

1        lawless- 

2.  retrograde. 

political  freedom. 

law. 

28.  Effect  of  standing  armies. 

a.  now  thing. 

b.  contrast  with  fond,  period. 

1.  royal  power  limited. 

;  nsal. 
;al  power  absolute. 
rmy. 

c.  overthrew  the  free  Inst. 

29.  Surrender  of  liberties. 

without  head. 

b.  spirit  of  th< 

■  .no. 

2.  patriotism  meant. 

c.  fatal  mistake. 

1.    terrible  til! 


30.  Nature  of  the  wars  waged. 

1.  very  little 
b.  most  val.  pa 
n  hy  require  no1 

31.  Balance  of  power. 

lis.  DOW. 

1-  d  nderancc. 

1.  force  evenly  distrib. 


OHAPTEB     I  I. 

GREAT     EVENTS      OF     THE 
SIXTEENTH     CENTURY. 

TAgk  ov  (HAia  i 

\  III. 
GENERAL      Rn 

TOPICS.  I 

.Age  of  Elizabeth. 
Age  of  Charles  V. 

32.  Growth  of  Spanish  power. 

a.  brilliant  figure. 
1.  beginning  of  m.  h. 

b.  rank  of  Spain,  Kith  c. 

c.  Spain  during  Middle  Ages. 

1.  isolation. 

(<r.)   ocean. 

{b.)  Pyrei 

2.  can  baldly  say. 
(a)  parceled  out. 
(b.)  Grenada. 

3.  Ferdinand. 

(a.)  marriage. 

(1.)  At.  and  < 
(b.)  Grenada,  1491 
Navarre,  1512. 
-  pain  a  nation,  1516. 
1.  Charles  V.  (grandson). 


33.  Position  of  Charles  V. 
a.  grandparei 
1.  Max.  of  G.  and  Fer.  of  S. 

bent,  1500. 
1.  Archduke  Philip. 
Joanna. 

L5. 
1.  pat.  grand.,  Mary  of  Bur. 
Spain,  hi. 
1.   Don  Carlos  1.— joint  rule. 

1     " 

&    beym. 

istria,  etc.,  19. 
1.  Hapsburg. 


78                                 MODERN  HISTORY. 

34.  He  is  chosen  emperor. 

1.  Arch,  of  Magdeburg. 

a.  M.'s  hereditary  pos. 

b.  crown. 

1.  electors. 

2.  appeal— 95  theses— 1517. 

40.  Progress  of  Luther. 

c.  Francis  1.  and  Henry  VIII. 

d.  success. 

1.  Aix-la-C.,  1520. 

a.  nob.  and  princes. 
1.  motive. 

b.  challenge  accepted.    . 

2.  20. 

1.  why? 

3.  dominion. 

c.  bull,  1520. 

(a.)  A.  or  A. 

1.  simple  friar. 

d.  war  declared. 

35.  Two  chief  events  of  the 

1.  appeal. 

reign. 

2.  bull  how  treated. 

a.  rise  of  P. 

b.  wars  with  F. 

41.  Spread  of   the   Reforma- 
tion. 

1.  bal.  of  p. 

a.  ferment. 

36.  Position  of  the  Catholic 

b.  Duke  of  Saxony,  etc. 

Church. 

c.   "  Reformation." 

a.  beginning  16th  c. 

42.  The  Diet  of  Worms. 

1.  all  W.  E. 

a.  Pope  roused. 

6.  revolts  ag.  Rome. 

1.  appeal. 

1.  Albigenses. 

b.  Diet  summoned,  1521. 

(a.)  South  F. 

1.  G.  princes. 

2.  Wycliffe,  14th  c— E. 

2.  Worms. 

3.  Huss,  15th  c— B. 

c.  refused. 

c.  revolts  put  down. 

1,  "  safe-conduct." 

1.  burnt. 

(a.)  "  extirpate." 

37.  Beginnings  of  dissent. 

43.  Result. 

a.  early  in  16th  c. 

a.  rapid  spread. 

1.  relig.  controversies. 

1.  G.,  F.,  Sw.,  K,  Sc,  Sc. 

b.  complaints. 

b.  race-division. 

1.  abuses  in  C. 

1.  Teutonic. 

2.  claims  of  temp.  pow. 

2.  Latin. 

3.  doctrines ;  ceremonies. 

44.  Origin  of  the  name  Prot- 

38. Protestantism  at  the  foun- 

estant. 

tain. 

a.  Diet  of  Spires,  1529. 

a.  Leo  X. 

1.  attempt  to  check. 

1.  treasury. 

2.  change  forbidden. 

(a.)  indulgences. 

(a.)  protest. 

b.  Dominican  friars  in  G. 

45.  Rivalry  with  Francis  I. 

1.  Tetzel. 

a.  four  wars. 

(a.)  Augustinian  f. 

1.  avowed  object  of  F. 

(1.)  Martin  Luther. 

46.  Events  of  the  first  war. 

39.  First  appearance  of  Lu- 

a. Italian — Pavia,  1525. 

ther. 

1.  royal  prisoners. 

«.  Wittenberg. 

{a.)  one  year — Madrid. 

I  y  EVi  i  CENTURY, 


Bur, 

47.  Second  war,  1527-1529. 

rity. 
b.  Henry  VIII,  and  the  I 

1.    d«  : 

ambray. 

48.  Third  and  fourth  wars. 

.  -truce. 
b.  hostilities  renewed. 

C.   Strange  alliance. 

1.  s. :  <;.  prim 

2.  II.  Vlll. 

d.  ( 

e.  invasion. 

1.  Creepy,  15 
/.  Francis  ami  Henry,  1547. 

49.  War  with  the  Protestant 

princes. 

Shnalcald,  1581. 
b.  Council  of  Trent.  L5  • 

1. 
0,   Maurice,  of  Sax. 
1.  ref 

60.  Defection  of  Maurice. 

<>.  tyrannical. 
1.  excited  wL 

b.   Maui 
1.  bold  plan. 
Benry  II  of  F. 

1.  * 

61.  Triumph  of  Protestantism. 
b.   Passau.  156 

555 

1.   inut.  ' 

62.  The  Emperor's  troubles. 
clouds  thicken. 

1.  li 

u^.)  close  aUian 


53.  His  abdication  and  death. 

a.    Bt 

h.  Spain  and  thf  Two  8i< 

1.   Philip  11. 
c.  Imperial  crown— -Ferd.  (br.). 

-ill   Vuste. 

1.  relir.  duties. 

2.  niech.  con. 
ghastly  fancy. 

1.  forerunner— 156 

54.  Character  of  Charles  V. 

a.  negative  virtues. 
1.  temperament. 

b.  speech. 

ft  laugh  or  smile. 
idizement. 
sanse  of  his  failures. 

1.  comprehension  of  times. 

2.  stands  to  us  Low? 
/.  new  era  irresistible. 

England  under  Henry  Vlll. 

55.  Events  of  the  accession. 

a.  Henry  VII.,  L509. 

1.   Tudor. 

b.  Henry  VIII.  (son). 
1.    18— qualities. 

c.  Kath.  of  Ar. 
1.   Arthur. 

b.  v. 

56.  England's    foreign     rela- 

tions. 
a    mixed  up. 

n  Bided  with. 
b.  import! 

1.  compared  with   home-af- 
fairs. 

57.  Cardinal  Wolsey. 

a.   I  ire. 

1.  *  am. 

/'.  butcher, 
ducation. 

1.   witli  a  view, 
urt. 

:     Arch.  < 
Chan. ;  min. 


80 


MODERN  HIS  TOR  Y. 


58.  The  king  and  the  Church. 

a.  great  stir— 1509  ;  1521. 

b.  ardently  E.  C. 

c.  book. 

1.  "  Defender  of  the  Faith." 

59.  Beginning      of      Henry's 

■wife-troubles. 

a.  18  y. 

1.  professed  to  feel. 

2.  Anne  Boleyn. 

b.  applied. 

60.  The  Pope  and  Wolsey. 

a.  perplexity  of  Clement  (VII.). 
1.  Charles  V. 

(a.)  nephew. 

b.  several  years. 

c.  under  displeasure. 
1.  loss  of  p.  and  w. 

d.  1530— " Had  I  but  served," 

etc. 

61.  Henry's  decisive  step. 

a.  tricks  and  subterfuges. 

b.  Jan.,  1533. 

c.  Archbishop  of  C. 

d.  June  1st,  1533. 

62.  Verdict  on  his  conduct. 

a.  history. 

b.  recent  historians  — Froudc. 

c.  defence. 

1.  disputed  succession. 

2.  warmly  desired. 

63.  The  English  and  the  Pope. 

a.  what  done  thus  far. 
1.  jurisdiction. 

b.  thought  of  secession. 
1.  Parliament,  1534. 

C.  breach  widened. 

1.  Pope  declared,  1534. 

2.  forfeited. 

64.  What  Henry  now  did. 

a.  defiance. 

b.  Pope's  authority. 

c.  oath  of  pi! 

1.  mar.  with  I\. 

2.  chil.  of  A.  B. 

d.  Parliament,  1534. 


1.  Supreme  Head. 
(a.)  high  treason. 

65.  Persecution  of  Catholics. 

a.  consci.  scruples. 
1.  head  of  Ch. 

b.  humble  friars. 

c.  noble  victims. 

1.  Bishop  Fisher. 

2.  Sir  T.  More. 
(a.)  L.  Chan. 
(b.)  rank. 

66.  Fate  of  Anne  Boleyn. 

a.  brief  happiness. 

b.  3  y.—  trial— 1536. 

67.  Changes  in  religion. 

a.  maintained  and  enforced. 
1.  bloody  laws. 

b.  toward  Lutheranism. 

c.  645  mon. ;  2374  chant,   and 

chap.;  90  coll.;  110  hos. 

d.  revenues. 

1.  own  use. 

2.  his  partisans. 

e.  mongrel  state  religion. 

1.  vacillation — severe  enact. 
(a.)  burnt. 

68.  Henry's  subsequent  mar- 

riages. 

a.  Jane  Seymour. 

1.  next  day. 

2.  death. 

b.  Anne  of  Cleves,  a  G.  p. 
1.  disposed  of. 

c.  Cath.  Howard,  1540. 
1.  disposed  of. 

d.  Cath.   Parr — Lord  Latimer, 

1542. 
1.  discretion — 5  y. 

69.  Common  verdict  on  Hen- 

ry VIII. 

a.  1547—5(1. 

b.  remorseless. 

c.  "  If  all  the  pic.  and  pat,"  etc. 
1.   Sir  W.  El 

d.  "  Perhaps  no  other  monster," 

etc. 
1.  Mackintosh. 


GREAT  EVENTS  OF  THE  h  m  CENTURY. 


M 


70.  Milder  judgments. 

!ii]>.  hist. 

rneL 
reed  upon  him. 

71.  Benefits  of  his  reign. 

b.  ParTiai 

1.  real  poi 

i  ned. 

c.  the  common; 

rnmenl 
3.  contented! 

d.  gen.  tendency  of  reign. 
1.  in  spite  of. 

Rise  of  the  Dutch  Republic. 

72.  Extent    of    the    Nether- 

lands. 

a.  name  of  X. 
1.  at  pies 

LOtb  C— ft  and  B. 
(a.)  Znyder  Zee    and    the 

Dollar! 
(b.)  n<>r  front  of  F. 

b.  Philip  II.  of  Spain. 

73.  Spirit  of  the  people. 

:ity. 
1.  navigation. 
:ianufac. 
6.  civ.  lib. 

c.  Reformation. 
1.  or 

74.  Character  of  Philip. 
a.  gloomy. 

1.  dark  fanaticism. 

ation. 

0.  silent. 

l.  webs  of  inti 

■  rial. 

75.  The  quarrel  begins. 
a.  k  vr. 

1 .  Independently. 

<il  of  n. 


f>.    Inquisition. 

1.  frenzy. 

4<L— 400ck 
&    Doke  Of  Alva,  i 

1.  character. 

2.  5  v. 

3.  "Blood  Council"— 6m.! 

76.  Events  under  William  of 

Orange. 
((.  \\  .  of  Nassau,  Prince  of  O. 
1.   known  as. 

b.  prog,  slow — why? 

c.  Rriilc,  1572. 

d.  S.  yoke  cast  off. 

i .   Holland  and  Zealand. 
Harlem. 
/.  recalled,  16 

77.  Progress  of  the  "war. 

a.  Reqnesens — chi 

b.  defence  of  Leyden,   1 1 
1 .  the  dykes. 

c.  despair. 

1.  Elizabeth. 

78.  Events  to  the  death  of 

William. 

a.  Requesens. 

1.   ;  \ntwerp. 

(a.)  union. 

b.  Pacification  of  Ghent,  157G. 
1.  Btadtholder. 

i  Dion  of  [Jtracht,  1579. 
l.   D.  EL 

i!  n.  prov. 
(b.)  presidency. 

79.  Assassination  of  William, 

and  the  sequel. 
•  ward. 
b.   d;i 

Maurice  (son) — 18  y. 

d.  Antwerp. 

1.    Duke  of  Parma. 

I  :;i/.al>eth. 

1.   i  icester— 6000. 

Z    •  >hen. 
(1.) 


82                                  MODERN  HISTORY. 

80.  Stubbornness  of  the  Dutch. 

1.  per.  amb. 

a.  several  years. 

c.  frightful  crimes. 

1.  patience. 

1.  in  what  name  ? 

b.  impracticable. 

c.  mediation. 

85.  Antagonism  of  the  leaders. 

1.  humiliation  of  Sp.  pride. 
(a.)  indep.  nat. 
(&.)  10  y.  truce,  1609. 

a.  Guises  and  Cath.  de  M. 
1.  guardianship  of  F.  11. 

b.  Princes  de  Bourbon. 
1.  jealousy. 

81.  Summary. 

2.  k.  of  Navarre. 

a.  independence. 

3.  Prince  of  Conde. 

1.  37  y. 

c.  Prince  of  C.  embraced. 

2.  Peace  of  Westphalia,  1648. 

1.  Admiral  Coligny  and  oth- 

b. prog,  of  D. 

ers. 

1.  wealth  ;  East  I. ;  navy. 

86.  Events  of  the  war. 

Civil  and  Religious  Wars  of 

a.  Vassy,  in  Champagne,  1562. 

France. 

1.   in  a  barn. 

(a.)  insults,  etc. 

82.  Subject  stated. 

(b.)  sixty. 
b.  mutual  mas. 

a.  latter  half  16th  c. 

b.  scene  of  wars. 

c.  treaty,  1563. 

c.  parties. 

d.  1567-1570. 

Connecting  note :  successors  of 

1.  truces. 

Francis  I. 

2.  Treaty    of    St.    Germain, 

a.  Henry  II.  (son),  1547. 

1570. 

1.  Cath.  de  Medicis. 
(a.)  character. 

2.  12  y. 

b.  Francis  II.  (son). 

1.  Mary  Queen  of  Scots. 

87.  Settlement  by  marriage. 

a.  H.  of  N. 

1.  next  heir. 

b.  Princess  Margaret. 
L.  sister. 

2.  Guises. 

3.  17  m. 

c.  Charles  IX.  (brother)— 9  y. 

c.  universal  joy. 

d.  18th  Aug.,  1572. 

1.  regent. 

88.  Word  of  caution. 

83.  Form  of  French  Protestant- 

a. party  writers. 

ism. 

b.  narratives  of  prin.  actors. 

a.  John  Calvin,  Geneva. 

89.  Plots  and  counterplots. 

1.  teaching    compared  with 

a.  Charles  IX. 

that  of  L. 

1.  majority. 

b.  Huguenots. 

2.  real  ruler. 

1.  "  Eidgenossen." 
(a.)  "Covenanters." 

2.  treatment   by   F.    I.    and 

3.  complained  very  bitterly. 
(a.)  Coliirny's  promise. 
b.  king's  vaunt. 

succes. 

1.   alarm. 

84.  Nature  of  the  wars  waged. 

2.  bloody  resolve. 

a.  underlying  cause. 

(a.)  result. 

b.  insincere  advocacy. 

r.  imprudently  proclaimed. 

BBEAT  i:\                F  THE                 \  TURY.           83 

90.  Preparations  for  the  tragedy. 

b.  ft] 

•  council. 

1.   Edicl  i  ' 

1.    n  solve. 

bablished. 

blow  wh- 

disastrous  wars — 36  y. 

b.  late  in  evening,  kag, 
retended  Trot.  plot. 
.'s  alarm. 

dreadful  decree. 
(l.)  "1  consent,  provid- 

96.  France  under  Henry  IV. 
a.  character  of  reign. 

1.    Sully  — character. 
eneral  business — ag.;  com.; 
new  indust. :   Imposts. 

c.  character  and  popularity  of  k. 

91.  Massacre   of    St.  Bartholo- 

mew. 
a.  night  of  Auir.  &3d-24th. 
1.   tocsin. 

97.  His  death. 

a.  14th  May,  1G10. 

1.    where? 

2.  scarf  and  cross. 

2,  Ravaillac. 

b.  reign  of  Heath. 

b.  G. ;  F.  of  P. 

l.  half  naked. 

uy. 

Ag-e  of  Q,ueen  Elizabeth. 

Henrv  of  Navarre. 

98.  Character  of  the  age. 

c.  three  days -10,000. 

a.  rank. 

dead  silence  ! 

b.  fullness  of  n.  life. 

e.  provinces — 45,000. 

1.  enterprises. 

92.  Conduct  of  the  Huguenots. 

2.  pre-eminence. 

n.  submission. 

3.  lit.  creations. 

b.  to  arms. 

99.  Genealogy  of  Elizabeth. 

1.  greater  fury  ;  how  long? 

a.  H.  VIII.  and  A.  B. 

93.  France  under  Henry  HI. 

b.  25—1558. 
1.  11  y. 

O.  Charles  IX.,  1574—24. 

1.   less  than  two  years. 

Connecting    note  —  two    brief 

b.  Henry  III.  (brother). 

reigns. 

1.  15 V. 

a.  Ed.  VI.  (son),  1547-1553. 

2.  frightful  st: 

1.  Jane  Sevmour. 

,ii.  L689. 

2.   10  y. 

c.  end  of  House  of  V. ,  21  c. 

3.  Somerset,  the  P. 

94.  Henry  of  Navarre  wins  the 

(a.)  fate. 

4.   Warwick. 

crown. 
a.  rightful  successor. 
1.  late  king. 

(a.)  marriage  of  son. 
5.  swav  of  Protestants. 
(1.  (',  j. 
b.  Lady  Jane  Grey — 10  d. 

b.   obtained  throne  how? 
1.  Arqu< 
3.    Ivry,  1690. 
8,  th                   later. 

c.  Mary   (sister  of  E.),   1553- 
1558. 

1.    Kath.  of  Ar. 

95.  Settlement  of  the  religious 

2.   beheaded. 

disputes. 

3.  sway  of  Oath,  party. 

a.  K.  of  P.  and 

4.  burned. 

1.  II.  of  Bourbon. 

(a.)  Bmithfield,  in  L. 

84 


MODERN  HI8T0RT. 


5.  Philip  II. 

(a.)  people  took  care. 
(b.)  result,  on  the  whole. 

6.  5y. 

100.  Views  as  to  the  succession. 

a.  right  denied. 

b.  Cath.  party.* 

101.  Elizabeth's  policy. 
a.  Protestant  religion. 

1.  at  home. 

2.  abroad. 

6.  celebrated  acts. 

1.  Suprem.  Bill. 

2.  Act  of  Unifor. 

c.  purpose  of  these  acts. 

d.  Sup.  Bill. 

1.  clergy  and  crown  officials. 
(a.)  all  power  in  C.  and  S. 
(b.)  for.  prince  or  prelate. 

e.  Act  of  U. 

1.  prohibited. 
(a.)  estab.  relig. 
/.  severe  enforcement. 
1.  many  Cath. 

102.  Rise  of  Puritanism. 
a.  refugees  under  Mary. 

1.  accession  of  E. 

2.  reunited. 

3.  separation. 
(a.)  derision. 

4.  Nonconformists. 
(a.)  how  treated. 

103.  The  Queen  of  Scots. 

a.  returned,  1561. 

b.  stormy  years. 

c.  flight," 

1.  infant  son.f 

d.  18  y. 

1.  Bolton,  Tutbury,  Fother- 
ingay. 


*  M.  of  Scotland. 

a.  daughter;  LTanrt-niece. 

b.  faith-- court  of  F. 

c.  dauphin.  L669. 
1.  Francis  II. 

(a.)  1660, 

d.  1561. 

t  E/s  successor. 


104.  Plots  and  their  result. 

a.  Cath.  plots. 

b.  act — treason. 
1.  by  or  for. 

c.  Babington. 

d.  trial  of  Mary. 
1.  F.  castle. 

105.  The  death-warrant. 

a.  reluctance. 

b.  Davidson. 

1.  chancellor's  seal. 

c.  too  late. 

d.  Feb.,  1587—45. 

106.  The  Armada. 

a.  Cath.  pow. 

1.  schemes — culmination. 

b.  "  Invincible  Armada." 

1.  129. 

2.  3000. 

3.  20,000. 

4.  34,000. 
(a.)  Neth. 

107.  Account  of  the  action. 
a.  July,  1588. 

1.  Eng.  Chan. 
6.  30. 

1.  Lord  Howard,  of  Effing- 

ham. 

2.  first  attack. 
(a.)  advantage. 

c.  7d. 

d.  Calais. 

1.  fire-ships. 

2.  Howard,      Drake,      Lord 

llonry  Seymour. 
(a.)  inferiority 
(b.)  queen's  parsimony. 

e.  around  n.  Scot. 
1.  storms. 

/.  to  Lisbon. 

108.  Effect  of  the  victory. 

a.  triumph  of  what? 

b.  effect  on  the  Dutch. 

c.  on  the  Bug.  in  F. 

d.  on  the  infl.  of  S. 


I  //}'. 


BO 


109.  England  ascendant. 

a.  B] 

oted. 
4.  Intel 

lit. 

110.  Commerce    and    manufac- 

tures. 

1.    vessels. 

Ilanse  Towns. 

b.  Binning,  and  SI 

-C.   Manclies. 

1.   •-.,  rugs,  friezes. 
d.  new    industries  ;     St.,    S.-C, 

die. 

Ml  X. 

t  Immigration. 

111.  Increase  of  luxury. 

a.  hand  apparel,  jeweli  . 

b.  coaches — La 
c  Km 

d.  theaters — London. 

e.  smoking. 

1.  M.— "  Virginia." 

112.  Elizabeth's  ministers. 

Burleigh — char* 

1.  Lord  T. 

ess. 

6.   ^  Wulsingham. 

1.   B 

113.  Her  favorites. 

B  >bert,  Bar]  of  I 

1.  i 
C.    Karl  i 

haracter. 
opnlaritj. 

Gfect 

4.  fate— ring  ; 


tory  of  Elizabeth. 

ttingham. 
ing. 

lid  not  deliver  it. 

b.  rage  and  grief. 

115.  Her  death. 
a.    K)  <1. 

l.  floor. 

OOd  ;   niedi 
54th  Mar.,  1003—70. 

c.  1 

116.  Her  character. 

a.  E.  advanced. 

1.  proof  oi  w\ 

b.  strange  blendin 

ft   Tudor  <•. ;   loudness. 

d.  constant  aim. 

1.  glory     bulwark. 

e.  noblest  epitaph. 


GREAT     NAMES     OF     THE 
SIXTEENTH    CENTURY. 

I.  Artists. 

,i.  Michael  AngelOj  1475-1564. 

1.  It.  s..  i 

2.  Lorenzo  de  M. 
8.   nia^s.  ami  gran. 

St.  P.— dome. 
b.  Raphael,  L48a-1590j  37. 
1.    It   ]>. — rank. 

Madoii..  etc  :   Vatican. 
C.   Titian,  1477-15'3 
1.    V.  ]>.  and  1.  p. 
.  and  M. 

rince  of  c. 

\ll.ert  Diirer,  1171-1528. 

'•red  sub. 
::.   Father  of  <-.  P. 
ft   Bolbein,  l  19&-U 

1.  «;   p.  i>. 

il.  XIII 

toD. 

II.  Writers. 

r,Ed  in  und,ir)53-1599. 

1.   1. 


86 


MODERN  HISTOUY. 


2.  Faerie  Queen. 
(a.)  now. 

(b.)  stanza. 

(c.)  sweetness,  etc. 

3.  rank. 

&.  Shakespeare,  William,  1564- 
1616. 

1.  Stratford-on-Avon. 

2.  actor,  etc. 

3.  37. 

4.  rank — ' '  myriad-minded." 
C.  Sidney,  Sir  Philip,  1554-1586. 

1.  Q.  E. — "  jewel,"  etc. 

2.  p.  temp. 

3.  Arcadia  ;  Defense  of  P. 

d.  Raleigh,  Sir  Walter,   1552- 

1618. 

1.  Q.  E. 

2.  gen.  writer. 

3.  fate. 

(a.)  James  I. 

e.  Cervantes,  1547-1616. 

1.  S. 

2.  pirates  ;  sla. 

3.  Don  Quixote. 
(a.)  rank. 

/.  Rabelais,  1483-1553. 

1.  F.  sat. 

2.  priest. 

3.  vivid  pic.  of  times,  but—. 
g.  Montaigne,  1553-1592. 

1.  F.  sk. 

2.  Bordeaux. 
(a.)  B.  mas. 

3.  Essays. 

4.  "What  do  I  know?" 
h.  Ariosto,  1474-1533. 

1.  It.  p. 

2.  Orlando  Furioso. 

3.  Charles  V. 

i.  Tasso,  1544-1595. 

1.  It.  p. 

2.  J.  Deliv. 
(a.)  First  Cr. 

,;.  Camoens,  1524-1579. 

1.  only  P.  p. 

2.  Lusiad. 
(a.)  P.  hist 


III.  Philosophers  and  Scien- 
tists. 

a.  Copernicus,  1473-1545. 

1.  U.  a. 

2.  new  theorv. 

(a.)  Ptolemaic— 1500. 

3.  great  work. 
(a.)  cardinal. 

(&.)  Paul  III— math. 

b.  Galileo,  1564-1642. 

1.  It.  a. 

2.  tel. — spec-glasses. 
{a.)  J,;  S.;  V. 

3.  Court  of  Inquisition. 
(a.)  torture. 

(&.)  "  It  does  move,"  etc.* 

c.  Tycho-Brahe,  1546-1601. 

1.  a.  of  Co. 

2.  Huen— Fred.  II.  of  D. 

3.  great  value. 


CHAPTEE    III. 

GREAT  EVENTS   OF  THE 
SEVENTEENTH  CENTURY. 

f England  under  the  Stu- 
general!        arts, 
topics.  1  The  Thirty  Years1  Wai:. 

[The  Age  of  Louis  XIV. 

England  under  the  Stuarts. 

117.  The  Stuarts. 

a.  last  of  the  Tudors. 

b.  James  I.,  1603. f 

1.  James  VI.  of  S. 

2.  Mary  Q.  of  S. 

c.  six — 17th  c.  | 

118.  Stuarts  and  Tudors  con- 

trasted. 
a.  strug.  ag.  arbitrary  gov. 

*  discredit. 

t  J.  VI.  of  s. 

a.  claim. 

b.  E.V  will. 
%  Stuart  line. 

a.  enumerate. 


',7,7.r/  /:i                                      TUBT. 

1.  in- 

i 

Par. 

0.  tw                              — rng- 

tent. 

b.  alarm  of  Par. 

[f -raised  t 

1.  lntellig< 

2.  Impris.  Bnbj< 

2.  love  of  HI"  ■ 

(i/.)  own  warrant. 

■lit.*' 

(//.)  long  us  he  plea 

119.   James    aud    his    Parlia- 

c. "Petition  of  Rij 

ment. 

1.   roy.  sanction.  16 

;    and  ill.  D 

d.  fit  of  indignation, 

l.  Imprisoning. 

124.  Progress  of  despotism. 

d  1. 

a.  for  some  years. 

1.  irresponsible. 

'   lM-llrV." 

(a.)  t; 

b.   Par.  1                    nd. 

{b.)  Impris. 

1.  monopolies  ;   pro.  not  au- 

2. utter  aefiai 

thor. 

b.  struggle  precipitated. 

2.  Impeach. ;  disput.  e. 

1.   ►>< 

.i  told  them. 

(a.)  liturgy. 

1.  mem.  protest. 

2.  Par. 

Lib.    of    P.  — birth- 

125. Action  of  the  Long  Par- 

right," i 

liament. 

120.  Characteristics    of    this 

a.  1640— 18  y. 

reign. 

b.  resolved. 

a.  p 

C.   k.  saw  and  resolved. 

1.  timid. 

d.  "Triennial  Bill." 

b.  trad.'. 

e.  Strafford  and  Laud. 

1.  wealth, 

1.  blamed. 
ate. 
/.   "  Star-Chamber.M 

(j.  own  consent. 

126.   The  situation  in  1641. 

121.  Character  of  James  I. 

a.  oddity. 

b.  appearance — km 
<•.  weak, 

d.  pedantry. 

buses. 
1.  concessions. 

1    Learning — books 

e.  Sully- 

b.  fair  pros] 

1.    nature  of  revolu. 

122.  Temper  of  Charles  I. 

c.  **  Remonstrano 

a   popular  reaped  for  i 

l .  James  I. 

1.  guaranty. 

h.  ( ■'. 

127.  The     explosion     comes, 

1642. 
a.  despotic  act. 
1.  demanded. 

123.  His    dealings   with   Par- 

2.  attempt  to  * 

li  anient 
a.  fo< 


i  rk. 


MODERN  HISTORY. 


128.  Steps  toward  civil  "war. 

a.  interchange  of  messages. 
1.  desire  to  yield. 

b.  command  of  army. 

c.  inevitable. 

129.  Cavaliers    and     Round- 

heads. 

a.  Royalists — "  Cavaliers." 
1.  nob. ;  cl. ;  country  g. 

b.  Opposition — "  Roundheads." 
1.  trades.,    etc.;    yeomanry; 

country  g. ;  nob. 

130.  General    sketch    of  the 

Civil   War. 

a.  Nottingham— 25th  of  Aug., 

1642. 

b.  Edgehill. 
1.  result. 

c.  negotiations — Oxford. 

d.  6y. 

1.  first  two  campaigns. 

2.  afterward. 

(a.)  Marston  Moor. 

131.  First  appearance  of  Crom- 

well. 

a.  Earl  of  Essex. 

b.  captain  of  horse  at  E. 
1.  40. 

c.  Huntingdon. 

d.  member  of  P. 

1.  manners  ;  dress  ;  speech. 

132.  His     advancement    and 

conduct. 

a.  col.  of  cav. 

1.  discipline  of  reg. 
(a.)  "  Ironsides." 

b.  army  remodelled — 2  or  3  y. 

1.  Fairfax. 

2.  Lieut.-(ion. 

c.  wonderful  army. 

1.  embodiment. 

2.  composed. 

(a.)  prayer  ;  psalms. 

d.  Naseby,  1646. 

133.  The  two  Puritan  factions. 
a.  Presbyterian. 


1.  relative  numbers. 

2.  desirous. 

b    Independent. 

1.  embracing. 

2.  bent  upon. 

3.  leader. 

134.  The  king  and  Cromwell. 

a.  Nasebv. 
1.  flight. 

(a.)  surrender. 

b.  Hampton  Court. 

c.  negotiation. 

1.  good  prospect. 
(a.)  alarmed. 

d.  strong  measures. 

1.  barred  out  (Dec,  1G48). 
(a.)  "Pride's  Purge." 

2.  50,  or  GO— "Rump." 

135.  Trial  of  the  king. 

a.  High  Court  of  Justice. 

b.  Westminster  Hall. 
1.  20th  Jan.,  1649. 

c.  dig.  protest. 

d.  27th—  "ty.,  tr.,  m.,  pub.  e." 

136.  His  execution. 

a.  30th  Jan. 

b.  Whitehall  Palace. 
1.   banqueting. 

c.  black  scaffold. 

1.  soldiers. 

2.  headsmen. 

d.  dying  declaration. 

e.  calmness. 

/.   "  This  is  the  head,"  etc. 

137.  Verdict  on  his  execution. 

a.  constitutionality. 

b.  right  course. 

1 .   ( 'oronation  Oath. 

c.  apology. 

1.  throes  of  rev. 

d.  victim. 

138.  The  Commonwealth. 

a.  Par. — established. 

b.  11  y. 

1.  Lord  Pro. 

2.  The  Pro.  of  C. 


OF  THE  17th  CENTURY. 


139.  Events   of  the   first   pe- 

1.     11  ;   actual  1 
b.   C.1 

1.   In  land. 
nd. 
i  harles  1 1. 

r.   1651 

•  itch. 

140.  Cromwell  dissolves  Par- 

liament. 

Ilirilltirs. 

b.  "<.Vt  vou  LT<>ne,"  etc.,  April, 

1.  stamped, 

2.  k 

141.  He  becomes  Protector. 
(i.  Barebone's  Parliament. 

1.  London  carrier. 

2.  resigned 

3.  "Lord  P.  of  tin 

11   VIII. 

142.  His  home  rale. 

a.  despot. 

■vcu  (list: 

1.  major-general. 

power. 

c.  ret 

law. 

2.  Bi 

143.  His  foreign  policy. 
if.  rigor — honored  and  f. 

E 

r.    II. 
(/     Pi 

1.  forced  I 

144.  Last  days  and  death. 

b.  \ 


1.    Dunbar  and  Worcester. 

145.  Character  of  Cromwell. 
<>.  person. 

1.    lie;.  an«l  si*  nose. 

"  Taint  nie,"  | 
A.   heroic  s. 
r.   mil.  talent. 

d.  earnest  i 

1.    fitted. 

146.  Events  to  the  Restora- 

tion. 
Kichard. 

1.  character  and  fitness. 
B  m. 
h.  confusion, 
harlea  II. 
l.  May,  K 

147.  Circumstances     of     the 

Restoration. 
joy. 

1.  order  ;  anarchy. 
h.   terms. 
c.  character  of  Charles  II. 

1.  humane,  etc. 

2.  ind.,  prod.,  etc. 

3.  unfitted. 

abroad  ;  at  home. 

148.  The  reign  of  Charles  II. 

a.  inroads  on  ( !.  and  laws. 
1.   Dec   of  Indul. 

Incor.  judg 

d   ]). 

4.  proc   on  own  author. 

b.  connterltal; 

dike. 

1.  licentiousness. 

2.  mean  acts. 

149.  His  later  character. 
*  ithout  a  Tar. 

1.   Duke  i 

I>.   monstrous  i 

-  any  of  t! 

led, 
l.  prevented. 

150.  Puritan  austerity. 

a.   under  Cromwell. 


90                                 MODERN  HISTORY. 

1.  sculpt,  and  p. 

155.  Throne  declared  vacant. 

(a.)  idolatry. 

a.  Par.  proceedings. 

2.  public  amuse. :    theaters  ; 

1.   excluded. 

M.-pole;  C.-fhv. 

2.  William  and  Mary. 

151.  Manners  under  Charles 

3.  "Bill  of  Rights." 

II. 

156.  Benefits  of  the  Revolu- 

a. oppos.  extreme. 

tion. 

b.  king's  example. 

a.  "Glo.  Rev.  of  1688" 

1.  pub.  morals. 
c.  sold. 

1.  sal.  pow.  of  p.  p. 

(a.)  wisely  directed. 

d.  impure  plays. 

(b.)  worthy  ends. 

e.  church. 

b.  Bill  of  Rights. 

1.  stem  the  torrent. 

1.  old  Eng.  lib. 

(a.)  violated. 

152.  Progress  of  England. 

2.  tri.  of  P.  over  K. 

a.  mater,  pros. 

3.  pernic.  doctrine. 

b.  nav.  and  corn. 

c.  manufac. :  b.,  g.,  s.,  h.  and  p. 

d.  post-office. 

1.  during  Commonwealth. 

e.  roads — stage-coaches. 
/.  tea,  etc. 

157.  Hostile  efforts  of  James. 

a.  Ireland. 

1.  Londonderry. 

2.  Boyne,  1690. 

b.  France. 

g.  Eoyal  Society,  16G0. 

158.  Career  and  death  of  Wil- 

1. for  the  cultivation. 

liam. 

153.  Sketch    of    James    II. 's 

a.  Mary,  1604. 

b.  prudent  concessions. 

reign. 
a.  Duke  of  Y.  (brother),  1685. 

1.  money. 
(a.)  Louis  XIV. 
(1.)  Ryswick,  1697. 
(2.)  second  war. 
c,  8th  Mar.,  1702. 

b.  brief  and  ing. 

c.  one  idea — Cath. 

1.  hundredth. 

d.  at  first. 

1.  fall. 

e.  at  last. 

1.  Whigs  and  Tories. 

159.  His  character. 

2.  William,    Prince    of    Or- 

a. abil. — mil. 

ange. 
(a.)  grandson.;     nep.    and 

b.  ruling  sent. 

1.  success. 

son-in-law. 

c.  person. 

d.  demeanor. 

154.  William  of  Orange  and 

1.   animated. 

James. 

e.  conscientious. 

a.  1688. 

1.  tolerant. 

b.  king's  alarm. 

/.  domes,  hab. 

1.   prom'; 

in.)  too  late. 
c.  k.  prepares  to  leave. 

The  Thirty  Years'  War. 

1.  wife  and  son. 

160.  Character  of  the  war. 

2.  Great  Seal. 

a.   import ;u ice — 17th  c. 

d.  St.  Germain — pensioner. 

b.  1618-16 

i      \    i  it ) 


in 


1.  w 

D  in. 

161.  Events  from  Charles  V.'s 

time. 

ab  of  C, 

1.   in<l.  ]'i 

l '..  L.,  0. 
A  futile  attempts  of  emperors. 

162.  Beginnings  of  the  revolt. 
a    Matthias     K.  of  B.  and  II. 

b.  Ferdinand,  K.  of  P>. 
l.  rr.  atmenl  of  Prot. 

■It. 

c.  next  emperor,  1619. 
1.  Prot.  alarm 

need. 

1.    Elector  Palatine,  Fred. 

163.  Defeat  of  Frederick. 
a.  hope  of  aid — son-in-law. 

1.    W.  and  timiditv. 

rait,  1620. 
1.  presently  1 

164.  Narrative  of  the  war. 

a.  Mind  determination. 

b.  Wallenstein — character, 
1.  ravaged. 

0.     ] 

fcep  in 

I   hristian  IV.  of  I>. 

l.  Pro*.  League,  I 
scomplisned  n\  I 

165.  Gustavus     Adolphns     ap- 

pears. 

ad  rank. 
b.  lealo 

uce. 
I    jr.— 20th  May, 

d.  "  Not  lightly,  not  wantonly," 


166.  His  career  of  victory. 
character  of  army. 
other  aid. 

1.  Richelieu. 

{!>.)   motive. 

;it  home. 

2.  England. 

moral  support. 

(b. )  thousands. 
(1.)  "lion  of  the  N." 

167.  His  victories  and  death. 

a.  2  v.:  1680-1682. 

1.   Tilly  and  Wallenstein. 

regained. 

b.  Lntzen  in  Sax.  —  16th 

168.  AflFairs  after  his  death. 

a.  sorrow  of  S. 

b.  Oxenstiern — character. 

1.  organization. 

2.  Duke  of  Baxe- Weimar. 

169.  Death  of  Wallenstein. 
a   suspected. 

b.  guilt. 

1.  too  powerful. 

c.  manner  of  death,  163 

1.  by  whom  'r 

2.  warrant. 

170.  New  phase  of  the  war. 
i'.  aggrandizement. 

1.  (i.  Prot.  St.— 1685. 

b.  Richelieu  and  Oxenstiern. 

171.  Situation  after  Richelieu. 

a.  Mazarin,  1' 
1.  policy. 

b.  Ferdinand,  5  y.  before. 

172.  French  successes. 
".  Turenne  and  Conde*. 
/>.  threatened  fate  of  <;. 

i .   Westphalia,  L6 18 — 14 

173.  Nature  of  the  treaty. 
Enportanoa 

b.    Pi 


92 


MODERN  HISTORY. 


c.  Switz.  and  Holland. 

d.  fruits  of  victory. 

1.  territorial  spoil. 

(a.)  France — Alsace,  Metz, 

etc. 
(b.)  Sweden — Upper  Pom., 

Bremen,  etc.;    three 

votes. 

2.  right  of  meddling. 

174.  Effect  of  the  war  on  Ger- 

many. 

a.  shattered. 

1.  confederation. 

2.  national  feeling. 

b.  w.  and  disintegration. 

1.  2  c. 

2.  our  own  day. 

The  Age  of  Louis  XIV. 

175.  Review   of  events   down 

to  Richelieu. 

a.  Henry  IV.— Ravaillac,  1610. 

b.  Mary  de  Medicis. 

1.  Louis  XIII.  (son)— 9  y. 
C.  court  cabals. 
1.  gen.  disorder. 

d.  Louis  XIII. 

1.  character. 

2.  mother. 
(a.)  Blois. 

(b.)  dissatisfied  nobles. 
(c.)  2  y.  of  an. 

e.  Richelieu. 

176.  Advancement  of  Richelieu. 

a.  ecclesiastic. 

1.   States-General. 

b.  Bishop  of  Lucon. 

c.  spir.  ad  vis. 

1.  quar.  made  up. 
(ft.)  c.'s  hat. 
(b.)  cabinet, 

(1.)  only  his  opinion. 

d.  the  true  mail  found. 

e.  20  v.:  1622-1642. 

/.   "  First  man  in  E.,  but,"  etc. 

177.  Comparison  with  Wolsey. 
a,  points  of  agreement 


1.  prel.,  min.,  pol.,  intrigue. 

b.  points  of  differ*  ace. 

1.  more  crafty. 

2.  more  unscrupulous. 

3.  profounder  policy. 

c.  emoluments  and  honors. 

1.  ministerial,  priestly,  mili- 

tary. 

2.  helm,  and  scar.  hat. 

178.  Domestic  policy  of  Riche- 

lieu. 
a.  Huguenots. 

1.  Rochelle,  1628—15,000. 

2.  crushed. 

179.  His  foreign  policy. 
a.  Austria. 

1.  how  accomplished. 
(a.)  aided  whom? 
(6.)  took  the  field. 

180.  Dealings  with  the  nobles. 

a.  always  hostile. 
1.  thwarted. 

b.  Montmorency,     Cinq  -  Mars, 

and  De  Thou. 

181.  Death  of  the  Cardinal,  1642. 

a.  achievements. 

1.  glory  of  F.  afar. 

2.  respect. 

3.  lit.  and  sci. 
(a.)  Academy. 

b.  five  months  later. 

182.  Reign  of  Louis  XIV. 

a.  5  y. 

b.  72  y.:  1G43-1715. 

c.  F.  rose  to  what  height  ? 

183.  Three  epochs. 

a.  Mazarin. 

b.  ambit,  pol. 

c.  retribution. 

184.  The  regency. 

a.  Anne  of  Austria. 

b.  Mazarin,  It. 

1.  master. 

2.  husband. 


/,'}. 


93 


185.  Part  in  the  Thirty  Years' 

W 

ad  <J. 

1.    lii.li- 

<I.  continued  hoetiL — LO  j. 

186.  Rise  of  the  Fronde. 
(i.  civil  commotion. 

1.    ral»;ils. 

\hansted. 

b.  reform  party,  1648-16 
1.  promise. 

ime  to  what  ! 

187.  Louis  XIV.  takes  the  helm. 

1.    Ma /.arm. 
b.  Prcs.  of  A.  of  Clergy. 

188.  His  ministers. 

rnment. 
1.   ( Solberl  and  Louvois. 

:  .coin.,  army  and  navy. 

189.  War  with  Spain. 
ambition. 

1.  empire, 
renown. 

b.  pretei  8.  crown. 
1.    .Maria  The] 

1.  triple  alliance. 

bc-la-Chapelle,  1GG8. 

I  rentier  towns. 
(1.)  Vaul 

190.  War  begins  with  Holland. 

c.  bri 
(L   L6 

191.  The  Dutch  champion. 

pproaching  storm. 
b.  William.  I 

riod. 


192.  French  successes. 

i.  De  Witt,  Ghrand  Penal 
I,  embai 
■J.  fate. 

193.  Deeds   of  William  of  Or- 

ange. 

apparenl  fate  of  II. 
i>.  desperate  measure. 

1.  better  thai  the 
c.  high  ground. 

1.    citadels. 
\dmiral  de  Kuyter. 

1.  three  combats. 

194.  Aid  to  the  Dutch. 

a.  shame  of  E.  P. 

1.  why? 

2.  forced  the  king— ltf 

b.  effect  of  example. 

1.   IS.;  G.;  Brandenburg  (P.). 

195.  The  giant  struggle. 

a.  V.  against  whom? 

b.  4  v.,  tramp  of  armies — 1674 

-lei 

c.  grout  generals. 

1.  T.  and  C. 

2.  Montecuculi 

3.  W,  of  o.      . 

(J.  wavering  success. 

i .  moth  es  coi  peace. 

l.  Nimeguen,  : 

196.  Results  of  the  treaty. 

a.  France. 

1.  Franche  Comte. 

lsace. 
3.  fort,  and  towns  of  F. 

b.  Holland. 
C.   Spain. 

197.  Point  of  culmination. 

<i.   title. 

b.  cost  of  glory, 
1.  impoverished. 

198.  Edict  of  Nantes  revoked. 

<i.   Henry  IV. 
1.  toleration. 


94 


MODERN  HISTORY. 


b.  Revocation,  1685. 

1.   worship  ;  churches  ;  min- 
isters ;  laity. 

c.  "  dragonnades." 
1.  full  license. 

d.  result— 500,000. 

199.  Grand  Alliance  formed. 

a.  the  Stadtholder,  1688. 

b.  soul  of  what  ? 

200.  The  result. 

a.  various  successes. 
1.   especially. 

b.  Ryswick,  1697. 

1.  French  losses. 

2.  lawful  sov. 

201.  War  of  the  Spanish  Suc- 

cession, 1701. 

a.  origin. 

1.  Charles  II.  of  S.,  1700. 
(a.)  Philip  of  Anjou. 

b.  E.  alarmed. 

1.  menace. 

2.  real  ruler. 

202.  Narrative  of  events. 

a.  coalition  :  G.,  E.,  H.,  P. 

1.  purpose. 

2.  Archduke  Charles. 
(a.)  second  son. 

b.  death. 

c.  John    Churchill,     Duke    of 

Marlborough. 
1.  rank. 

d.  Prince  Eugene  of  Savoy. 

203.  Result  of  the  war. 

a.  13  y. :  1701-1714. 

b.  humiliation. 

c.  Marlborough. 

1.  Blenheim, Ramillies,Oude- 
narde,  Malplaquet. 

d.  Gibraltar. 

e.  F.  fleets. 
1.  Vigo. 

/.  Toulon. 

g.  Prince  E.  in  It. 

h.  domestic  sorrow. 

1.   nobody;  seventy-four. 


204.  Sudden  success  of  Louis 

XIV. 

a.  object  of  allies. 

b.  curious  turn  of  affairs. 

1.  thirteenth  year. 

2.  Balance  of  Power. 

c.  Philip  of  Anjou, 

1.  England  and  Holland. 

2.  Philip  V. 

(a.)  first  of  B.  in  S. 

d.  Utrecht (1 713), Rastadt(1714). 

e.  next  year. 

205.  Position  of  France. 

a.  culminating  point. 
1.  last  80  y. 

b.  golden  age. 

c.  trade  and  industry. 
1.   Colbert. 

d.  man.  of  southern  towns. 
"     1.   w.  and  s. ;  st.  and  cl. 

e.  mar.    force ;    colonies  ;    ex- 

ports. 

206.  The  court  and  manners. 

a.  court  magnif. 

1.  sump,  boil.;  lib  ;  lit.  prod.; 
nat.  sci.;  acad.,  etc. 

b.  social  conquest  of  Eu. 

1.  French  polish. 

2.  French  language. 

207.  True    character    of    the 

French  under  the  Great 
Monarch. 

a.  external  glitter. 

b.  internal  rottenness. 

c.  Oriental  despotism. 
1.   "I  am  the  State." 

d.  wars. 

1.  taxation. 
(a.)  cul.  of  soil. 

e.  politesse. 

1.  corrupt  morals. 
/.  literature. 
1.  brilliant. 
rvile. 

208.  Their  artificiality. 

a.  pervaded. 


AT  EV1 


9fl 


b.  royal  example. 
l.  red  heels,  1  in. 

■i<iil  displ; 
linbroke 

1.     "Tfo 

Progress  of  Civilization. 

209.  Character  of  the  century. 
if.   act.  and  pn 

h.  revivi 

:ried  forward. 
1.  sci.;  phi].;  lit.;  condit.  of 
the  p. 

210.  Bacon  and  his  philoso- 

phy. 

b.  old  method— cfetfuetftm. 

1.   Aristotle. 

med. 
(a.)  reasoning  down  to  ef- 
fect 
C.  new  method — iudurt: 
1.  Bacon. 

observed. 
(a.)  reasoning  up  to  cause. 
<?.  Bacon's  proper  pi 

211.  Descartes. 

.  phii 

b.  services  to  the  new  phil. 

c.  universal  doubt. 

1.  not  as  a  sceptic  ;    prejn- 
did 

d.  starting-point. 

1.    "  I  think,  therefore,"  etc. 

self. 
3.  source  no  less  pel 

212.  Spinoza. 

•  I.    of  II. 

1.  one  "Inf.  Sub" 

emanations. 

b.  chanu 

1.   atln  isi 

•.  philos. 

213.  Kepler  and  Newton. 


1.  E 
b.  K<  pier—  title. 
l.  tnree  great 

ton. 
1.  mi.  gray. 
8.  the,  of  1  and  col 

:;.   rMncipia, 

214.  Newton  and  Leibnitz. 

a.  Calculus. 
1.   fluxions. 

b.  independ.  dii 

215.  Other  great  names. 

a.  N.— log. 

b.  Tor.,JPlop. — hy.j  m.  ba. 

irto  Gtnericke — a. -p. 
d.  H.,  1G28. 
1.  blood— 20  y. 

216.  Scientific  societies. 

a.  Eng.  Boy.  Boc. 

1.   Charles  II.,  16G2. 

b.  Fr.  Acad.  Sci. 

1.  Louis  XIV.,  1GG6. 
elsewhere. 
d.  Brandt,  alch. 
1.  phos.,  1677. 

217.  French  drama. 

a.  lit.  in  17th  c. 

1.  greatest  advance. 

b.  F.  drama  the  creation  of. 
tragedy. 

1.  Cor. 

(a.)  excels  in  what  ? 

2.  B 

(a.)  excels  in  what  ? 
d.  comedy. 
1.  Mol. — rank. 


218.  Other  writers. 

a.  unrivaled. 

1.    Bos. — rank, 
a  —rank. 
Boor. — rank. 

b.  V. — Teleniaque. 
ft    P. 

1.    child. 


96 


MODERN  HISTORY. 


2.   "Provincial  Letters." 
(a.)  Jesuits. 

d.  R. — Maxims. 

e.  B. — satirical  p. 
/.  La  F.— fables. 

1.  mod.  M. 

219.  English  literature. 

a.  S.,  1616. 

b.  Ben  J.,  Flet.,  Mas. 

c.  M. — great  ep. 

d.  Jer.  T. — prose. 

e.  B. — allegories. 
/.  John  Dry. 

g.  But. — Hudibras. 

h.  character  of  stage  lit. 

220.  Art    and    the    Flemish 

school. 

a.  falling  off. 

b.  Netherlanders. 

c.  three  great  names. 

1.  Rub. 

(a.)  specially  famed. 

2.  Van. 

(a.)  pupil. 
(b.)  Antwerp. 

(1.)  Eng. 
(c.)  court  portraits. 

3.  Rem. 

(a.)  two  special  merits. 

221.  Other  painters. 

a.  Spanish. 
1.  Mu. 

b.  Italy. 

1.  Sal.  Ro. 
(a.)  rank. 

c.  England. 

1.  Sir  Christopher  W. 
(a.)  St.  P. 

222.  Europe  in  the  17th  cen- 

tury. 

a.  attention  confined. 
1.  why? 

b.  source  of  information. 
1.  Mac. 

223.  English  gentry  and  cler- 

gy. 
a.  condition  of  gentry. 


b.  spent  their  days. 
1.  f.  spor.;  mar. 

c.  spent  theil  evenings. 

d.  ladies. 

1.  accomplishments. 
(a.)  pastry  ;  wine. 

2.  meals ;  evening. 

e.  clergy. 

1.  chaplain. 
(a.)  Levite  ;  $50  ;  up.  ser. 
(b.)  wife. 

224.  The  yeomanry. 

a.  numbers  and  influence. 

b.  propor.  of  pop. 
1.  Stuarts. 

c.  spirit ;  leaning. 
1.  Roundhead. 

d.  contrast  with  pres.  day. 
1.  large  proprietors. 

225.  Laboring  classes 

a.  four-fifths. 
1.  4  to  6  shil. 

b.  mechanic's  pay. 
1.  Charles  II. 

c.  food  of  the  poor  :  r.,  b.,  or  o. 

d.  only  medium  of  complaint. 

e.  heaviest  tax — one-fifth. 

226.  Brutality  of  the  people. 

a.  remarkable  vein. 

1.  beating. 
(a.)  masters. 
(b.)  husbands. 
(c.)  teachers. 

2.  mob-fights. 
(a.)  savage  glee. 

3.  ex.  a  favor,  amusement. 

b.  prisons. 

1.  nurseries  of  c. 

227.  Costumes  of  Cavalier  and 

Roundhead. 

a.  Cavalier. 

1.  s.  or  s.  tunic — s.  s!< «  \ 

2.  collar  ;     cloak  ;     trou- 

boots. 

3.  beaver — band  and  plume. 
4  hair  ;  beard  ;  love-locks. 


n  CENTl 


97 


.  randhead. 

1.   cloak  ;   collar  j   hat  ;   liair. 

228.  Ladies1  dress 
(i.  under  Elizabeth. 

l.  farthingale!  rufl 

b.  nndei  <  har 

1.  i  collars. 

c.  under  Charles  1 1. 

low. 

1.  Improvement. 

2.  I  bower. 

nod. 

1.  disappeared. 

2.  curls  and  the  old  f. 

229.  Means  of  communication. 
character. 

b.  roads  ;  canals. 

c.  in  wet  weather. 
(I.  the  rich — horses. 

5  in. 
1.    i  'k. 

/.  first  st.],.  toll-gates,  1GG3. 
g.  tiighwaymi 

1.  well  armed. 

230.  Culture  and  education. 

a.  sti 

b.  newspaper. 

c.  print inir-prcsses. 

cept. 

2.  bonks. 

d.  female  education. 

1.  accomplished  ladies. 

231.  Industries. 
condition  of  mannf. 

b.  woolen  ;  silk  ;  linen. 
tton-trade. 
Ineral  wealth. 
1.  close  of  c, 


GREAT  NAMES  OF.THE  SEV- 
ENTEENTH CENTURY. 
I.   Philosophers  and  Scientists. 
1561-1626. 

1.  rank. 

2.  founder  of  i 


totelian. 

applied. 

philosophic  form. 

b.  r>  L650. 

l.   i\  p. 
Holland. 

method  of  ])hilos. 

c.  Hobbes,  1588-1*'.. 

1.  E 

2.  "  freethinker,"  but  not — . 

d.  Kepler,  1571-1680. 

m.  and  a. 

2.  "  Thn 

3.  rank. 

(a.)  insp.  of  p.  and  p. 
(b.)  meth.  of  math. 

4.  pov. 

e.  Harvey,  L578-1657. 

1.  E. 

2.  Padua. 
(a.)  why? 

3.  cir.  of  b.,  1615. 
/.  Spinoza,  1022-1677. 

1.  J.  phil. 

2.  rank. 

3.  why  persecuted? 

4.  life, 

g.  Isaac  Newton,  1642-1727. 
1.  E.  m. 
9.   universal  g. 

3.  optics. 

4.  "  Principia." 

h.  Leibnitz,  1(110-1716. 

1.  G.  j.,  h.,  m.,  m. 

2.  rank. 

3.  f.  of  eclectic  sys. 

II.  Painters. 
a.  Rubens,  1. "577-1640. 

1.  Antwerp. 

2.  4000. 

wealth. 

ad  hist  sc. 
sndyck,  1599-1641. 

1.  pupil. 

2.  i: 

3.  ] 

Rembrandt,  1606-1669. 


98 


MODERN  HISTORY. 


1.  Leyden. 

2.  rank. 

3.  col. ;  li.  and  sha. 

d.  Poussin,  1594-1665. 
1.  Normandv. 

e.  Murillo,  1G18-1G82. 

1.  Sp. — rank. 

2.  early— beg.  b.,  etc. 

3.  later — relig. 
III.  Writers. 

a.  Ben  Jonson,  1574-1637. 

1.  E.  dra.,  etc. 

2.  James  I. 

b.  Calderon,  1601-1681. 
1.   S.  dra. 

2    500. 

c.  Corneille,  1606-1684. 

1.  F.  dra. 

2.  "Cid." 

d.  John  Milton,  1608-1674. 

2.  "  P.  Lost"  and  "  P.  Reg/' 
(a.)  pov.  and  b. 

3.  genius  unnoticed. 

e.  Samuel  Butler,  1612—1680. 

1.  E.  sat. 

2.  "Hudibras." 
(a.)  Puritans. 

/.  Jeremy  Taylor,  1613-1667. 

1.  E.  bishop. 

2.  "HolyL.;"  "HoIyD.H 

3.  Btyle. 

g.  La  Fontaine,  1621-1705. 

1.  F.  p.  and  fab. 
h.  Moliere,  1622-1673. 

1.  F.  dra. 
i,  Pascal,  1623-1662. 

1.  F.  p.  and  s. 

2.  Church. 

3.  "Provincial  Letters." 
(a)  Jesuits. 

j.  Bossuet,  1627-1704. 

1.  F.  p.  orat. 

2.  rank. 

k.  John  Bunyan.  1628-1688. 

1.  B.  tinker. 

2.  Bap.  p. 

3.  12  y. 


(a.)  "P.P." 
I  John  Dryden,  1631-1700. 

1.  E.  p.  and  sat. 

2.  Charles  II. 

3.  "Absalom     and     Achito- 

phel." 
(a.)  rank. 
m.  Boileau,  1636-1711. 

1.  F.  p. 

2.  moral  tone. 

n.  Racine,  1639-1699. 

1.  F.  dra. 

2.  rank. 

o.  Fenelon,  1651-1715. 

1.  Fr. 

2.  Quietist. 

3.  "Telemaque." 


CHAPTER    IV. 

GREAT     EVENTS      OF     THE 
EIGHTEENTH    CENTURY. 


GENERAL 
TOPICS. 


'Eng.  under  the  Georges. 
Prussia    and    Frederick 

the  Great. 
Rise  of  Russia. 
The  French  Revolution. 


England  under  the  Georges. 

232.  The  successor  of  William 

III. 

a.  Anne  (sister-in-law),  1702. 
1.   daughter. 

b.  12  y. — end  of  S.  line. 

233.  Three  leading  events. 

a.  union  of  B. 

b.  campaigns  of  M. 

c.  contests  bet.  W.  and  T. 

234.  Hostility  between  Eng- 

land and  Scotland. 

a.  separate, 

1.   notwithstanding  what? 

b.  feeling  growing  up. 

c.  crisis     beg.  18th  c. 
1.  show  of  war. 

8,  better  counsels. 


!.!) 


235.  Treaty  of  Union. 

I .  B  ■  •   iper, 

236.  Marlborough's  campaign. 

1.   Fr.  hum. 

237.  Strife  of  Whigs  and  To- 

ries. 

i  uestions. 

1.    th 

8.     !':■ 

b.  ^^  M. 

1.  catled  for  * 

b  ('.). 
1.  called  for  what  ? 
d.  queen  at  heart  what? 

first. 
/.  ai 

1.  Utrecht 

238.  Character  of  Anne. 
a,  it  li- 
ft. Prince  Geo.  of  P. — 6  y. 

r.  i: 

d,  talent  ami  learning. 

f.  e 

tic  be. 

g.  disposition  and  virtues. 
1.  title. 

h.  rank  of  reign  in  lit. 

239.  Anne's  successors. 

of  H. 

1.  Jas.  I.;  next  P.  h. 

2.  Par. 

lelph  line,  or  H.  of  Bruns- 
wick.* 
1.  still. 

240.  Accession  of  George  I. 
a.  G  — s]m  ,;k  E 

6. 


*  Ho 


<1.    Sophia  Of  B. 

241.  Politics  under  George  I. 
//   king's  partiality. 

Mirer  of  what  I 

h.  adrisi 

1.   why? 
c  T.  leaders  how  • 
1.  riots. 
(a.)  majority  of  nation. 
(b.)  Pretender. 

242.  The   Pretender   and  his 

invasion. 

a.  .lames  111. — "Jacobites." 

b.  Louis  XIV. 

c.  171  •"). 

243.  South  Sea  scheme. 

a.  pacif.  reign — f< 

1.  disastrous  event. 

b.  Law,  a  S. 

1.  control. -g.  of  F. 

2.  finan.  sen.  in  F. 
(a.)  promised. 
(&.)  effect 

r.  visionary  proj.  in  E. 
1.  S.  S.  B. 

d.  for  a  time — prem. 

g  >on — unsoundness. 
1.  thousands. 
/.  H.  of  Com. 

244.  Character  of  George  II. 

teorge  II.  (son),  1727 — 45. 

b.  pei 

c.  know,  of  E. — foreign  ae. 

d.  care  for  sei .,  etc 
1.    "  bain,  and  bo." 

245.  Walpole. 

Sir  Rob.  Walpole. 
1.  Prime  M. — nearly  half. 

b.  learning ;  manners. 

c.  secret  of  success. 
1.   niaj.  in  P. 

246.  Four  wars  of  George  II. 

3     : 
1.   tales  of  WTO 

hat  came  i 

b.  A 


100 


MODERN  BISTORT. 


1.  object, 

(a.)  Maria  Theresa  (daugh- 
ter). 
(b.)  Charles,  E.  of  Bavaria. 

2.  E.'s  business  in  the  quar- 

rel. 

3.  parties. 

(a.)  E.— M.  T. 

(6.)  P.  under  Fred,  the  G. 

— C. 
(c.)  F.  under  Louis  XV.— C. 

4.  result. 

c.  Young  Pret.,  1745. 

1.  Charles  Ed. 

2.  object  ;  aid. 

3.  Culloden. 

d.  A.  war  with  F. 

1.  colonies. 

2.  "P.  and  In.  War." 

3.  1755— Geo.  III.— 1763. 
(a.)  Peace  of  Paris. 

4.  Canada. 

247.  Pitt. 

a.  latter  part  of  reign. 
1.  surname. 

b.  1708,  Oxford,  etc. 

c.  genius  how  directed  ? 
1.  Amer. ;  Ind. 

d.  clear  head  and  admin,  f  ac. 

248.  England  under  George  III. 

a.  1760. 

b.  rank  of  England. 
1.  Pitt. 

c.  first  of  House. 

1.  "  Born  and  ed.,"  etc. 

249.  Character  of  George  III. 

a.  not  saying  much. 

b.  private  life. 

c.  devoted  himself. 
1.  at  heart. 

d.  understand,  and  prej. 

e.  prone. 

1.  1810  ;  1820. 

250.  Events  in  America. 

a.  fruitful  reign — 5  y. 

b.  Grenvilh — Stamp  Act,  1765. 


c.  other  taxes. 

d.  conflict  and  result. 

251.  Conquest  of  India. 

a.  great  struggle. 

b.  Clive  ;  Warren  Hastings. 

c.  Eng.  successes. 

1.  French  ;  native  princes. 

d.  200,000,000. 

252.  Other  events. 
a.  F.  Rev. 

1.  all  the  nat. 

2.  considered  where  ? 

Prussia  and  Frederick  the  Great. 

253.  Subject  stated. 
a.  rise  of  P. 

1.  our  own  times. 

254.  Beginnings  of  Prussia. 

a.  Elec.  of  Brandenburg. 

1.  Mid.  Ages. 

2.  Duchy  of  Prussia.* 
(a.)  Elizabeth. 

3.  grew  apace. 

4.  aid  in  war  of  S.  S. 
(a.)  bargain.    ' 

b.  first  king,  1701. 

1.  Fred.  III.— Fred.  I. 

255.  Frederick  William,  1713- 

1740. 

a.  second. 

b.  character. 

1.  savage  ;  economist. 

c.  army — son. 

256.  Youth    of   Frederick  the 

Great. 

a.  Fred.  II.  (son). 

b.  1712. 

c.  treatment — deserter. 

d.  flute  ;  books  ;  Voltaire,  etc, 

257.  He  ascends  the  throne. 

a.  1740. 

b.  boyhood's  dream. 

c.  looked  about 
1.  troas. ;  army. 


*  Horn -si— Slavonic. 


'   * 

'  h. 

1.  world-sol 

2.  a  new  power. 

c. 

rank  1 

d 

Holy  Roman  Empire. 

1.  A*,  and  1'. 

'  ow. 

262 

.  Prussia's  losses  and  resto- 

ration. 

a. 

1,000,()(M). 

b. 

ted  land. 

mi 


238.  Maria  Th« 

.  10. 

Sanction. 
1.  father's  hered.  dom. 

11.  and  B.j    A.. 

u. 

d.  claimants. 

259.  Frederick's  claim  and  con- 

duct. 

a.  Sii 

1.  Eo 

'J.   justice  of  claim. 

.li-i?  12. 
two. 
result. 

b.  u  1 

260.  Second  war  and  sequel. 

a.  i: 

1.  F.  and  E. 

2.  result. 

of  peace. 
1.   rise  of  P. 

261.  Nature  of  the  Seven  Years' 

War. 

a.  i; 

b.  partition. 

1.  Becrel  treat! 
\.  with  F. 
(b.)  A.  with  K.,  Po.,  Sax., 
Bw. 

c.  England. 
1.  m< 

d.  "  sea  of  troubles." 
261.  The  war  and  its  results  * 

rondertnl  # 


*  I.  First  Campaign,  1756. 

l.  Di 

— plot. 

!  itz. 

II.  B 

a.  I  Uohemia. 

x  -  -1 1  Ml. 

b.  terrible  misfoli 

:.  Bus.-  e.  frontier. 


l'omerania. 
Berlin. 
.  ;riv.  from  Han. 
4.  French—  Saxony. 

c.  meditated  what  ! 

d.  turn  in  the  tide, 
i.  R,  recalled. 

ished  into  Sax. 
90,000. 
(b.)  Roesbach. 

nthen,  in  Silesia. 

e.  result. 

tlesia. 

xaltation. 
{a.)  London  a  blaze, 
(ft.)  700,000. 

III.  Third    and    Forirrn    CAM- 

PAIGNS, 

a.  the  Third,  on  the  whole, 
i.  Silesia. 

iny. 

(a.)  F.  driven  out. 

b.  the  Fourth,  blows  on  blows. 

1.  Russians. 

Kunersdorf. 

2.  Austrian*. 

ten. 
o.OOO. 
(1.)  passes  of  i>oh. 

IV.  Fifth  Campaign,  17G0. 

a.  at  bay. 

1.  200,000. 

b.  dash  at  Torgau. 
<".  camp,  Silesia. 

(/.  thought  of  B. 

M7G3. 

a.  what  saved  him. 
i.  Peter  III. 

b.  example  followed. 

c.  Peace  of  P.,  11 

llubcrtsburg,  1763. 
1.  A.  and  P. 

(.  unchai. 


103 


MODERN  BISTORT. 


c.  work  of  repair. 

1.  the  starving. 

2.  houses. 

3.  taxes.  « 
(a.)  Silesia — 6  y. 
(b.)  other  districts. 

4.  rewards  and  pensions. 

5.  revival  of  com. 

d.  coin. 

6.  advancement. 
1.  proof. 
(a.)  2  mil.  to  6  mil. 
(&.)  6  mil.  to  72  mil. 

263.  Character  of  Frederick. 

a.  1786— 75th  y.—  47  y. 
&.  c.  treaty  with  U.  S. 

c.  as  a  soldier. 

1.  in  battle. 

2.  in  difficulties. 

3.  in  depression. 

d.  justice  of  undertakings. 

e.  one  fixed  object. 
/.  Carlyle. 

1.   "liar  and  charlatan." 
g.  compared  with  roy.  contem. 

Rise  of  Russia. 

264.  Russian  question  stated. 

a.  blank — beg.  18th  c. 

b.  stock — S. 
1.  capacity. 

c.  early  start  in  civil. 

d.  the  Norseman  Ruric,  9th  c. 

e.  10th  c. 

1.  G.  Church. 

265.  Reason  of  Russia's  back- 

wardness. 

a.  exposed  to  M. 
1.  13th  c. 

(a.)  Genghis  Khan. 

b.  2  c.  of  bon. 

c.  cut  off  from  what  ? 

1.  Poles  and  Lithuanians. 

266.  Progress  of  Russia. 
a.  deliverance  from  T. 

1.  Ivan  Vasilovitz. 


(((.)  Elizabeth. 

b.  powerful. 

c.  hemmed  in. 

1.  Baltic. 

(a.)  P.  and  S. 

2,  Black  S. 

(a.)  T.  in  the  C. 

d.  P.  the  G.— close  of  17th  c. 

267.  Peter's  biography. 

a.  Alexis,  the  G. :  1645-167G. 
1.  Michael  Romanoff,  1613. 

(a.)  pres.  roy.  fain. 
(b.)  Ruric  line. 

b.  1672. 

c.  P.  and  Ivan,  1682. 
1.  I.'s  condition. 

d.  baffled — Sophia. 

e.  scepter— 17— 1689. 

268.  His  person  and  aims. 

a.  rough,  etc. — fund  of  en. 

b.  apparent  aim. 
1.  peaceful  arts. 

c.  wars  compulsory. 

269.  His  first  idea. 

a.  available  seaboard. 

1.  Azof,  1696. 

2.  fleet. 

270.  His  visit  to  the  West. 

a.  old  noble. 

b.  countries  visited. 
1.  purpose. 

c.  Saardam,  1697. 

1.  worked. 

2,  picked  up. 

d.  England,  1698. 

1.  dock-yards,  etc. 

271.  His  social  reforms. 

a.  home,  1701. 

b.  change  of  dress. 

1.  brown  f.-COat. 
(//.:  casting  off. 

2.  priests  and  peasants. 

c.  beards. 

d.  nobility— titles  ;  power. 

e.  toleration  ;  Bible. 


URY. 


in;; 


272.  ian. 

La]  .:iity. 

b.   b 

1. 

□tent 

I 

XII. 

273.  Campaign  of  Charles  XII. 

imptitude. 

b.  quick   riddance  of  his  ene- 

lii  i< 
l.  D. 

c.  8"  90,  1700. 
1.    Narva,  n.  Q.  of  Livonia. 
8,   a  tenth. 

Bolt 

4.  "  these  s.,  I  knew,  would 

274.  Proposes  to  invade  Rus- 

sia. 

a.  next  4  y.  in  P.  and  S. 

b.  intoxicated. 

t.  at  Moscow. 
viex. — Darius. 

275.  Peter's      strategy      and 

Charles's  difficulties. 

a.  roads,  etc. 

b.  Ukraine. 

1.   Maieppa — Cossack. 

c.  misfortunes. 

1.  r«  nts. 

MOO. 

276.  Pultowa,  1709. 

a.  siege — important 

b.  wound. 

C.   advance  of  P. 

d.  a' 

■    1.   lit! 

a  ii 

/•    Sh 

1.    I 


277.  Close  of  Charles  XII.'s 

career. 

b.  manner  of  death. 

l.   Fredericshall,  Nor.,  1718. 
I>r.  J. — "  Vanit 

1.    "His   fall 

etc. 

278.  Gains  to  Russia. 
(t.  importance. 

b.    Livonia,  etc.,  &  of  B. 
in. 

1.  Pea 

279.  His  pacific  measures. 

a.  St.  P.,  1704. 

1.    Nova,  <i.  of  F. 
8,    why  so  named? 
;!.   capital, 
old. 

b.  internal  changes. 
1.  army  ;  navy. 

admin,  of  jus. 
•in. ,  man. 

4.  canals,  roads. 

5.  printing-press. 
C.  task  of  a  giant. 

280.  Death  and  character. 

a.  i: 

1.  knee-deep  in  L.  Ladoga. 

b.  rank. 

c.  character. 
1.  Voltaire. 

(a.)  polish  ;  art  of  w. ;  fleet; 
ship-w.,  etc;   man- 

281.  Peter's  successors. 

th.  1.  (widow) — 2  y. 
b.  Peter  11.  (grandson) — 3  y. 
<  — lo  y. 
izabeth  (daughter)— 
0.   Petri-  111.  (nephew) — few  m. 

1.  fate. 
/.  Catharine  II.,  1 ; 
1.  surname. 

282.  Doings  of  Catharine. 
a.  rank  of  C. 


104 


MODERN  HISTOID'. 


b.  Potemkin  and  Suwarrow. 
1.   Turks — Crimea. 

283.  Partition  of  Poland. 

a.  origin  of  scheme. 

b.  parties. 

c.  1772. 

284.  End  of  Poland. 

a.  1792— R.  and  P. 

b.  1795— R.,  P.,  A. 

1.   "  Oli  !  bloodiest  pic,"  etc. 
C.  wick,  and  import. 

1.   "brought    that    nation," 
etc. 

285.  Catherine's  successors. 

a.  1796. 

b.  Paul  (son). 

1.  character  and  fate. 
C.  Alex.  I.  (son),  1801. 
1.  grandfather. 

The  French  Revolution. 

286.  Remark  of  Louis  XV. 
a.  "  After  me/'  etc. 

1.  death-bed,  1774. 

2.  dreadful  verification. 

287.  France  and  Louis  XV., 

1715-1774. 

a.  F.  at  death  of  L.  XIV.,  1715. 
1.  condition. 

b,  bad  to  worse. 

1.  painted  fav. 

(a.)  Pompadour     and    Du 
Barri. 

2.  last  sou. 

3.  wars. 

(a.)  idle  nobility. 

288.  Accession  of  Louis  XVI. 

a.  1774 — grandson— 20  y. 

b.  character. 

c.  Marie  Antoinette. 
1.  Ma.  The 

d.  "O  God,  guide  us  I"  etc. 

289.  Bad  condition  of  France. 

a.  demand  of  the  times. 

b.  signs. 


c.  sowing  ;  reaping. 

d.  iinan.  and  pub.  end. 

1.  a  century  and  a  half. 

2.  two  hundred  millions. 

e.  state  of  the  people. 
1.  smug,  and  spo. 

290.  Further  details. 

a.  infidelity. 

b.  people  alienated  from  : 

1.  throne. 

(a.)  excess;  scandal. 

2.  nobles. 

3.  clergy. 

(a.)  cm.,  ig.,  and  deb. 
(b.)  satire  and  indig. 

c.  leaders  of  the  new  opinions  : 

Vol.,  Rousseau,  lielvetius, 
Condillac. 

1.  so-called  C,  L.,  and  T. 

swept  away. 

2.  reinforced — host. 

d.  good  as  well  as  evil. 

1.  tr.,  mer.,  chiv. 

2.  false.,  des.,  impos.,  vice. 

291.  Financial  measures. 

a.  grand  problem. 

b.  Turgot. 

1.  grad.  ref.  proposed. 
(a.)  alarm  of  courtiers. 

2.  disposed  of,  1776. 

c.  two  other  min. 

d.  Necker— Geneva. 
1.  maxims. 

(a.)  expenditure— why? 
(b.)  credit — why? 

e.  5y. 

1 .  balance-sheet— 1 781 . 
(a.)  angered  nobility. 
/.  N.  disposed  of. 

292.  Effect  of  the  American 

-war. 

a.  war  with  E. 

1.    cause. 

b.  painful  reminder. 

c.  doctrines  from  A. 
1.  peasant. 

d.  injustice. 


i  VENTi 


1.    tv 

'.000. 

293.  Administration    of    Ca- 

lonne. 

a.  Increased  burcl 
6.  juggler. 

1.  borrowed— repaj  □ 

294.  Assembly  of  the  Nota- 

bles. 
I  hat? 

b.  previous  meetings. 
l.  dee. 

137. 
d.   land  * 

l.  why  rejected? 

'lay. 
/  Brienne,  Arch,  of  Toulon. 
g.  recall. 

295.  Necker's  proposition. 

a.  feneraL" 

1.  confer   and  petition. 

2.  1614— Richelieu. 

b.  three  kings  had  ruled  how? 

c.  why  welcou 
1 .  « 

Bng.  Par. 

296.  The  elections. 

b.  3,000,000. 

1.  Dearly  two  centuries. 

-lilies,    5th    Mav, 

297.  The     Commons     assert 

themselves. 

a.  real  strength. 
1.   T; 

b.  relative  numbers. 

c.  trial  of  strength. 
l .  one  <■ .  orl * 

•ion. 
(a.)  scorn. 
;. 

•  Clergy  and  Not. 


298.  King  and  Commons. 
<t.  unavailing  complain! 

l.  usurpation. 

b.    king  alarmed. 

1.    Miicidal  Step. 

I  month. 

1.    al  the  door. 
(/.  Bailly. 

1.   Tennis  court. 
(a.)  oath—  constitution. 
e.  firmness  of 

1.    S« 

{a.)  clergy. 

(b.)  47  n.— Duke  of  Or. 

299.  Three  characters. 

a.  Lafayette. 

1.   character  and  ability. 

b.  Mirabeau. 

1.    character. 

morals  ;  power. 

c.  Robespierre. 
1.  appearance, 

300.  Action  of  the  Court  and 

Assembly. 

a.  foolish  action. 

1.  Necker. 

2.  troops. 

b.  radical  action. 

1.  priv.  of  birth  or  p. 

2.  1; 

3.  public  debt. 

4.  ]-: 

5.  political  and  religious. 

301.  Madness  of  Paris. 

a.  clubs,  meet,  assoc. 

b.  thirst. 

1.  Par.  mob. 

port. 

d.  to  the  defense. 
1.  guns  ;  tricol. 

e.  rioting  and  p. 

1.    refused  to  fire. 
/.  14th  July — "  Let  us  storm," 

302.  Capture  of  the  Bastile. 

a.  what'.' 

b.  82  invalids  and  32  S. 


100 


MODERN  HISTORY. 


1.  Marquis  de  Launay. 

c.  4  h. 

1.  F.  guards  ;  cannon. 

d.  capitulation. 

c.  maddened  mob. 

1.  massacre. 

2.  prisoners. 
8.  building. 
4.  paraded. 

303.  The  sequel. 

a.  supreme. 

b.  Necker. 

c.  king — Hotel  de  Ville. 
1.  tricolor. 

d.  first  emigration. 
1.  what? 

e.  royal  family. 
1.  where? 

(a.)  4  1. 

304.  Provincial  risings. 

a.  strange  tidings. 
1.  rev.  national. 

(a.)  burning  chat. 
(&.)  sudden  veng. 

b.  Nobility  must  do  what  ? 

305.  Sweeping  reforms. 

a.  4th  August. 

b.  Viscount  de  Noailles. 

1.  taxation. 

(a.)  universal. 
(b.)  ac.  to  fortune. 

2.  servitude  ;  f .  system. 

c.  aristoc. 

1.  seignorial  dues,  priv. ,  and 
immu. 

d.  clergy. 

1.  tithes  and  tributes. 

e.  avail. 

306.  Another  false  step. 

a.  persuaded  him. 

b.  reg.  of  F ,  etc. 
1.  banquet. 

(a.)  roy.  party. 
(b.)  cries  of  loyalty,  etc. 
(c.)  tricolored  cockades. 
(1.)  white  ones. 


307.  The   mob   goes  to    Ver- 

sailles. 

a.  "  Bread  !  bread  !" 
1.  a  fearful  mob. 

b.  messages,  etc. 
1.  rain— camp. 

308.  Attack  on  the  palace. 

a.  grating. 

1.  towards  morning. 

b.  "  living  deluge." 

c.  battering  of  axes. 

d.  rescue. 

1.  Lafayette. 
(a.)  n.  g.  of  P. 

309.  Return  to  Paris. 

a.  procession. 
1.  heads. 

b.  "Joyous  Entry,"  6th  Oct., 

1789. 

310.  Conduct  of  the  emigrants. 
a.  G.  frontier. 

1.  Prince  de  Conde,  Spring, 
1791. 
(a.)  motto. 

311.  The  king's  flight. 
a.  royal  family. 

6.  20th  June,  1791. 
1.  St.  Martin. 

312.  His  capture. 

a.  Varennes. 

1.  recognized. 

2.  decree  of  arrest. 

3.  last  chance. 

b.  8d. 

c.  suspended. 

313.  The  new  constitution. 

a.  constitu.  mon. 

b.  14th  Sep.,  1791. 

314.  The  new  assembly. 

a.  Constituent   A.,   29th  Sep., 

1791— :)  y. 

b.  Legislative  A.,  1st  Oct.,  1791 

315.  The  three  parties. 
a.  Feuillants. 

1.  law  and  con. 


107 


c.  the  Mountain. 

l.   B 

Lb     and    i 

8.  "No  king 

4.  Robespierre,  Danton,  Ma- 
rat. 

316.  Foreign  invasion  and  its 

effect. 

a.  every  throne  menae 
1.  /Land  P. 

perilonfl  friendship. 

b.  80th  .\p., 

c.  B 

1.   70,000  P.;  cs. ihii)  a 

Dnmouri 

317.  Feeling  towards  Louis. 

1.  foreign  interference. 

b.  demand  of  mob. 
1.  Robespierre. 

318.  Attack  on  the  Tuilleries. 

a.  Kith  Aug. 

1.   i  B—  court-vard. 

ped. 

b.  14th— to  the  old  Tern.  p. 

319.  Reign  of  Terror. 

a.  D.*a  advice — "  BtrOdj 

ror." 
l.  produced  what? 

b.  Verdun,  1st  Sep.,  i; 
l.  effeci  in  Paris. 

-Mas.  of  - 

320.  The  new  government. 

321.  The    parties    and    their 

leaders 
a.  die 


>rity. 

c.  M. 
l.   D 

8,  policy. 

.  Rep. 

322.  Trial  of  the  king. 

a.  first  ad  of  C. 

b.  ISth  N.»v  ,  171)0—1  m. 

1.  intii: 

2.  knowledge  of  for.  intcrfer. 

d.  d('|)osition  a  bar. 
1.  not  a  time. 

e.  will  of  the  p. 

323.  The  trial  continued. 

a.  countenance  of  the  k. 

b.  counsel. 

1.  declined. 

2.  Malesherl 

(a)  "  twice  called." 
R. — "  stifle  sensibility/' 

d.  three  questions. 

324.  The  verdict. 

a.  \ 

b.  savage  mob. 

e.  10  d. 

d.  Verirniaud. 

1.  721—2 

2.  24  h. 

325.  A  sad  scene. 

a.  the  Abbe  Edgeworth. 

b.  last  intend* 

1.  glass  door. 

2.  heart-rending. 

326.  Execution  of  Louis  XVI. 

a.  slept  soundly. 

b.  sacrament. 

3  o'clock,  21st  Jan..  1 

d.   Place  de  la  Rev.,  10:30. 
1.   scaffold. 

guillotine. 

us  rabble. 

/.  "Son  of  St.  L.,"  etc. 


108 


MODERN  HISTORY. 


327.  Foreign  affairs. 

a.  equivalent. 

1.  E.,  H.,  Sp.,  G.,  Sw.,  R. 

b.  La  Vendee. 

c.  300,000. 

d.  Dumouriez. 

1.  Holland. 
(a.)  result. 

2.  deserted. 
(a.)  motive. 

e.  war  went  on — Aus.  Neth., 

R.,  It. 
/.  F.  able  to  do  what  ? 

328.  Excesses  of  the  revolu- 

tionists. 

a.  achievements  abroad. 
1.  atrocities  at  home. 

b.  saturnalia. 

1.  of  impiety. 

(a.)  belief  ;   Reason  ;    Sab- 
bath. 

2.  of  blood. 
(a.)  q.,  etc. 

C.  seventy  or  eighty. 
1.  sewer. 

d.  Girondists. 

e.  200,000. 

/.  women  sat  and  knit. 

329.  The    leaders    and    their 

struggles 

a.  "Com.  of  Pub.  S" 
1.  Jac:  D.,R.,  M. 

b.  fate  of  M. 

1.  Charlotte  Corday — Caen. 

2.  bath. 

c.  D. 

1.  far  enough. 
(a.)  order. 

d.  R. 

1.  alone  on  the  dread,  em. 

2.  swal.  up. 

330.  Robespierre  master. 

a.  1794. 

b.  determination. 

1.  Anarchists. 

2.  Moderates. 

to  o. 


c.  D.'s  fate. 

d.  1285. 

1.  10th  June  to  17th  July. 

331.  The  reaction. 

a.  terrified. 

1.  next  list. 

b.  Robespierre. 
1.  27th  July. 

c.  contest  with  outside  J. 

332.  Death  of  Robespierre. 

a.  Hotel  de  Ville. 
1.  pistol. 

{a.)  jaw. 

b.  carted  to  the  guil. 
1.  28th  July. 

333.  Better  days. 

a.  Reign  of  Terror. 

1.  some  Jacobins. 

2.  sans-culottes. 

b.  hideous  dream. 

c.  prisons. 

d.  exiled  G. 

e.  laws  of  R. 
/.  worship. 

334.  Foreign  successes. 

a.  campaigns  ag.  the  allies. 

b.  1794. 

1.  Flanders. 

2.  frontiers  of  H. 

3.  Rhine. 

4.  Spain. 

c.  1795. 

1.  Pichegru. 

(a.)  Amsterdam. 

(1.)  Stadtholder. 
(&.)  dependency. 

2.  peace  with  P.  and  S. 

335.  The  new  government. 

a.  1795— new  c. 
1.  since  1789. 

b.  leg.  coun. 

1.  Ancients. 

2.  Five  Hundred. 

c.  ex.  pow. 

1.  Directory. 


!  //} . 


ion 


Lent 

336.  Conflict  for  power. 
ii.   P 

b.  battle  joined. 

1.    I  113. 

lion 

(1.)  second  in  command. 

337.  Triumph  of  the  Directory. 
<i.   pointed  his  cannon. 

hot,  1 1 1 1  Oct.,  1  795, 
■  ad  of  p.  Rer. 
d.  wonderfn]  car.  • 

338.  Youth  of  Napoleon. 

a.  blood  and  name. 
1.    native. 

Ii  citizen  how? 

.   lawyer. 

Brienn< — 5  y. 
port. 

1.   math.;     hist,    and    geog. ; 
.  belles-let., etc.;  hab- 
etc. ;  health. 
/.   1785,  commission. 

339.  First  appearance  as  a  sol- 

dier. 

b.  Toul 

1.  roy.  uprising. 

■  'g  skill.  * 
asist  t<>  B.  in  Paris. 

340.  His  advancement. 

a.  B. ,  a  i 

b.  great  armies,  Spring  of  179G. 
1.  Moreau. 

Jonrdan. 
iiny  of  I. 
<•. 

Iiine. 

:.uharnais. 

341.  Napoleon's  relations  with 

the  Revolution. 
next  chap- 


/-.  dose  "i  ;!!'•  period. 
<-.  boom] 

1.  knell  i 

2.  lew  era  —  -J* >  y. 

(J.  through  rev.  to  e 
1.  ma 

Progress  of  Civilization. 

342.  Character  of  the  century. 
WOIL  chan. 

1.  old  id. 

2.  old  institutions. 

343.  Influence  of  French  wri- 

ters. 

a.  dem.  id 

1.  sys.  form. 

b.  mid.  lstli  c 

1.  doubt  and  question. 
<-.  leaders:    Vol.,  Rons.,  Mon- 
Bqnien,  Diderot,  Condor- 
cet,  and  the  Fncy. 
d.  attacked. 
1.  wisdom. 

3.  needed  work. 

c.  "inalienabl' 

344.  Democracy  in  America. 

a.  theory  in  F. — what  in  A.? 

b.  England  astir. 

pen  ess  of  colonies. 
1.   why? 

d.  influence  of  F.  pliil. 
1.  Decl.  of  I. 

(a.)  R.'s  Contrat  Social. 

345.  Influence  of  America   on 

France. 

0.    reflex. 

b.  living  embodiment. 
elf-ruling. 

1.  of  the  ]>..  for  the  p.,  by 

the  p. 

d.  F.  armies  and  fleets. 
reports. 

346.  Philosophy  of  the  French 

Revolution. 
a.  feudalism  and  divine  right, 
onnterbalanced. 


110                               MODERN  HISTORY. 

347.  Influence   of  the  Revolu- 

(a.) carb.  a. 

tion  generally. 

2.  Cavendish. 

a.  spread. 

(a.)  comp.  w. 

b.  change. 

(b.)  const,  at. 

1.  polit. 

3.  Priestley. 

2.  social. 

(a.)  ox. 

c.  the  down-trodden. 

(5. )  more  new  sub. 

d.  glittering  d. :   Liberte,  Fra- 

4.  Lavoisier. 

ternite,  Egalite. 

(a.)  generalizations. 

e.  gain. 

(6.)  other  imp.  con. 

1.  rights  of  the  p. 

2.  embodiment. 

352.  Electricity. 

a.  originated. 

348.  Literature. 

b.  B.  F. — the.  and  exp. 

a.  distinctively. 

1.  identity. 

1.  all  kinds. 

c.  w.  of  Galvani,  Bologna. 

6.  exciting  laughter. 

1.  frogs. 

1.  p.    Add. ;   p.   Cow. ;    surly 

d.  Volta — pile. 

Dr.  J. ;    good-nat.  Gold. ; 

1.  battery — z.  and  c. 

court.  V. ;  rus.  B. 

c.  cen.  of  rid. — needed. 

353.  Other  disco verie 

d.  laughed  out  of  the  w. 

a.  inadequate  mention. 

b.  basis  of  geol. 

349.  Philosophy. 

c.  bot. 

a.  progress. 

1.  jumble. 

b.  Eng. 

2.  sys.  form. 

1.  Locke's  Es.  on  the  H.  U. 

(//.)  Linnaeus. 

(a.)  pres.  rank. 

d.  comp.  an  at. 

2.  Berkeley — idealism. 

c.  w. ,  r. ,  s. ,  of  earth. 

3.  Reid— sys.  of  C.  S. 

4.  Hume. 

/.  Laplace. 
1.  math.  ast. 

(a.)  permanency  of    influ- 

(a.) MechaniqUe  Celeste. 

ence. 

g.  Sir  William  HerscheL 

c.  French— character. 

1.  Ur.,  1781. 

d.  German — met.  spec. 

2.  resolved  M.  W. 

1.  Kant — rank. 

h.  Adam  Smith. 

350.  Fine  arts. 

1.  pol.  econ. 

a.  cultivation. 

2.  Wealth  of  N. 

b.  painters. 

354.  Great  inventions. 

1.  English — first  time:  Gains- 

a. more  impressive. 

borough,  Sir  Joshua  Rey- 

b. requirements  of  the  B 

nolds,  Benj.West  (birth- 

1. how  met. 

place). 

{a.)  B.,  W.,  A. 

c.  music — truly  grand. 
1.   II.,  11.,  M. 

c.  navigable  c. — James  Brind- 

351.   Science — Chemistry. 

1.   difficulties. 

a.  progress. 

(1.  smelting  of  i.     Roebuck 

b.  chem. 

a.  Bpinningfjenny— Hargreaves, 

1.    Black. 

1766. 

/■//}• 


in 


ale  jenny— Cromptoi 

tually — Q6W  \« 

'.'  it. 

355.  Other  inventions. 

a.  piano-  L717. 

b.  caoutchon 

—  Williai 
Ed. 
d.  chionom.  —  John   Harrison, 
1786-1743. 

►,000. 
mbrellas — Joseph  Ilanwav, 

1.  Spain. 

/.  vaccination — .Tenner,   ' 

g.  hvd.  press — Bramah,  Eng., 

h.  gas-1.- 1792  :  1708. 
1.  ]»:  fcnry. 

in — Eli  Whitn< 

1.  pu 
j.  lithography,  GK,  179G. 

356.  Improvement  of  the  mass- 

es. 

I    great    inven- 

1.  thereft 

b.  on  the  mend. 
i. -rat  ion. 

1.    00 

;1>.  lil)..  mech.  inst.,  rluhs, 
i 
/.  enlarg.  lmni.  of 

own  by  what  ? 
John  How: 

D   and  YYil- 

1.   severity. 


357.  Reform  in  dress  and  occu- 
pation. 
a.  fripp. 

l.  cuffs,  i u it. .  cocked  h. 
itleman. 

h.  occnpat 

i  atlemen. 
merchant,  or  man. 
c.  mor.  of  high.  das. 

1.  b 


GREAT      NAMES     OF     THE 
EIGHTEENTH  CENTURY. 

T.  Philosophers  and  Scientists. 

a.  Bwedenborg,  L688-1 .' 

1.  Bw.,  s.  and  r  spec. 

2.  B] 

3.  apocalyptic— New  Church. 

b.  Benjamin     Franklin,    1706- 

1790. 
1 .    A .  p.  and  s. 

0.  ident.  of  1.  and  e. 
(//.)  light. -r. 

and  auto. 

c.  Linmeiis,  1707-1778. 

1.  S.  bot. 

2.  new  Bjrs.  of  - 

and  p. 
el.  D'Alembert,  1717-1783. 
1.    !" 

0.  "Ency." 

e.   Hunter,  William  and  John, 
L718-1783;  i; 

1.  S.  a.  an 

2.  rank. 

Ldam  Smith,  1723-1790. 
1.    S.  pro. 

il.  of  X. 
fonnded. 
(j.   Kant,  1721-1804. 
1.   <i.  met. 

snk. 

"Critiqne  of  Pure  R." 
h.  Priestley,  l  i 

1.   r. 


112 


MODERN  HISTORY. 


3.  misfortune. 
i.  Galvani,  1737-1798. 

1.  It.  phy. 

2.  galvanism. 

j.  William  ilerschel,1738-1822. 

1.  Han.  Guards — E.  a. 

2.  refl.  tel. 

3.  Uranus,  1781. 

k.  Lavoisier,  1743-1794. 

1.  F.  ch. 

2.  rank. 

3.  nomenclature. 

4.  balance. 

5.  fate. 

I.  Bentliam,  1747-1832. 

1.  E.  pol.  p.  and  ref. 

2.  rank. 

3.  "  Utilitarianism,"  etc. 
m.  Laplace,  1749-1827. 

1.  F.  DEL 

2.  "Mechanique  Celeste." 
(a.)  Newton's  Principia. 

II.  "Writers. 

a.  Jonathan  Swift,  1667-1745. 

1.  Ir«  pol.  w. 

2.  "  Gulliver's  Travels." 

3.  mad. 

b.  Addison,  1672-1719. 

1.  p.  w. — "Spectator." 

2.  "Cato,"  etc. 

3.  reigning  monarclis. 

c.  Alexander  Pope,  1688-1744. 

1.  E.  p. — at  twelve. 

2.  "  Essay  on  Man,"  etc. 

3.  peculiarities. 

d.  Richardson,  1689-1761. 

1.  E.  n. — founder. 

2.  "Pamela,"  etc. 

3.  now  regarded. 

e.  Montesquieu,  1689-1755. 

1.  F.  t. 

2.  "  Esprit  des  Lois." 
/.  Voltaire,  1694-1 I 

1.  F.  w.  and  s. 

2.  rank. 

3.  "Ilenriado." 
(a.)  only. 

4.  L.  XIV. ;  C.  XII. 


5.  enemy  ;  mission. 
g,  BufTon,  1707-1; 

1.  Bur.;  nat. 

2.  "  Histoire  Naturelle," 
h.  Fielding,  1707-1754. 

1.  E.  n. 

2.  rank. 

3.  "  Tom  Jones,"  etc. 

i.  Samuel  Johnson,  1709-1784. 

1.  Lichfield  ;  London. 

2.  "  Lives  of  the  Poets,"  etc. 
j.  David  Hume,  1711-1776. 

1.  S.  p.  and  h. 

2.  ' '  History  of  England,"  etc. 

3.  strange  doc. 

k.  Rousseau,  1712-1778. 

1.  Geneva — watch. 

2.  skeptic. 

3.  "Contrat  Social." 
(a.)  effect  of  pub. 

I.  Sterne,  1713-1768. 

1.  E.  h. 

2.  rank. 

3.  "  Tristram  Shandv,"  etc. 
m.  Oliver  Goldsmith,  1728-1774. 

1.  Ir. — idiot — rose. 

2.  "Vicar    of     Wakefield," 

etc. 

3.  characteristics. 

n.  Lessing,  1729-1781. 

1.  G.  c.  and  p. 

2.  rank. 

3.  "Laocoon,"  etc. 

o.  Edmund  Burke,  1730-1797. 

1.  Ir.  o.— Dub. 

2.  "On  the  Sub.  and  B.,"  etc. 
p.  Edward  Gibbon,  1737-1794. 

1.   "Decline  and  Fall,*'  i 
q.  Robert  Burns,  1759-1796. 

1.  Ayrshire  f. ;  ly.  p. 

2.  "  Cotter's  Sat.' Night,"  etc. 
r.  Schiller,  1759-1805. 

1.  G.  p.  and  p. 

2.  rank. 

3.  "  William  Tell,"  etc. 
III.  Artists. 

a.  Handel,  1684-1759. 
1.  G.  in.  c. 


URY. 


118 


1.      DcVollsll'l! 

nil  h.  ]). 
C.   Thorn ; 

-1; 
1.  Suffolk. 
8.  ],.  of  i:.  i. 

d.  Haydn,  1  I^-ISOO. 
1.   Vienna. 

8.  rank — father. 
8.  M  The  Creation." 

e.  Benjamin  W  -1820. 

•  P- 
/.  Moaart,  1756-1*4 

1.  G  ana, 

2.  "  Pon  Giovanni" 

eath-hed. 
g.  < 
l.  i 

IV.  Inventors. 

imes  Brindley,  17KW772, 

1.  B.  e. — founder. 

2.  Worsley  to  Manchester. 

Duke  of  B. 
b.  B  ,10-1778. 

3.  treatment. 

r.  Joaiah    Wedgwood,    17:51  - 

1.  E.  pot. — porcelain. 

2.  "  "  —  made 

d.  Sir  Richard  Arkwrighl 

1.  E.— hair-d. 

2.  sp.-f  — -loin 

:    Bir- 
mingham. 

2.  st  ied. 

/.    J; 


i.  r     |  :. 

g.  Crompton,  I 

am. 
/(.  Robert  Pulton,  i 

l     A .  •  ■  -  England. 
2.  first  Large— Hudson, 


OHAPTEB     V. 

GREAT  EVENTS   OF  THE 
NINETEENTH  CENTURY. 

The  Consulate  and  the  Empire. 

358.  The  period  and  its  char- 

acter. 

a.  strictest  sen 
1.  own  tii 

b.  crowded. 

359.  Reasons  of  this  peculiar- 

ity. 

a.  struggles. 

1.  kings  and  peoples. 
(a.)  complete  change. 

b.  new  problems:    dem. ;  rep. 

gov.;    nat.  un. ;    ri.  of   1.; 
etc, 

c.  stage  enlarged. 

1.  new  nat. 

2.  dormant  lands. 

360.  Topic  here  treated  of. 
a,  why  first? 

1.    Toy. 

361.  Retrospect  of  events. 
a.  Directory,  l7i>.~j. 

1.  Const,  of  the  V.  Ill* 
may  be  regarded, 
(ft.)  third. 
h.   Const.  Mon.,  1789. 

362.  Position  of  France  in  the 

war. 

volution. 

l.  }>oiit. — inter,  affairs. 

*  an; 


114                               MODERN  HISTORY. 

2.  mil.,  or  aggres. 

363.  From  Republic  to  Con- 

(a.) alarm  of  Eur.  s. 

sulate. 

b.  coalitions — 1792. 

a.  Directory. 

1.  who  drawn  in  ? 

1.  4  y. — give  dates. 

2.  still  going  on,  1795. 

2.  Consulate. 

c.  1796 — great  armies. 

b.  First  C. 

1.  Italy. 

1.  real  mas. 

&&~  In  the  following  comparative  view,  paragraph  I.  in  the  right-hand  column 
is  to  be  recited  immediately  alter  paragraph  I.  in  the  left-hand  column,  and  ho 
with  8iihsequent  paragraphs,  in  order  to  preserve  the  parallelism  of  events  as  pre- 
sented in  the  text. 


The  Directory,  1796-1799. 

I.  1796:  Germany  and  Ireland. 

a.  J.  and  M. 

b.  Archduke  C. 

1.  Danube. 

2.  offensive. 
(a.)  J. 
(b.)  M. 

(1.)  Black  F.,  etc.  (Aug.). 

c.  Hoche. 
1.  result. 


II.   1797: 

a.  Direct,  embar. 

1.  elections — reaction. 

2.  by  force. 

(a.)  troops  ;  arrested  ;  Car- 
not  and  Barthelemy. 
(1.)  "18th      Fructidor" 
(4th  Sep ). 


III.   1798: 

a.  Second  Coalition. 
1.  E.,  R.,  A. 

b.  things  went  how? 

1.  Italy. 

(</.)  Bus. 

2.  financ 

3.  all  classes. 


(Aug. 


Napoleon,  1796-1799. 

I.  1796  :  Italian  Campaign. 

a.  Nice,  March. 

1.  36,000— condition. 

b.  A.— 60,000. 

c.  2  ;  55  ;  5  ;  15,000,  etc— 15. 

d.  Bridge  of  L.,  May. 
1.  Mil. 

e.  Wurm. — Lago  di  G. 
1.  Castig.,  Rover.,  Bas 

and  Sep.). 
/.  2  m.  afterwards. 

1.  60,000— Alvinzi. 

2.  Bridge  of  Ar.  (n.  Ver.). 
(a.)  result. 

II.  1797: 

a.  W.  at  Mantua. 

1.  65,000— Alvinzi. 
(a.)  45,000  ;  Rivoli  (Jan.). 
(1.)  result. 

b.  Venice. 

c.  Tyrol. 

1.  Vienna. 

2.  stopped  why  ? 

d.  Campo  Forinio  (Oct.). 

1.  Mil.,  Man.,  Mo.,  Fer.,  Bo., 

Cor.,   Zant.,  Aus.  Neth. 

2.  Venice. 

III.  1798:  Egyptian  Campaign. 

a.  hero. 

b.  began  to  fear;  some  months. 

c.  N.  proposed. 
1.  object. 

8.   remoteness. 

3.  40,000,  Alex.  (Julvi. 

4.  Battle  of  the  P.  (21st  July). 


/•//)'. 


LIS 


ml. 


V.    1799: 

oalitton  threatening. 

r.    louder  and  louder. 

tL  banishment 

nlv  man. 


tie  N.,  1st 
N 

IV.   1799: 

tie— Arabia  Petraea. 

1.  <  > 

2.  Mt.  Taborj 

Lcre 

b.  half  his  army  (July). 
1.  Abonkir. 

c.  without  consulting. 

1.  Eleber. 

2.  secretly  (Aug.). 


364.  Situation  on  the  return 

of  Napoleon. 

a.  Oct..  1 
1.  I 

b.  broken  down. 
1.  anarchy. 

I  D.  unsupported, 
of  daring, 
infidence. 

365.  The  10th  of  November. 

1.    Ar.'i. 

2;   Five  Hundred, 
roached. 

law  him!  Down 
with,"  • 

b.   "  E  an  I  count  upon 

yoo 

0,  Itnrat. 

1.  at  an  end. 

366.  Nature  of  the  new  gov- 

ernment. 

idy. 

1.     t! 

1.     li' 

I 


(1.)  clerks. 

d.  functions  of  Fir 

1.  patroni 

aiT.  of  admin. 
(b.)  a.  and  n. 
magistracy. 

2.  promul.  of  1. 

3.  decl.  of  p.  and  w. 

e.  Const,  of  the  V.  VIII. 

1.  sen..  1.  body, 

2.  show  of  Hep. 
(a.)  in  reality. 

367.  Doings  of  Napoleon. 
a.  Immediately. 

1.  news  i  sem. 

//.   Bank  of  K. 

1.    restrictions. 
gratified  national  tasi 

1.  Tuilei 
d.  benl  his  energies. 

1.  conscripts. 

368.  Hostility  of  foreign  powers. 

a.  Rn 

b.  England  ; 

Will. 

1.     USUI]" 

ry  inch. 
(/   plains  of  it. 

1.   Austria. 


116 


MODERN  HISTORY. 


369.  The  Italian  campaign. 

a.  Spring  of  1800. 

1.  artful  manoeuvers. 
(a.)  Po. 

b.  Marengo,  14th  June. 

1.  compar.  strength. 

2.  on  the  march. 

3.  Adige  and  Brenta. 

c.  five  weeks. 

d.  Moreau,  Nov. 
1.  Hohenlinden. 

e.  Treatv  of   Luneville,   Feb., 

1801. 

1.  Belgium. 

2.  left  bank  of  the  R. 

370.  Events  up  to  the  peace. 

a.  the  sea — Eng. 

b.  league  ag.  E.  and  her  ships: 

R.,  S„  D.,  P. 

1.  Nelson. 

(a.)  Copenhagen,   2d  Ap., 
1801. 
(l.)4h. 

2.  Paul  of  R. 

3.  Egypt. 

c.  Treaty  of  Amiens,  Mar.,  1802. 
1.  true  character. 

371.  Napoleon's  reforms. 

a.  confidence  of  F. 

1.  for  life,  Aug.,  1802. 
(a.)  ratified. 

b.  at  heart. 

c.  best  lawyers. 

1.   ''Code  Napoleon." 
{a.)  legacy. 

d.  every  department. 

1.  pub.   inst.,  justice,  com., 

ind.,  roads,  etc. 

2.  Legion  of  II. 
(a.)  first  step. 

372.  Hostilities  renewed. 

a.  provoked  by  whom? 

1.  marque  ;    embargo,   May, 

ISO:}. 

b.  retaliation. 

1.  E.  and  D.  subjects. 


c.  menaced  England. 

d.  coalition. 

373.  Napoleon  Emperor. 

a.  admirable  diplomacy. 
1.  18th  May,  1804. 

(a.)  4000. 

b.  Pius  VII. 

1.  Notre  Dame,  2d  Dec,  1804. 
(a.)  blessed  the  crown. 
(b.)  with  his  own  hand. 

c.  Italy. 

1.  May,  1805. 

2.  Milan— iron  c.  of  L. 

374.  His  plan  of  campaign. 
a.  Spring  of  1805. 

1.  invasion. 
(a.)  Boulogne. 

375.  Operations  in  Germany. 

a.  Austrians  moving. 

1.  200,000. 

2.  Russians. 

b.  Ulm— lo*0,000. 

1.  Mack— 3u, 000,  Oct.,  1805. 

2.  Vienna. 

c.  Austerlitz,  2d  Dec,  1805. 

1.  15,000  ;  20,000  ;  40  ;  200. 

d.  Francis  II.  to  tent. 

1.  20,000. 

2.  2|m. 

376.  Trafalgar,  21st  Oct.,  1805. 

a.  up  and  down. 
1.  Cadiz. 

b.  3  w.  after  N.  crossed. 

1.  Nelson. 

2.  Villciicuvc 

c.  undisputed  dominion. 

377.  Changes  in  Germany. 

a.  fruits  of  victories. 

b.  Constitution  of  G. 

c.  Elec.  of  Bav.  and  War. 

d.  "Confed.  of  theR.,"  180G. 

1.  K.  of  IV  and  \V. 

2.  Elec.  of  B. 

:;.  Landgrave  of  H. 
1.  princes. 

e.  "  Protector." 


'■/.•>'. 


117 


mp,  of  A..'* 

1.   "  Holy  Roman  I 

378.  Napoleon  as  a  king-ma- 

ker. 

•avian  B  "'   K.  of 

II. 

1.  Lo 

III. 

379.  Napoleon  invades  Prus- 

sia. 
a.  part  hitherto  taken  by  P. 

•  nng  into  war. 
c   Anerstadl     and    Jena,    1-lth 

1.   remnant  of  P.  army. 

380.  Eylau  and  Friedland. 

a.  Indecisive  l>attl<\  Feb.,  1807. 

b.  ¥.,  .In no. 

i.  <;<>,ooo. 

c.  Treaty  of  Tilsit,  July,  1807. 

381.  Terms  of  peace. 

1.   Saxony. 

Italia, 
n  Poland. 
b.  "Kingdom  of  Westphalia." 
1. 

382.  Beginning  of  reaction. 
(f.  Bouse  of  Braganza,Po 

1.    Brazil. 

b.  Joseph. 

1.    Murat. 

the  field 

,lt,  1808. 
1  K. 

383.  The  Wagram  campaign. 
1.  Austerlitz. 


/>.  Archduke  ■ 

the  Pain 

ling. 
5th  July,  ; 

d.  * 

384.  The  Austrian  marriage. 
a.  marriage  i 

1.  Josephine. 

Arclid.  of  A. 

Moxt  year. 

h.    Duke  of  Peichstadt. 

385.  Napoleon    touches    the 

zenith. 
a.  1811. 

:rnt  of  empire. 
1.   I),  to  N. 
llol.,  Nap.,  West. 
Spain, 
edeu — Bernadotte,  Cr.  Pr. 

/.   Prot.  of  Con.  of  P. 

1.   subjection. 
g.   "Helvetic  Confederation." 
//    Austria  and  Prussia. 
i.   Russia 

el  in  a  short  time. 

1.  magician's  wand. 

386.  Invasion  of  Russia. 

a.  beg.  of  disasters,  IS 

b.  CI: 

'.:.  ports. 

Memen,  June,  1812. 
1.   600,000. 
Borodino,  7th  S 

387.  The  French  in  Moscow. 

!ih  September. 

1.   Kremlin. 

-ilent  and  empty. 
b.  4  d. 

1.  purposi  ians. 

388.  The  retreat. 

a.  all  that  remained. 
h.    19th  Oct. 
flying  bodj 

way -side. 


118 


MODERN  HISTORY. 


I.'  125,000,  b. 

2.  100,000,  f.,  h.,  andc. 

3.  190,000  p. 

389.  Events   to   the   battle   of 

Leipsic. 

a.  Smorgonoi,  5th  Dec. 
1.  sledge— 18th. 

b.  life  and  death. 

1.  all  the  powers. 

c.  Wellington. 

d.  to  the  Elbe. 

1.  P.  andR.,  May,  1813. 
(a.)  Llitzen  ;  Bautzen. 

e.  battle  after  battle. 

/,  Leipsic,  lGth-18th  Oct. ,  1813. 
1.  70,000. 

390.  Events  up  to  Elba. 

a.  converging  on  F. 

1.  amazed  his  enemies. 

b.  false  move. 

c.  Paris,  31st  Mar.,  1814. 
1.  Fontainebleau. 

d.  2  d.  afterward. 

e.  4th  April. 
/.  20th  April. 

391.  The  Bourbon  Restoration. 
a.  Louis  XVIII.  (brother). 

1.  "forgot  nothing,"  etc. 

2.  unpopularity. 
(a.)  exile  of  E. 

(1.)  to  startle  E. 

392.  Napoleon's  reappearance. 

a.  10  m. 

b.  Cannes. 

c.  without  a  shot. 
1.  escort. 

d.  king— Ghent. 

e.  congress  at  V. 

1.  reconstructing. 

2.  news. 

(a.)  incredulity. 
(6.)  laughter. 

393.  Progress  of  events. 

a.  levy. 

b.  outlaw. 

c.  Belgium. 


1.  E.  and  P. 
(a.)  W.  and  Blucher. 

394.  Waterloo. 

a,  mh  June,  1815. 

b.  hastened  to  P. 

395.  Abdication  and  surrender. 

a.  no  longer. 

1.  his  star. 

2.  cast  aside. 

b.  22dJune. 

c.  7th  July. 

d.  United  States. 
1.   why  not? 

e.  15th  July. 

1.  "  like  T.  to  claim  the  hos./' 
etc. 

396.  St.  Helena  and  death. 

((.  tiger. 

b.  Oct.,  1815. 

c.  6  y. 

d.  5th  May,  1821. 

1.   "Tcted'arniee!" 

397.  His  character. 

a.  disputed. 

1.  basis  of  judgment. 

b.  consid.  as  an  intdUct. 

1.  gen.;  combin.;  admin. gen. 

2.  the  greatest, 

c.  consid.  as  a  character. 
1.  neither  g.  nor  g. 

(a.)  self. 

d.  necessary  work. 

e.  ambition. 

1.  success. 

2.  fall. 

Modern  English  Politics. 

398.  George  III.    and    George 

IV. 

a.  at  end  of  N.  wars. 
1.   Regent,  1811. 

(a.)  wliv  V  who? 

b.  George  [v.,  1830. 

1.  person  and  nmnners. 
(a.)  "  first  gentleman*" 
(1.)  undeserved. 


/,')-. 


n:i 


399.  England  and  the  Holy  Al- 

liai. 

a.  al  :  loo. 

aether, 

with," 

b.  hi 

d.  England. 

ispicion. 
2.  principles  of  ln1 

400.  A  step  in  progress. 
Usabilities  of  dissenters. 

b.  officials — Estab.  Ch. 

l.   16 

shut  out  : 

1.  P.,  off.,  fran.,  c,  r. 

401.  Justice  to  Catholics. 

a.  Ireland. 

l.  Daniel  O'Cennell. 

emancipation. 

b.  II 

lection  of  <  Vi '. 
d.  a  bill  was  passed. 
1.   civil  war. 
(a.)  Dukeof  W. 

402.  Accession  of  William  IV., 

1830. 
O,   William    Henry,    Duke    of 

i.  ; 

403.  Abuse*   of  Parliamentary 

representation. 

b.  Inequality  o  ration. 

1.  Liverpool, 

"  l). 

404.  Passage  of  the  Reform  Bill. 
1. 


!>.  balanc 

l.  new  Boose,  pled 

bill. 
1.  caused  wl 

d.  n. 

405.  Changes  it  eflfected. 
56  ]>.  boron 

b.  ti 

;  raneliise  i 
l.  to\ 
county. 

owned  land—  £ 
(b.)  rental— £60. 

406.  Abolition  of  colonial  sla- 

very. 

a.  Reform  Parliament,  1833. 

1.  course  entered  upon. 

2.  most  important. 

b.  William  Wilber force. 
1.   for  many  j{ 

c.  800,000. 

l.  20,000,000. 

407.  Accession  o/Victoria,  1837. 

a.  Alexandrina  V.  ( l i i <  < 

1.  Kdward  I),  of  Kent. 

2.  18  y. 

3.  3  v. — Prince  Albert  (cous- 

in). 

I  !oburg  and  Go- 
tha. 

408.  Repeal  of  the  Corn  Laws. 
early  part  of  reign. 

b.  what  were  the  Corn  Laws? 

1.  duties. 

2.  to  "  protet 

'•.     1  led. 

Anti-Corn- Law  League." 
1.    18 

•J.    L'iehard  Cobden. 
1*46. 

409.  The  Chartists. 

a.  about  same  time. 

b.  workin£ni< 

I.  "  Charter." 

manded. 
l. 


120 


MODERN  HISTOIiY. 


2.  ballot. 

3.  annual  P. 

4.  elec.  (list. 

5.  pro]),  qualification. 
C.  payment  of  P.  rep. 

d.  1839-1848. 

1.  rioting ;  quiet. 

410.  How  they  were  put  down. 

a.  excited  in  1848  by  what  ? 

b.  Kensington  Common. 

1.  20,000. 

2.  monster  petition. 

C.  gov.  alarm  and  appeal. 
1.  |  m. 
(a.)  "  red  republican." 
d.  importance  of  the  Chartists. 

1.  as  an  organized  body. 

2.  as  an  educator. 

3.  subsequent  fruits. 

411.  Crimean  War. 

a.  1854. 

1.  Waterloo. 

b.  origin. 

1.  Nicholas. 

(a.)  Moldavia  and   Walla- 
chia. 

c.  G.  B.,  F. 
1.  Sar. 

d.  chief  actions. 

1.  Alma,  Sep.,  1854. 

2.  Inkerman,  Nov.,  1854. 

3.  Siege  of  Sebastopol. 
(a.)  349. 

(b.)  Sep.,  1855. 

e.  peace. 

412.  Later  English  politics. 
<(.  inter,  devel. — war. 

1.  slow  but  sure. 

b.  new  R.  Bill,  18G7. 

1 .  Earl  of  I  )<  •  rl  >y  and  Disraeli. 

2.  franchise. 

c.  Ireland,  1809-1870. 

1.  Gladstone. 

2.  "disestablishment." 
(a.)  meaning  of  term. 

(/>.)     justice. 

d.  ballot",  1872. 


Revolutions  in  French  Politics. 

413.  Character     of     modern 

French  politics. 

a.  contrast. 

1.  "Reform." 

2.  "Revolution." 

414.  Reign  of  Louis  XVIII. 

a.  59. 

b.  condition  of  F. 

1.  weary  ;  exhausted  ;  tranq. 

c.  characteristics  of  the  king. 
1.  tern.,  per.,  cap. 

d.  good  intentions. 

e.  reactionists. 

1.  old  regime. 

2.  Count  d'Artois  (br.). 
(a.)  1824. 

41 5 .  Despotic  acts  of  Charles  X. 

a.  absolutism. 

1.  Eng.  Stuarts. 

b.  blind  to  what  ? 

c.  1827,  Civic  Guard. 

d.  1830,  three  ordinances. 

1.  press. 

2.  Cham,  of  Dep. 

3.  Prefects. 
(a.)  creatures. 

e.  these  kindled  what  ? 

416.  Revolution. 

a.  spirit  of  Parisians. 

1.  tricol. ;  bar. ;  fights. 
h.  27th,  28th,  29th  July,  1830. . 

c.  provisional. 

d.  Louis  Philippe  (cousin). 

1.  Orleans. 

2.  K.  of  the  F.    • 
c.  fate  of  Charles. 

1.  G  y. — Austria. 

417.  Account  of  Louis  Philippe. 

a.  57. 

b.  adversity,  etc. 

1.  Switzerland. 

{a.)  occupation. 

2.  r.  s. 

3.  E.— Nap. 


OF  THE    •   ra  <  I.  \  TURY. 


121 


418.  His  troubles. 

;<ul». 

!iy  taken? 
1.    pi 

e.  alienal 

Mil. 

419.  Early  exploits  of  Louis 

Napoleon. 

l.  character  ami  efl 
b.  L 

1.  i 

arlv  lit'.'. 

1.  18 

2.  1! 
Swite. 

(1.  infatuation. 

1.  astonishing  result. 
e,  18 

1.    America. 
fk  184'),  Boulo 

Iain. 
B  y. —  England. 

420.  Revolution  of  1848. 

a.  munn 

1.  unpopular. 

b.  Kef.  Ban. 

d.  cr  Feb.— forbidden. 

1.  barricades. 
litli. 

421.  The  Republic  and  anar- 

chy. 

b.  5th  M 

C.   several  months — June. 
1.   Bl 

month— 16 


422.  The    new    constitution, 

Nov..  1848. 
lent. 

1.    all  the  people. 
b.    1. 

l.  deputy,  Seine. 

in." 

423.  The  Coup  d'Etat. 
-<>on  maniii 

b.  weaving  pl( 

c.  "coup  a\  i 

1.  meaning. 

2.  in  this 

mas. 
(b.)  midnight. 

d.  night  of  2d  Dec,  185L 

1.  next  morning. 

2.  placarded  walls. 

(a.)  Assembly. 

BUf. 

mar.  law. 
c.  4th  Dec.,  as  usual. 

1.   I 
/.    14th  Jan., 
1.    10  y. 

424.  Cause    of   Louis    Napo- 

leon's success. 

a.  demoralized. 

b.  nearly  unanimous  vote. 
1.   evidence  of  what? 

425.  Becomes  Emperor. 

a.  2d  Dec,  18 
1.   title. 

b.  marri, 

1.  90th  Jan.,  l 

2.  Buge'nie  de  -Montijo. 

Bp.— Sc. 

3.  Notre  Dame. 

426.  His  profession  of  peace. 
a.  policy. 

l.   "Tha  E.  la 

us — chief  pari 

427.  His  first  war. 

O.   when  7      H.  and  T. 
1.   C.  W 


122                               MODERN  HISTORY. 

2.  coalition. 

1.  more  prac. 

b.  share  of  glory. 

2.   unsurpassed  pros. 

428.  His  second  war. 

432.  Reflections. 

a.  1859,  Austria  and  Sardinia. 

a.  peace  dear  at  what  price  ? 

b.  ally. 

1.  in  person. 

b.  strange  anomaly. 

1.  the   bulwark   of  civ.   for 

c.  his  understood  intention. 

cent. 

1.  A.  to  A. 

2.  20  y.,  19th  cent— A.  desp. 

d.  Magenta  and  Solferino. 

c.  rotten,  of  sys.  disclosed. 

1.  Villafranca. 

d.  issue  on  trial  in  CI.  war. 

e.  spoils. 
1.  Lorn. 

1.  brav.,  proud,  p. 

(a.)  enfeebled. 

2.  Nice  and  Sav. 

2.  nation  of  p.  sch. 

e.  signif.  verdict. 

429.  The  German  war. 

a.  last  and  greatest. 

Unification  of  Italy. 

b.  Prussia,  1870. 

433.  Italy— 1815-1848. 

c.  reason  for  aggression. 

a.  can  hardly  be  said. 

1.  pretended. 

1.  millstone. 

(a.)  Leopold— Spain. 

b.  A.  swarmed. 

2.  real. 

1.  Tus.,  Mod.,  Par. 

(a.)  jealousy. 

(b.)  popularity. 

434.  Revolution  of  1848. 

d.  cause  of  dispute  removed. 

a.  Pius  IX.,  1846. 

1.  July,  1870. 

1.  changes. 

6.  formal  assurances. 

b.  A.  alarmed. 

1.  result. 

1.  Ferrara,  1847. 

(a.)  in  arms. 

430.  Summary  of  events. 

c.  fol.  year — Lombardy. 

a.  see  sketch  of  G. 

1.  Milan. 

b.  across  the  frontier. 

2.  Charles  Albert — Sardinia. 

c.  back  again. 

d.  hour  of  triumph. 

d.  series  of  victories. 

1.  S.  invaded. 

1.  prisoner. 

(a.)  Novara,  1849. 

e.  Paris. 

(1.)  ab. 

/.  deposed. 

e.  V.  E.  II.  (son). 

1.  rep. 

/.  Venice.   l 

g.  retired. 

1.  repub. 

1.  2y. 

2.  Austria. 
g.  Rome. 
1.  repub. 

431.  Material    prosperity    of 

France. 

2.  France. 

a.  18  y. 

//.  other  [taL  States. 

1.  mat.  pros. 

1.  constitutions. 

b.  genius. 

i.  much  the  same  case. 

1.  coin.,   r.  sys.,  m.  and  m., 

citi< 

435.  Victor  Emanuel. 

c.  20  y. 

a.  only  hope  for  patriots. 

128 


lib. 

int. 

2.  ! 

11  lir  Galantaomo. 

436.  Cavour's  plans. 

a.  1868,  p.  minister. 

b.  C  'a  ability  and 

c.  import 

(J.  fruit  -p. 

1.  Cong.  <>f  Pi 

unhappy  condit. 

remonstrated. 

'■ 

3.  uiiih;;-  iihdrawn. 

437.  War  with  Austria. 

a.  L859,  F.  and  S. 

b.  Alps  to  A<1. 

c.  Magenta,  4th  Juno. 

54th  June. 
illafranca. 
1.   1 

rnita  <»f  vi 
1.   L.  w.  of  the  Mincio. 
March,    I860,   Tns.,  Mo., 

.  and  Boms 

438.  Garibaldi's  operations. 

;i    Garibaldi*-  "the 

b.  Marsala,  Sic,  May,  1860. 
1.   Dictator  for  V. 


a.  ) 


6.  farm- 

7.  Liberator. 


C.    Pi 

pital. 
1.    provisional 

439.  Italy  a  kingdom. 

invaded   1\  Sin! 

1.  Ancona. 
b.  Two  Sicili* 
ther  1.  Bta1 
1.   IV  t.  r.  and  V. 

malgamated,  1861. 

I   o\V  -'. 

d.  K.  of  It. 

440.  Closing  events. 
Bee— A.  and  P. 

1.  Italy's  aid. 

2.  Italy's  reward. 

V.  and  Verona. 

b.  IbiTO,  F.  and  (i. 

1.    evacuation  of  1\. 

c.  unity  complete. 

d.  capital. 

The  German  Empire  Restored. 

441.  Review  of  German  poli- 

tics. 

q  Empire. 

1.  -Holy  \\.  Empire,** 

I    E,  of  the  Ca'sars. 

2.  until  Nap.  \ 

b.  lax  union. 

1.  Westphalia. 

c.  disintegration  under  Nap. 

1.  Bavaria  and  Wurtemberg. 

• 

2.  Francis  II..  1806. 

mperoroi  Austria." 

442.  The  German  Confedera- 

tion. 

of  Vienna,  L815. 

1.  restoration  of  (i.  Empire. 

!   of  this,  StU  .June, 

1815. 

b.   nature  of  the  Confederation. 

*  Sec  I 


124 


MODERN  HISTORY. 


1.  39  ;  principal  states. 

2.  cacli  Bt.  how  far.indep.  ? 

3.  Diet,  or  P. 

(a.)  plenipotentiaries. 

(b.)  capital. 

(c.)  A.  presiding. 

4.  states  agreed. 

5.  confed.  army. 

(a.)  each  to  contribute. 
(&.)  subjects  of  dispute. 

443.  Broken  promises. 
a.  free  consti. 

1.  concession. 

2.  great  disappointment. 

444.  Unity — a   step   towards 

it. 

a.  unity  of  Fatherland. 

b.  strong  power. 

1.  bundle. 

2.  united. 

c.  one  step,  1828. 

1.  "Zollverein,"  or  C.  U. 
(a.)  duties  on  merchan. 

(1.)  one  st.  to  another. 
(2.)  common  frontier. 

2.  P.  the  center. 

3.  most  of  the  states. 

445.  The  government  and  the 

people. 

a.  thorough  absolutists. 

b.  repressive  measures. 

1.  press. 

2.  effect. 

C.  F.  Rev.  of  1830. 
1.  svm.  uprisings. 
(a.)  P.  and  A. 
(&..)  Brunswick. 
(c.)  result. 

446.  The  earthquake  year. 

a.  conseq.  of  F.  R.  of  1848. 
1.    people  resolved. 

b.  smaller  states. 

c.  Austria. 
1.  Diet. 

(a.)  un.  suf. 

d.  Berlin. 

1.  new  con. 


e.   "  National  Assembly,"  May, 
1848. 
1.  authority — Diet. 

447.  Cause    of    the    people's 

failure. 

a.  Nat.  Assem. 

1.  visionary. 

2.  unequal. 

b.  excesses. 

1.  Austria  and  Hungary. 

448.  Uprising  and  down-put- 

ting of  Hungary. 

a.  II.  under  A.  dominion. 

1.  once. 

2.  sighed. 

b.  Kossuth. 

1.  demanded. 

2.  set  up. 

c.  race-feuds— Magyars. 

d.  reconquest. 
1.  Russia. 

449.  The  tide  recedes. 

a.  general  subsidence. 
1.   freed  from  fear. 

(a.)  less  and  less. 

b.  N.  A.  divided. 

1.  kind  of  con.,  April,  1849. 
(a.)  Imperial  power. 

(1.)  offer  how  received  ? 

450.  Jealousies  of  Prussia  and 

Austria. 

a.  greatest  difficulty. 

b.  P.'s  attempt  in  A.'s  hour  of 

trouble,  IS  it). 
1.   several  st;:: 

c.  A.'s  counter-attempt. 

d.  near  civil  wa  p. 

1.  Hesse-CasseL 

2.  re-estab.  of  the  (\ 

e.  great  question  in  (i.  politics. 

451.  Events  to  1859. 

a.  prosperous  years. 
1.  com. ;  pop.  educ. 

b.  1859— ItaJ.  war. 

1.  A.,  S.,  P. 

2.  Lombardy.* 


*See  page  12--2,  p.'ircm'raph  428. 


I 


12r, 


•1.   Prussia  adi 

1.    fresh  inijM, 

452.  Prussia  under  William  I. 

William  IV..   1861. 

l.  William  I.  (brother). 

b.  Otto  \  021  Bismarck. 

1.  rank. 

c.  reorganization  of  army. 

2.  in  violation  of  c. 

453.  Progress  of  the  quarrel. 

a.  u 

b.  '  id  iron." 

-Holstein    ques- 
tion." 

1.  P..  A.,  D. 

2.  i  864. 

"  Danewirk." 

3.  Duppel. 

-u  It. 

TTolstein, 
Lauenburg. 

454.  Relations  of  the  powers. 

a.  disposal  of  the  duel.' 
l.  r  ish. 

Austria's  determination, 
ttled. 

b.  the  real  dis] 

1.   Bismarck  foresaw  what  V 

455.  The  fresh  outbreak. 
a    war  easy  when 

I),  the  opportunity. 

1.  ;  'id  real  is- 

456.  Events  of  the  Six  Weeks' 

War. 
a.  .1  . 

fortune. 

l.  ( 

archduk 

</.  B 


1.  Bohemia 

dek. 
edle-jffun. 
, .  Peace  of  rn 

457.  Results  of  the  struggle. 

.ity. 
never  sxclu 

2.  Indemnity. 
b.  secret  alliance. 

1.  Bavaria,  Baden,  etc. 

2.  at  the  disposal. 

458.  Formation  of  North  Ger- 

man Confederation. 

a.  n.  of  the  Main. 
1.  Leadership. 

b.  whole  mil.  svs. 

c.  first  Diet,  B.',  Feb.,  1867 

459.  Further  progress. 

a.  "  National  Liberal  "  party. 
1.  Leading  aim. 

in.)  seemed  far  off. 

b.  unexpected  event. 

460.  Cause  of  the  war  with 

France. 
a.  occasion.* 

1.   Leopold,  of  Ilohenzollern. 
kinsman. 
Sp.  throne. 
h.  ca 

1.  jealousy. 

461.  Napoleon's    disappoint- 

ment. 
a.  July,  i 

1.    N.'S  hope. 

Fatherland. 
Austria,  etc.,  alone. 

462.  Beginning  of  the  struggle. 

a.  a  million. 

1.  V«»n  Moltke. 
rank. 

b,  frontier  cTOfi 

1.  fully  expecting. 

463.  Account  of  the  war. 
Weifi  Itli  Aug. 


126 


MODERN  HISTORY. 


1.  result. 

b.  Worth,  Cth  Aug. 

1.  result — other  successes. 

c.  near  Metz. 
1.  Bazaine. 

d.  Sedan,  1st  Sep. 

1.  80,000. 

2.  sword — Wilhelmshohe. 

e.  siege  of  Paris,  19th  Sep. 
1.  four  G.  armies. 

/.  surrender  of  Metz,  27th  Oct. 

1.  B.— 170,000. 
g.  surrender  of  Paris,  28th  Jan., 
1871. 

1.  last  attempt. 

2.  "  Gov.  of  the  Nat.  Def." 

464.  Terms  of  peace. 

a.  "  Treaty  of  Frankfort,"  10th 

May,  1871. 
o.  Alsace  and  Ger.  Lorraine. 
c.  5,000,000,000. 

465.  Creation  of  the  Empire. 

a.  inspiring  effect  of  the  war. 

b.  change — Nov.,  1870. 
1.  presidency. 

c.  following  month. 

d.  palace    of    Versailles,    18th 

Jan.,  1871. 

467.  The    German    constitu- 
tion. 

a.  first  Diet  at  B.,  Mar.,  1871. 
6.  25. 

c.  rights  of  the  states. 

1.  own  affairs. 

2.  dip.  rep. 

d.  province  of  the  Imp.  Gov. 

e.  duties  of   Fed.  Council  and 

Diet. 

f.  executive  power. 

g.  war  and  peace  ;  alliances  and 

treaties. 

468.  Summary  of  results. 

a.  greater  part  of  (J. 

b.  Austro-Hun.  Mon. 

c.  the  Austro-Prussian  war  did 

what? 


d.  the  Franco-Prussian  war  did 

what? 


GREAT     NAMES     OF     THE 
NINETEENTH    CENTURY. 

I.  Philosophers  and  Scientists. 

a.  Humboldt,  Alexander   von, 

17G9-1859. 

1.  Berlin  ;  nat. 

2.  rank. 

3.  "Kosmos." 

b.  Cuvier,  1709-1831. 

1.  S. — Paris — n.  and  pal. 

2.  rank. 

3.  "  The  Animal  Kingdom," 

etc. 

4.  Napoleon. 

c.  Hegel,  1770-1831. 
1.  G\  p. — founder. 

d.  Davy,  Sir  Humphrey,  1778- 

1829. 

1.  E.  c.  and  n.  p. 

2.  discovered  ;  saf ety-1. 

e.  Arago,  1780-1852. 

1.  F.  savant — ast. 

2.  Par.  Obs. 

/.  Hamilton,  Sir  William,  1788 
-1856. 

1.  Sc.  m.  and  1. 

2.  services. 

g.  Faraday,  1791-1869. 

1.  E.  phy.  p. 

2.  rank. 

3.  mag.  elec.  and  1. 
h.  Comte,  1798-1857. 

1.  F.  p. 

2.  Positive  Phil. 

i.  Liebig,  1808-1872. 

1.  Darmstadt — c. 

2.  ch.  of  ag.  and  phy. 

/.  Mill,  John  Stuart,  1806-1873. 

1.  E.p. 

2.  "  Pol.  Econ.,w  etc. 

k.  Brewster,    Sir  David,    1781- 
-186$. 

1.  Sc.  s. 

2.  "Ed.  Ency.,"  etc. 


I  T  /.!/'  /  CENTURY. 


127 


/.  1 .  1811 . 

I.   I 

'  L9tb  An, 

tune. 

m.  Tvndall.  John,  1820 . 

•  P« 

.nk. 

msidered    as  a 
Motion," 

lis  .1.  EL,  1807- 

1.    >u._r    s—  n. 
*  oniribnti 

II.  "Writers. 

a.  Goethe,  1749-1882. 

1.   Frank  fort -on-the-Main. 
ink. 

3.  "  Werl 

b.  Ettchter,  1768-18 

l.  (i  :i.  and  h. 

nk. 
3.   "Titan,"  i 
r.   Wordsworth,  William,  1770 
-18( 
1.  Lake  p. — P<>.  Laur. 

ursion,"  i 

d.  Be  Salter,  177 

1.    Ed.— p.  and  n. 

■  L  <>f  th< 

Samuel    Taylor, 

1.  La 

■  The  Ancient  M.." 

1777- 
i 
1.  G 

."  c!c. 

1-  P 

n\.  |>.  :    Hums. 

1  William, 

1.  (J.  philol.  and  ant 

of  labors. 


ii»w  ii  to  ih.'  young, 

Guil- 
htin 
1.    I".  It.  and  h. 
..nk. 

Civ.  in  EL,"  etc. 

!.    London  ;  p. 
mk. 

3.  "Childe  Earold 

4.  Missplonghi. 

fa  Carlylo.  Thomas,  1795 . 

1.  Be. — London  ;  E.  w. 

2.  rank. 

vie. 

4.  Uer.  lit, 

5.  "  French  Rev.,"  etc. 

rank. 

6.  influence. 

I.    Prescott,  William  Hiekling", 
1796-1859. 

1.  A.  h.— Si>.  h. 

2.  "  Ferd.  and  Is.,"  etc. 
m.  Thiers,  1797 . 

1.  F.  h.  and  s. 

2.  "The  F.  1! 
8.   1870. 

n.  Pushkin,  1799-1837. 

1.  Ii.  p. 

2.  rank. 

caulav,  1S00-1859. 
.  h. 

:Uk. 

8.   "  Hist,  of  R,"  etc. 
fcyle. 

p.  Hugo,  vid  — . 

1.   F.  p.,  d.,  n..  and  p. 

Romanticist  :  lassi- 

«■    Dame  "  ;      "  Les 
Mi 
q.  Emerson,     Ralph     Waldo, 

:-— . 
1. 

Nathaniel,  1^00 
-18! 


128 


MODERN  HISTORY. 


1.  A.  n. 

2.  merits. 

3.  "  The  Scarlet  Letter,"  etc. 
8.  Tennyson,  Alfred,  180(J . 

1.  P.  L.  of  E. 

2.  rank  ;  merits. 

3.  "The  Princess,"  etc. 

t    Thackeray,  William  Make- 
peace, 1811-1863. 

1.  E.  n. 

2.  rank  ;  merits. 

3.  "Vanity  Fair,"  etc. 

u.  Dickens,  Charles,  1812-1870. 

1.  E.  n. 

2.  rank. 

3.  Shakespeare. 

4.  traits  of  novels. 

III.  Artists. 

a.  Thorwaldsen,  1770-1844. 
1.  D.  s. ;  Art  M.  at  C. 

b.  Beethoven,  1770-1827. 

1.  G.  m. 

2.  "Mount  of  Olives,"  etc. 

c.  Turner,  1775-1851. 

1.  E.  1.  p. ;  h.  pic. 

2.  assumed  name. 

d.  Weber,  1786-1826. 

1.  G.  m. 

2.  "  Der  Freischiitz." 
(a.)  1822,  B. 

e.  Vernet,  Horace,  1789-1863. 

1.  F.  p. 

2.  rank. 

3.  fav.  sub.  and  treatment. 
/.  Rossini,  1792-1868. 

1.  It.  m.  c. 

2.  "William  Tell,"  etc. 
g.  Meyerbeer,  1794-1864. 

1.  ().  m.  c. 

2.  6y. 

3.  "  Robert  l<i  Diablo,"  etc. 
h.  Donizetti,  1798-1848. 

1.  It.  op. 


2.   "  Lucrezia  Borgia,"  etc. 
i.  Landseer,  Sir  Edwin,  1802- 
1873. 
1.  E.  p.— an. 
j.  Kaulbach,     Wilhelm     von, 
1805-1874. 

1.  G.  p. 

2.  rank  ;  idealistic. 

3.  Munich — art  acad. 

4.  "Battle  of  the  Huns,"  etc. 
k.  Mendelssohn,  1809-1847. 

1.  G.-J.  m. — Ham. 

2.  rank. 

3.  "Mid.  Night's  D." 

4.  "  Elijah,"  etc. 
I   Verdi,  1814 . 

1.  It.  m.  c. 

2.  "II  Trovatore." 

m.  Dore,  Gustave,  1833 . 

1.  F.  a, 

2.  rank. 

3.  Dante,  etc. 

IV.  Inventors. 

a.  Brunei,  Sir  Isambard,  1769- 

1849. 

1.  E.  e. 

2.  Thames  T.— 1826  ;  1843. 

b.  Stevenson,     George,     1781— 

1848. 

1.  E.  r.  e. 

2.  lo.  en. 

e.  Stevenson,     Robert,     1803- 
1859. 

1.  E.  e. 

2.  Tub.  B.— Menai. 

d.  Daguerre,  1789-1851. 
1.  F.  in. — dag. 

(a.)  already  known. 

(b. )  hyposulphate  of  soda. 

e.  Morse,  IProf.  S.  P.  B.,  1791- 

1871. 

1.  Mass. — p. ;  devoted. 

2.  work  and  lame. 


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